PSM Data Bank for the Preparation of History Class (Survey Primary Sources: 20th Century, International, Turkey)

Primary Sources
20th Century \| International \| South-east Europe \| Turkey
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Subindex	[P\|S\|M]
Ottoman Empire 19th Cent.	[P\|S\|M]
Ottoman Empire 1900-1919	[P\|S\|M]
Young Turks The Young Turks: Proclamation for the Ottoman Empire, 1908, from Modern History Sourcebook The Annexation of Bosnia and Herzegovina by Austria-Hungary, September - October, 1908, from World War I Document Archive Denunciation by Austria-Hungary of Article XXV of the Treaty of Berlin, Vienna, October 3, 1908 Note of Turkey in reply to the Austro-Hungarian Note relative to the Annexation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Communicated to the Powers signatory of the Treaty of Berlin, July 12, 1878, on October 9, 1908 Balkan Wars Treaty of Peace between Italy and Turkey . Lausanne, October 18, 1912 , also from Mt.Holyoke Bernard Grant: The Flight of the Turks from Lule-Burgas, 1912, from: Modern History Sourcebook Treaty of Peace between Greece, Bulgaria, Montenegro, Serbia on the one part and Turkey on the other part, London, May 17/30, 1913 Treaty of Peace between Roumania, Greece, Montenegro, Serbia, and Bulgaria, Bucharest, July 28/August 10, 1913 The Treaty of Constantinople, 1913, Source: Handbook 1918 (1) World War I Treaty of Alliance Between Germany and Turkey 2 August, 1914, 2. August 1914, from Avalon Project , from World War I Document Archive Feldpostkarte (Picture Postcard): Der Kampf um die Dardanellen (The fight for the Dardanellen) Gallipoli, Order of Battle, 1915, from Gallipoli Association Kitchener's & Hamilton's Reports on Gallipoli, 9. August 1915, from World War I Document Archive The Husain-McMahon Letters, excerpt, exerpts, 1915-1916, from World War I Document Archive The Treaty of Peace between the Allied and Associated Powers and Turkey signed at Sevres, August 10, 1920, from World War I Document Archive , also from also from Hellenic Resources Network , also from World Conflict Documents Project Armenia (2) The Armenian genocide is still a sensitive matter; sites dealing with the topic usually take position either against the Turks or against the Armenians. The user is advised to take into account that World War I was a period which saw intensive propaganda campaigns on both sides; while many documents are genuine, others may have been created with or influenced by propaganda. User discretion is advised. psm-data distances itself from the political view expressed by any of the sites dealing with the issue. Documents of the Massacres committed on Muslims and/or Jews by the Armenians, 1914-1921, 1914-1921, from State Archives, Ankara, 89 documents, Documents in Turkish (Latin script); with English-language regest Armenia in Ottoman documents (1915 - 1920) posted by Turkish State Archives, in English The Treatment of the Armenians in the Ottoman Empire 1915-16, Documents presented to Viscount Grey Of Fallodon Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, by Viscount Bryce, from World War I Document Archive Telegraph of Russian General Nikolayef to Caucasian Army Commander, 1915, posted by turkses.com, a Turkish site; no reference given An Armenian Massacre in Van, eyewitness report by Haci Zekeriya Koc, undated, posted by turkses.com, a Turkish site Armenian Genocide Articles, contains several hundred source texts 1913-1933, mostly articles from the NYT, focus 1915 Armenian Genocide, sample documents, Armenian National Institute, 1915-1922, from US (9) and British (6) archives Letter from Boghos Nubar, Armenian Leader to the Times of London, 1919, from Turkish Forum (1) Anderson, Frank Maloy and Amos Shartle Hershey, Handbook for the Diplomatic History of Europe, Asia, and Africa 1870-1914. Prepared for the National Board for Historical Service. Government Printing Office, Washington, 1918. posted by Mt. Holyoke (2) Comment : the expression "Armenian Genocide" is used both as describing "genocide committed on Armenians" and as describing "genocide committed by Armenians"
