History by Country . A . B . C . D . E . F . G . HI . JK . L . M . N . OP . QR . S . TUV . WXYZ

Egypt Persia
First posted on May 30th 2002, last revised on December 5th 2008






For the history of successor states click here : Algeria, Albania, Bosnia, Bulgaria, Croatia, Egypt, Greece, Hungary, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Macedonia, Montenegro, Romania, Serbia, Syria, Tunisia, Turkey

World War I
1908-1914
1878-1908
1871-1878
1861-1871
1839-1861
1808-1839
1789-1808

For the history of Ottoman regions, click Rumelia, Ottoman Anatolia, Ottoman Syria
For the history of Ottoman vilayets : Crete, Vilayet of Silistra, Elayet of White Sea Islands, Cyprus

Documents : Ottoman Empire posted on partner-site psm-data
Historical Atlas : Ottoman Empire Page
Wars of the Ottoman Empire : Rumelia, Anatolia, Arabia, Egypt

Students' Papers : Kim, Sun Hoo, History of Food and Nutrition in West Asia (2009)
Students' Papers : Kim, Sungjun, History of Transportation in the Modern Ottoman Empire (2009)
Students' Papers : Park, Young Jin, Multicultural Metropoleis : Vienna and Istanbul, as described in Historic Encyclopedias (2009)
Students' Papers : Park, Sang Woo, Turning Points in History : The Battle of Kahlenberg (Vienna) 1683 (2008)







WEB-BIBLIOGRAPHY . . . EXTERNAL FILES
Country Profiles Article : Ottoman Empire, from Wikipedia, from Encyclopedia of the Orient
Links, on History Category : Ottoman Empire, from Wikipedia
Historical Dictionaries
Historical Maps WHKMLA Historical Atlas, Ottoman Empire, Rumelia, Ottoman Anatolia pages
City Panoramas 19th Century, from Historic Maps, Konstantinopel 1830
Timelines from turizm.net, from Wikipedia (since 1813)
Accounts of History Article : Ottoman Empire, from Wikipedia, from Encyclopedia of the Orient, from The Ottomans
The Ottoman Khilafa, from naqshbandi.org
Encyclopedia Entries Habibullah's Illustrated Encyclopedia of the Ottoman Empire and her times, online version, detailed
Articles Ottoman Empire, Rumelia, Anatolia, Turkey, Constantinople, Angora, Smyrna, Trebizond, Adrianople, Salonica, Mosul, Aleppo, Baghdad, Jerusalem, Mecca, Hejaz, Syria, Palestine from EB 1911
Articles Turkish Empire, Constantinople, Smyrna, Angora, Trebizond, Adana, from Catholic Encyclopedia
Article Turkey, from Jewish Encyclopedia
Article Türkisches eich, Konstantinopel, Rumelien, Anatolien, Smyrna, Angora, Adana, Trapezunt, Aleppo, Damaskus, Mosul, Bagdad, Mekka, Jerusalem, Syrien, Mesopotamien, in : Meyers Konversationslexikon 1888-1890 edition, in German
Article Türckey, from Zedlers Universallexikon (1732), posted by Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, in German, 18th century font
Entry Buhtan, from Footnotes to History, by James L. Erwin
J. Chr. Nelkenbrecher, Allgemeines Taschenbuch der Münz-, Maass- und Gewichtskunde für Banquiers und Kaufleute (General Manual on Coinage, Measurement and Weights, for Bankers and Merchants) Berlin 1832, in German, entries Constantinopel, posted by DTBSWS
J. Chr. Nelckenbrecher, Taschenbuch eines Banquiers und Kaufmanns enthaltend eine Erklärung aller ein- und ausländischen Münzen ..., Berlin : Wever 1769, in German, entries Constantinopel, posted by DTBSWS
Article : Türkische Eisenbahnen, from Röll, Enzyklopädie des Eisenbahnwesens (Encyclopedia of Railroads) 2nd ed. 1912-1923, in German
Military Wars of the Ottoman Empire : Rumelia, Anatolia, Arabia, Egypt, at WHKMLA
Medals, Orders and Decorations of the Ottoman Empire, from Turkish Medals
Ugur Umit Ungor, Case Studies : Diyarbekir (1915-1916): Young Turk Mass Killings at the Provincial Level , from Online Encyclopedia of Mass Violence
Raymond Kevorkian, Chronological Index : The Extermination of Ottoman Armenians by the Young Turk Regime (1915-1916) , from Online Encyclopedia of Mass Violence
Hamid Bozarslan, Chronological Index : The General Ottoman and Turkish Contexts, From the Tanzimat (1838) to the Suppression of the Dersim Rebellion (1938) , from Online Encyclopedia of Mass Violence
Economy & Finances A Global History of Currencies : Turkey
Textile Workers in the Ottoman Empire 1650-1922, by Donald Quataert
Ethnography
Religion Article State and Religion (Ottoman Empire), from Wikipedia
The Ottoman Empire, from BBC Religion and Ethics
Structure of the Jewish Community (in the Ottoman Empire) by A. Levy
Article Millet (Ottoman Empire), from Wikipedia
History of Cities History of Istanbul, from Wikipedia, Ankara, from Wikipedia, History of Izmir (Smyrna), from Wikipedia, History of Trabzon (Trebizond, Trapezunt), from Wikipedia, History of Adana, from Wikipedia, History of Aleppo, from Wikipedia, History of Damascus, from Wikipedia, History of Mossul, from Wikipedia, History of Baghdad, from Wikipedia, History of Mecca, from Wikipedia, History of Jerusalem, from Wikipedia, History of Thessaloniki, from Wikipedia
History of Regions see WHKMLA, History of Rumelia, Ottoman Anatolia
Institutions A Short History of Turkish Railways, by Trains of Turkey
Bibliographies Online Publications on the History of Turkish Architecture, posted by ArchNet
Selected Works on the Ottoman Empire, from Atatürk Institute for Modern Turkish History
Turkey and the Ottoman Turkish Empire, Bibliography from Mideast Web
Bibliography Economic History of the Ottoman Empire, from UConn
Cyprus Bibliography : Ottoman Rule 1571-1878, from kypros.org
Search RHS Bibliography for the Ottoman Empire
Search UK National Archive Online Library for Ottoman Empire
Tulumba (Store selling Books, Movies in Turkey / in Turkish)
Foundation for Middle East and Balkan Studies, publications
King Bulan's Turkic Bookstore
Journal of Modern Turkish Studies, Ankara 2004-
Publications of Orient-Institut Istanbul : ITS, Pera Blätter
Selected Works on the Ottoman Empire, from The Atatürk Institute for Modern Turkish History
Biographies
Others C. Cetinsaya, Ottoman-British Relations in Iraq and the Gulf 1890-1908 (2005)
Bondarevsky, Turning the Persian Gulf into a British Lake : British Domination of the Indian Ocean in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Century, posted on Maldives Culture

