1939-1975 History of Central Africa






Sao Tome Independent, since 1975



Sao Tome and Principe gained independence in 1975. A ONE-PARTY-SYSTEM was established, MANUEL PINTA DA COSTA becoming the nation's first president; his administration tended toward socialism. The Portuguese settlers left the island, the economy deteriorated.
In 1985, steps were undertaken to liberalize the economy; multiparty elections were introduced in 1990. In 1994, Principe was granted autonomy.





EXTERNAL
FILES
Sao Tome and Principe, History of, from Infoplease
Links to the History of Sao Tome, from Looksmart
DOCUMENTS Map, from CIA World Factbook and from Perry Castaneda Library, UTexas
Banknotes from Ron Wise's World Paper Money
Flag, from FOTW
REFERENCE Gerhard Seibert, Comrades, Clients and Cousins. Colonialism, Socialism and Democratization in Sao Tome and Principe, Leiden 1999, 455 pp.
Article Sao Tome and Principe, from : Britannica Book of the Year 1976 p.608 (on events in 1975) [G]
Article Sao Tome and Principe, from : Britannica Book of the Year 1977 p.608 (on events in 1976) [G]
Article Sao Tome and Principe, from : Britannica Book of the Year 1978 p.624 (on events in 1977) [G]
Article Sao Tome and Principe, from : Britannica Book of the Year 1979 pp.615-616 (on events in 1978) [G]
Article Sao Tome and Principe, from : Britannica Book of the Year 1980 pp.612-613 (on events in 1979) [G]
Article Sao Tome and Principe, from : Britannica Book of the Year 1981 p.613 (on events in 1980) [G]
Article Sao Tome and Principe, from : Britannica Book of the Year 1982 pp.613-614 (on events in 1981) [G]
Article Sao Tome and Principe, from : Britannica Book of the Year 1983 pp.608-609 (on events in 1982) [G]
Article Sao Tome and Principe, from : Britannica Book of the Year 1984 p.611 (on events in 1983) [G]
Article Sao Tome and Principe, from : Britannica Book of the Year 1985 pp.472, 772 (on events in 1984) [G]
Article Sao Tome and Principe, from : Britannica Book of the Year 1986 pp.466, 771 (on events in 1985) [G]
Article Sao Tome and Principe, from : Britannica Book of the Year 1988 pp.395-396, 691 (on events in 1987) [G]
Article Sao Tome and Principe, from : Britannica Book of the Year 1989 pp.395, 691 (on events in 1988) [G]
Article Sao Tome and Principe, from : Britannica Book of the Year 1990 pp.412, 707 (on events in 1989) [G]
Article Sao Tome and Principe, in : Britannica Book of the Year 1993 pp.368, 707 (on events in 1992) [G]
Article Sao Tome and Principe, in : Britannica Book of the Year 1994 pp.366, 706 (on events in 1993) [G]
Article Sao Tome and Principe, in : Britannica Book of the Year 1995 pp.465-46, 706 (on events in 1994) [G]
Article : Sao Tome, in : Statesman's Yearbook 1978-1979 pp.1033-1034 (data of 1977-1978) [G]
Article : Sao Tome, in : Statesman's Yearbook 1980-1981 pp.1037-1038 (data of 1979-1980) [G]
Article : Sao Tome, in : Statesman's Yearbook 1983-1984 pp.1036-1037 (data of 1982-1983) [G]
Article : Sao Tome, in : Statesman's Yearbook 1984-1985 pp.1033-1034 (data of 1983-1984) [G]
Article : Sao Tome, in : Statesman's Yearbook 1985-1986 pp.1035-1036 (data of 1984-1985) [G]
Article : Sao Tome, in : Statesman's Yearbook 1987-1988 pp.1039-1040 (data of 1986-1987) [G]
Article : Sao Tome, in : Statesman's Yearbook 1988-1989 pp.1043-1044 (data of 1987-1988) [G]
Article : Sao Tome, in : Statesman's Yearbook 1989-1990 pp.1055-1056 (data of 1988-1989) [G]
Article : Sao Tome, in : Statesman's Yearbook 1990-1991 pp.1056-1057 (data of 1989-1990) [G]
Article : Sao Tome, in : Statesman's Yearbook 1991-1992 pp.1057-1058 (data of 1990-1991) [G]
Article : Sao Tome, in : Statesman's Yearbook 1992-1993 pp.1145-1146 (data of 1991-1992) [G]
Article : Sao Tome, in : Statesman's Yearbook 1993-1994 pp.1143-1144 (data of 1992-1993) [G]
Article : Sao Tome, in : Statesman's Yearbook 1994-1995 pp.1143-1145 (data of 1993-1994) [G]
Article : Sao Tome e Principe, in : Statesman's Yearbook 1995-1996 pp.1135-1138 (data of 1994-1995) [G]
Article : Sao Tome e Principe, in : Statesman's Yearbook 1996-1997 pp.1111-1113 (data of 1995-1996) [G]
Article : Sao Tome e Principe, in : Statesman's Yearbook 1997-1998 pp.1113-1116 (data of 1996-1997) [G]
Article : Sao Tome e Principe, in : Statesman's Yearbook 1998-1999 pp.1214-1217 (data of 1997-1998) [G]
Article : Sao Tome e Principe, in : Statesman's Yearbook 2000 pp.1360-1363 (data of 1998-1999) [G]
Article : Sao Tome e Principe, in : Statesman's Yearbook 2001 pp.1323-1326 (data of 1999-2000) [G]
Article : Sao Tome e Principe, in : Statesman's Yearbook 2002 pp.1378-1381 (data of 2000-2001) [G]
Article : Sao Tome e Principe, in : Statesman's Yearbook 2003 pp.1377-1380 (data of 2001-2002) [G]
Article : Sao Tome e Principe, in : Statesman's Yearbook 2004 pp.1382-1385 (data of 2002-2003) [G]
Article : Sao Tome e Principe, in : Statesman's Yearbook 2005 pp.1392-1395 (data of 2003-2004) [G]
Article : Sao Tome and Principe, in : The World in Figures 1st ed. 1976 p.91 [G]
Article : Sao Tome and Principe, in : The World in Figures 2nd ed. 1978 p.91 [G]
Article : Sao Tome and Principe, in : The World in Figures 4th ed. 1984 pp.90-91 [G]
Entry : Travel Warning - Sao Tome and Principe, pp.591-592, in : Countries of the World and their Leaders Yearbook, 2000, Supplement [G]
Entry : Democratic Republic of Sao Tome and Principe, Cabinet, p.86; in : Countries of the World and their Leaders Yearbook, 2003 [G]
Entry : Sao Tome & Principe, pp.878-879 in : IMF, International Financial Statistics Yearbook 2001 [G]
Article : Sao Tome and Principe, in : Americana Annual 1976 p.481 (on events of 1975) [G]



This page is part of World History at KMLA
First posted in 2001, last revised on October 20th 2006

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