1960-1974 since 1989






Cyprus 1974-1989



The Turkish invasion of 1974 had created a Turkish-occupied and administrated zone on the island's northern half, covering 38 % of the island, including most of the fertile Mesaora Plain, half of the capital Nicosia (in Turkish called Lefkosha) and the port of Famagusta, home of Cyprus' large merchant shipping fleet. Here, the TURKISH FEDERATED STATE OF NORTHERN CYPRUS was founded, headed by RAUF DENKTASCH. Immigration of Turks from the mainland was encouraged. In 1983, the TURKISH REPUBLIC OF NORTHERN CYPRUS declared independence; it was recognized only by Turkey.
Economically, Northern Cyprus stagnates, the diplomatic isolation being a major obstacle to economic debelopment. The north is accused of not stopping the illegal export of archaeological treasures.
In the remainder of Cyprus, Nikos Sampson soon was replaced by a civilian administration. This administration pursued the aim of upholding the island's unity, thus not giving in on ENOSIS demand for seeking unification with mainland Greece. Unoccupied Cyprus had to deal with a number of problems, a massive refugee problem, the loss of major agricultural areas and industries. The economy of unoccupied Cyprus responded to the opportunities arising from the sudden wealth of oil-producing states in the Near East, serving this expanding market. When Lebanon plunged into Civil War in the early 1980es, many banks hitherto operating from Beirut moved to Cyprus.
The situation along the Green Line remained tense. The administration of unoccupied Cyprus refused offers from the north for a partition of the island, even if this included the return of Famagusta to the south. LARNACA had been developed to replave Famagusta, which today is a ghost town. Unoccupied Cyprus attracted tourism.
In 1987, Cyprus and the EU signed a CUSTOMS UNION PROTOCOL; (unoccupied) Cyprus applied for full EU membership in 1990.






EXTERNAL
FILES 		Recent Cyprus History, From a Perspective Within the United Kingdom, from the Bow Group
Cyprus, Brief Historical Survey, from kypros.org
Cyprus - European Union: A Brief History, from Cyprus & EU Accession Negotiations
DOCUMENTS Map : Ethnic Cleansing in Cyprus, from Le Monde Diplomatique
REFERENCE Article : Cyprus, in : Britannica Book of the Year 1975 pp.204-206, 1976 pp.223-224, 1977 p.224, 1978 pp.275-276, 1979 pp.275-276, 1980 p.271, 1981 pp.272-273, 1982 pp.268-269, 1983 p.267, 1984 pp.263-264, 1985 pp.484-485, 664, 1986 pp.480, 660, 1987 pp.448-449, 630, 1988 pp.408, 582, 1989 pp.407-408, 582, 1990 pp.425, 597 [G]
Article : Cyprus, in : Statesman's Yearbook 1976-1977 pp.295-302, 1978-1979 pp.374-381, 1979-1980 pp.374-381, 1980-1981 pp.375-382, 1981-1982 pp.380-387, 1983-1984 pp.385-392, 1984-1985 pp.384-390, 1985-1986 pp.386-392, 1986-1987 pp.390-396, 1987-1988 pp.396-401, 1988-1989 pp.398-404, 1989-1990 pp.401-406 [G]
Article : Cyprus, in : Americana Annual 1976 pp.203-205, 1988 pp.202-203, 1989 p.201, 1990 p.199 [G]
Article : Cyprus, in : The World in Figures 1st ed. 1976 pp.214-215, 2nd ed. 1978 pp.214-215, 4th ed. 1984 pp.214-215 [G]
Entry : Cyprus, in : The Commonwealth Yearbook 1989 pp.179-185 [G]
Article : Cyprus, in : Yearbook on International Communist Affairs 1976 pp.113-123 (T.W. Adams), 1980 pp.121-129 (T.W.A.) [G]


This page is part of World History at KMLA
First posted on May 7th 2002, last revised on March 30th 2007

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