History of Uzbekistan Turkestan SSR 1918-1924









General Governorate of Turkestan


Established in 1867, consisting of Syr Darya, Semirechye Oblasts and Zeravshan Okrug. In 1873 Amu Darya Otdel, in 1876 Ferghana Oblast annexed; in 1882 Semirechye Oblast ceded to General Governorate of the Steppe. In 1897 Transcaspian Oblast (hitherto to General Governorate Caucasia) and Semirechye Oblast annexed. Capital Tashkent. The General Governorate of Turkestan in her borders of 1898 was split in two by the Emirates of Bukhara and Khiva, Russian vassall states since 1868 respectively 1873.
The Transcaspian Railway, from Uzun Ada on the Caspian Sea, reached Samarkand in 1888, Tashkent in 1897. In 1906 direct rail link with Orenburg was established, facilitating a stronger influx of Russian immigrants.

A remote border region within the Russian Empire, long under military administration, Turkestan was administrated by an ethnic Russian elite with little sympathy for the native Muslim population. Excesses of a corrupt administration were most manifest in the Transcaspian region (Pahlen Report 1908-1910). When Muslim men, hitherto exempt from military service, were forced to join labour battalions, the Basmachi Revolt broke out, which was only defeated in 1922-1923.






EXTERNAL
FILES
Major Events relevant to Central Asian History (since 1600), from oxuscom
Article Basmachi Revolt, from Wikipedia
Basmachi. Turkistan National Liberation Movement, 1916-1930s, by H.B. Paksoy
Basmachi Rebellion 1916-1931, from ACED
Article Russian Turkestan, Transcaspian Region, Transcaspian Railway, Trans-Aral Railway, Tashkent History, Samarkand History, Basmachi Revolt, from Wikipedia
DOCUMENTS List of Statesmen of Turkestan ASSR, from World Statesmen
Basmachi Movement from Within : Account of Zeki Velidi Togan, by H.B. Paksoy, from Archive of Turkish Oral Narrative
REFERENCE



This page is part of World History at KMLA
First posted on October 13th 2007

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