WEB-BIBLIOGRAPHY . . . EXTERNALLY POSTED DOCUMENTS
Lists of Statesmen from World Statesmen (file named Turkey) (B. Cahoon); from Rulers (B. Schemmel; on Turkey); List of the Ottoman Sultans and Caliphs, 1290-1924, from frisian.com
Lists of Ambassadors List of French Ambassadors to Turkey, from Wikipedia (since 1538)
Polscy ambasadorzy w Turcji, from Wikipedia Polish edition
Embajadores de Mexico en Turquia, from Acervo Historico Diplomatico
Document Collections Offoman Fermans, posted by the Turkish Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Documents and Comments on the History of the Ottoman Empire, in English / English translation, posted on Royals Portal
Ottoman Empire, Laws of constitutional character, from Verfassungen.de, in German
Foreign Office (British) : Further Correspondence Respecting the Affairs of Turkey (1878), posted on Internet Archive; Foreign Office (British) : Despatch from his Majesty's Ambassador at Constantinople Summarizing Events that Lead to the Rupture of Relations with Turkey, and Reply Thereto (1914), posted on Internet Archive; Arnold Toynbee, Foreign Office (British) : The Treatment of Armenians in the Ottoman Empire (1916), posted on Internet Archive; Foreign Office (British) : Peace Handbooks (1919-1920), posted on Internet Archive; . 10. Mohammedanism : Turkey in Asia (I), no. 57-60; 162.--v. 11. Turkey in Asia (II), no. 61-66
Search Prassi Italiana di Dirito Internazionale, Indice delle leggi e degli altri atti normativi, for Ottomano, Turchia, Turco, 76/260/111 entries, in Italian
Archives, Musea, Libraries
National Symbols Flag of the Ottoman Empire, from FOTW
Coins, Banknotes Ottoman banknotes and coins, from Ottoman Souvenirs
Ottoman Empire/Turkey, from Encyclopedia of Small Silver Coins
Stamps Ottoman and Near East Philatelic Society
Others