Establishment of the Republic and Struggle for its Survival (1918-1923)	[P\|S\|M]
Republic of Turkey, bilateral agreements with foreign countries, from Turkish Ministry of Foreign Affairs Speeches by Mustafa Kemal, called Atat�rk, 10 speeches from 1919, from Internet Ataturk Library Graeco-Turkic War Statement in the House of Commons by Prime Minister William L. Mackenzie King regarding Canada's Attitude during the Chanak Crisis 1922 , from Key Documents on the History of Canada's International Affairs Expulsion of the Greeks from Asia Minor, 1922 - Four articles from the New York Times, from Hellenic Resources Institute Photos from the Turkish Destruction of Minor Asia - 1922, posted by George Neophytides Images of Smyrna, before and after the destruction, from Ioannis Ntzoufras Home Page The Hellenic Genocide, posted by Hellenic Electronic Center Documented Massacres committed on Turks by Greeks, 1919-1923 list of 21 documents, comment in English; the links lead to facsimiles of Turkish-language documents in Arab script Treaty of Lausanne (24.7.1923) Convention concerning the Exchange of Greek and Turkish Populations, Lausanne, 30th January, 1923, from Hellenic Resources Network Treaty of Peace [with Turkey], Lausanne, 24 July 1923, from Australian Treaty Series , also from Hellenic Resources Network Convention relating to the Regime of the Straits, Lausanne, 24 July 1923, from Australian Treaty Series , also from Hellenic Resources Network Convention respecting the Thracian Frontiers, Lausanne, 24 July 1923, from Australian Treaty Series Convention respecting Conditions of Residence and Business and Jurisdiction [between the Allied Powers and Turkey], Lausanne, 24 July 1923, from Australian Treaty Series Declaration of Amnesty, and Protocol [between the Allied Powers and Turkey], Lausanne, 24 July 1923, from Australian Treaty Series Protocol relating to Certain Concessions granted in the Ottoman Empire, and Declaration by Turkey, Lausanne, 24 July 1923, from Australian Treaty Series Protocol relating to the Accession of Belgium and Portugal to Certain Provisions of Instruments signed at Lausanne, and Declarations by Belgium and Portugal, Lausanne, 24 July 1923, from Australian Treaty Series Protocol relating to the Karagatch Territory and the Islands of Imbros and Tenedos, Lausanne, 24 July 1923, from Australian Treaty Series Protocol relating to Signature by the Serb-Croat-Slovene State Staates), Lausanne, 24 July 1923, from Australian Treaty Series
Period of Political Reforms under Ataturk (1923-1938)	[P\|S\|M]
Agreement between the United States and Turkey, signed Oct. 28th 1931, posted by US Embassy Ankara Convention between the United Kingdom and the Republic of Turkey regarding Legal Proceedings in Civil and Commercial Matters, and Protocol of Signature (Konvention zwischen dem Vereinten K�nigreich und der T�rkischen Republik betreffend rechtliche Vorgehensweise in zivilen und handelsrechtlichen F�llen), Ankara, 28 November 1931, from Australian Treaty Series Convention between Italy and Turkey for the Delimitation of the Territorial Waters between the coast of Anatolia and the Island of Castellorizo. Signed at Ankara, January 4, 1932., from Macedonian Press Agency Documents in English Convention between Italy and Turkey, concerning the border between Turkey and the (then Italian) Dodecanese Islands, from HRI (Hellenic Ressources Network) , from Greece.org , from Hellenic Nationalist Page , from Diaspora.net , from oldeee.see.ed.ac.uk , in English translation; part of text in original French. Caution, some of the websites posting this treaty are nationalistic.
Turkey during World War II (1939-1945)	[P\|S\|M]
Announcement of Lend-Lease for Turkey, Dec. 3rd 1941, from Public Papers of the Presidents Communique on a Meeting with Churchill and the President of Turkey, Dec. 7, 1943, from Public Papers of the Presidents
Turkey in the Cold War (1945-1991)	[P\|S\|M]
Collection of Documents on the Truman Doctrine, January 1946-November 1952, 69 Documents in 9 folders, not organized in chronological order, most from 1947-1948, from Project Whistlestop, at Truman Library and Museum Cold War International History Project (CWIHP) at Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, search for keyword turkey lead to 75 documents, 1946-1989, focus in 1962, some of considerable length, 1946-1989, from Project Whistlestop, CWIHP Pact of Mutual Cooperation Between the Kingdom of Iraq, the Republic of Turkey, the United Kingdom, the Dominion of Pakistan, and the Kingdom of Iran (Baghdad Pact), February 24, 1955 (Bagdad Pakt), 24. Februar 1955, from Avalon Project Treaty of Alliance, Political Cooperation, and Mutual Assistance Between the Turkish Republic, the Kingdom of Greece, and the Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia (Balkan Pact), August 9, 1954, from Avalon Project Dean Acheson, The Decision to Help Greece and Turkey 1947, from Cold War Page at Mt.Holyoke Speech, held by US President Harry S. Truman addressing both houses of Congress, Announcing the "Truman Doctrine" 1947, from Tufts Univ. Protocol to the North Atlantic Treaty on the Accession of Greece and Turkey London, October 22, 1951, from Hellenic Resources Network Images of Sept. 6th-7th 1955 Pogrom against Greek population of Constantinople, from: The Hellenic Nationalist Page (caution, expressedly anti-Turkish site, Vorsicht: Antit�rkische Seite) Letter from U.S. Secretary of State Dulles to Greek Minister Papagos, on Cyprus, September 18, 1955, from Greek and Turkish Conflict, by A. Kommata, Mt. Holyoke Letter from President Johnson to Turkish Prime Minister Inonu, on Cyprus, June 15, 1964, June 15, 1964, from Greek and Turkish Conflict, by A. Kommata, Mt. Holyoke Conference on Security and Co-Operation in Europe (Csce) Final Act, Helsinki 1. August 1975, from Hellenic Resources Network White House Statement on the Vice President's Meeting With Minister of Foreign Affairs Ilter Turkmen of Turkey, April 2, 1981, posted by Reagan Library, UTexas Statement on the Assassination of Turkish Consul General Kemal Arikan, January 28, 1982, posted by Reagan Library, UTexas Statement by Deputy Press Secretary Speakes on the Assassination of Turkish Honorary Consul General Orhan Gunduz, May 5, 1982, posted by Reagan Library, UTexas New Constitution (1982) Constitution of the Republic of Turkey, 1982, from Turkish Politics & Policy , also from Turkey, Office of Prime Minister
Turkey and Cyprus	[P\|S\|M]
Documents signed and initialled at Lancaster House on 19 February 1959 see also the Lancaster Documents at www.trnc.com, official site Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus Treaty of Guarantee between the Republic of Cyprus and Greece, the United Kingdom and Turkey, 1959, Excerpts, from kypros.org; Cyprus-Treaty of Guarantee, Nicosia, 16 August 1960, from North Cyprus Home Page Garantievertrag, from North Cyprus Home Page Treaty of Alliance between the Republic of Cyprus, Greece and Turkey, 1959, from kypros.org Basic Structure of the Republic of Cyprus 1959, from kypros.org Declaration by the Government of the United Kingdom 11 February 1959, from kypros.org Additional article to be inserted in the Treaty of Guarantee 1959, from kypros.org Cypriot Constitution Constitution of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, from Cypnet Thirteen-Point Amendments to the 1960 Cyprus Constitution Proposed by Archbishop Makarios on 30 November 1963 , from Turkish Republic of North Cyprus (official site) International Resolutions Un Security Council Resolution 186, March 4, 1964, from Turkish Republic of North Cyprus (official site) Geneva Declaration of July 1974 on Cyprus, 30 July 1974, from Turkish Republic of North Cyprus (official site) The Turkish invasion in 1974 Foreign Press about the Turkish invasion in 1974, from: The Cyprus Problem (Greek-Cypriot site) Images of the 1974 invasion, from: The Hellenic Nationalist Page (caution, expressedly anti-Turkish site) Geneva Declaration of July 1974 on Cyprus, 30 July 1974, from Turkish Republic of North Cyprus (official site)
Reference	[P\|S\|M]
Republic of Turkey, bilateral agreements with foreign countries, from Turkish Ministry of Foreign Affairs Key Texts from the Ottoman Empire and the Republic of Turkey, from The Turkology Update Leiden Project (TULP) Republican Era texts, from The Turkology Update Leiden Project (TULP) The History of Turkey, from World History Archives (mostly recent newspaper articles from English language periodicals 1995-1997) U.S. Treaties in Force A List of Treaties and Other Agreements of the United States in Force with Turkey as of January 1, 2000, posted by US Embassy Ankara
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