PRINTED REFERENCE
Online Libraries Gutenberg Library Online, keyword Turkey
General Accounts Jason Goodwin, Lords of the Horizons : A History of the Ottoman Empire, Henry Holt 1999, KMLA Lib.Sign. 956.1 G656l
Peter Mansfield, The Ottoman Empire and its Successors, London : MacMillan (1973) 1976 [G]
Norman Itzkowitz, Ottoman Empire and Islamic Tradition, Chicago UP 1972 [G]
Thomas Thornton, The Present State of Turkey (1809), posted by Historical Text Archive
W. Miller, The Ottoman Empire 1801-1913 (1913), posted on Internet Archive
E.S. Creasy, History of Ottoman Turks; from the beginning of their empire to the present time. Chiefly founded on von Hammer (1854), posted on Internet Archive
Colin Imber, The Ottoman Empire 1300-1650, The tructure of Power, London : Palgrave MacMillan 2002 [G]
Charles Swallow, The Sick Man of Europe. Ottoman Empire to Turkish Republic 1789-1923, London : Ernest Benn 1973 [G]
Military History Gabor Agoston, Guns for the Sultan. Military Power and the Weapons Industry in the Ottoman Empire, Cambridge : UP 2005, KMLA Lib.Sign. 338.4 A275g
Edward J. Erickson, Ottoman Army Effectiveness in World War I, a comparative study, London : Routledge 2007 KMLA Lib. Call Sign 940.4 E68c
Andre Gerolymatos, The Balkan Wars. Conquest, Revolution and Retribution from the Ottoman Era to the Twentieth Century and Beyond, NY : Basic Books 2002
Social History Justin McCarthy, Death and Exile. The Ethnic Cleansing of Ottoman Muslims, 1821-1922, Princeton, NJ : Darwin Press 1995 [G]
Raphaela Lewis, Everyday Life in Ottoman Turkey, NY : Dorset Press 1971 [G]
Economic History Halil Inalcik, An Economic and Social History of the Ottoman Empire, Vol.I : 1300-1600, Cambridge : UP 1994, KMLA Lib.Sign. 956.1015 135e v.1
Halil Inalcik and Donald Quataert (ed.), An Economic and Social History of the Ottoman Empire, Vol.2 : 1600-1914, Cambridge : UP 1994, KMLA Lib.Sign. 956.1015 135e v.2
Gülich, Gustav von, Geschichtliche Darstellung des Handels, der Gewerbe und des Ackerbaus der bedeutenden handeltreibenden Staaten unserer Zeit (Historical Description of Trade, Industry and Agriculture of the Important Trading States of Our Time), Jena : Frommann 6 vol.s 1830-1845, chapter : Türkei, vol.4 1844 pp.167-173, in German, posted by DTBSWS
Ottomar Haupt, Währungs-Politik und Münz-Statistik, Berlin : Walther & Apolant 1884, in German, posted by DTBSWS, chapter Türkei
G. Carles, La Turquie Economique (1906) in French, posted on Internet Archive
Regional History Encyclopaedia Britannica, 15th edition, Macropaedia, Vol.28, pp.920-972 Article Turkey and Ancient Anatolia. KMLA Lib.Sign. R 032 B862h v.28
Bernard Lewis, The Emergence of Modern Turkey, Oxford : University Press (1961) 2nd edition 1968, KMLA Lib.Sign. 956.1 L673t
Douglas A. Howard, The History of Turkey, Greenwood 2001, 272 pages; KMLA Lib.Sign. 956.1 H848h (focusses on Anatolia)
Rossitsa Gradeva (ed.), Rumeli under the Ottomans, 15th to 18th Centuries. Institutions and Communities. Istanbul : Isis Press 2004 [G]
W. Forsyth, The Slavonic Provinces South of the Danube (1876), posted on Internet Archive
J.F. Fraser, Pictures from the Balkan (1906), posted on Internet Archive
History of Religion Stephen Runciman, The Great Church in Captivity, Cambridge : UP (1968) 2008 [G]
Local History John Freely, Istanbul, the Imperial City. London : Penguin 1996; KMLA Lib.Sign. 949.618 F854i
Mark Mazower, Salonica. City of Ghosts. Christians,Muslims and Jews 1430-1950, NY : Alfred A. Knopf 2006, KMLA Lib.Sign. 949.565 M476s
K.G. Mostras, Dictionnaire Geographique de l'Empire Ottoman (1873), posted on Internet Archive
E.N. Adler, Jews in many Lands (1905), posted on Internet Archive
G. Rolleston, Report on Smyrna (1856), posted on Internet Archive
C. Humann e.a., Smyrna (1873) in German, posted on Internet Archive
G.R. Fortescue, Russia, the Balkans and the Dardanelles (1915), posted on Internet Archive
The Dardanelles, their Story and their Significance in the Great War (1915), posted on Internet Archive
Specific Periods A.H. Lybyer, The Government of the Ottoman Empire in the Time of Suleiman the Magnificent (1913), posted on Internet Archive
A. Jochmus, The Syrian War and the Decline of the Ottoman Empire 1840-1848 (1883), posted on Internet Archive
J.H. Skene, The Three Ears of Ottoman History (1851), posted on Internet Archive
J. Reid, Turkey and the Turks, being the Present State of the Ottoman Empire (1840), posted on Internet Archive
Primary Sources F. Ongley, The Ottoman Land Code (1892), posted on Internet Archive
Th.E. Holland (ed.), The European Concert in the Eastern Question: A Collection of Treaties and .. (1885), posted on Internet Archive
Treaties Between Turkey and Foreign Powers. 1535-1855 (1855), posted on Internet Archive
I. de Testa, Recueil des traites de la Porte Ottomane avec les puissances etrang?res depuis le premier traite conclu, en 1536, entre Sul?yman I et François I, jusqu'a nos jours, vol.1 (1864), vol.2 (1864), vol.3 (1864), vol.4 (1864), vol.5 (1864), vol.6 (1864), vol.7 (1864), vol.8 (1864), vol.9 (1864), vol.10 (1864), vol.11 (1864), posted on Internet Archive