History of Iran Persia 1914-1918






Persia 1883-1914


In 1883, Persia and the United States entered in diplomatic relations. In 1891, Persians staged a successful boycott against the TOBACCO MONOPOLY held by the British. In 1900, Shah Muzaffar ad-Din (since 1896) visited Europe. In 1906 the first NATIONAL ASSEMBLY (Majlis) met, a CONSTITUTION was signed; in the ANGLO-RUSSIAN ENTENTE of 1907 Britain and Russia partition Persia in three zones, a Russian sphere of interest in the north including capital Tehran, a British sphere in the southeast and a neutral zone between.
In 1908 the new Shah revoked the constitution and ordered his troops to attack the building where the Majlis met; however massive resistance all over the country caused him to flee the country; he was declared deposed, the constitution reinstated (1909). In 1908 oil was found in Khuzistan; production by the ANGLO-PERSIAN OIL COMPANY began in 1911.
In 1910 the population of Iran was estimated at 9,000,000, that of Tehran at 280,000, that of Tabriz at 200,000, that of Isfahan at 70,000.






EXTERNAL
FILES 		History of Iran, from Persian Outpost
Timeline of Iranian History, from Encyclopedia of the Orient
Library of Congress, Country Studies : Iran
Catholic Encyclopedia, Article Persia (1911 edition)
DOCUMENTS The Anglo-Russian Entente of 1907, from Avalon Project, from World War I Document Archive
Het Perzisch vraagpunt. (The Persian Question), Dutch language magazine article of 1911, from Ons Volk Ontwaakt
De Toestand in Perzie (The Conditions inPersia), Dutch language magazine article of 1912, from Ons Volk Ontwaakt
Iranian Statesmen, from World Statesmen (B. Cahoon)
Historical Population Statistics : Iran, from Population Statistics (J. Lahmeyer)
REFERENCE Antony Wynn, Persia in the Great Game. Sir Percy Sykes. Explorer, Consul, Soldier, Spy. London : John Murray 2003 [G]
Edward G. Browne, The Persian Revolution 1905-1909, Washington : Mage 2006, KMLA Lib.Sign. 955.051 B882p
Janet Afary, The Iranian Constitutional Revolution 1906-1911, NY : Columbia UP 1996, KMLA Lib.Sign. 320.955 A256i
Article : Persia, in : Britannica Book of the Year 1913 pp.1112-1119 [G]
Article : Persia, in : Statesman's Year Book 1895 pp.809-819, 1898 pp.809-819, 1901 pp.904-916, 1905 pp.981-994, 1910 pp.1085-1096 [G]
Article : Persia, in : International Year Book 1899 p.636, 1900 pp.717-719 [G]
Article : Persia, in : New International Year Book 1907 pp.609-612, 1908 pp.544-547, 1909 pp.565-568, 1913 pp.532-534, 1914 pp.537-538 [G]
Article : Persia, in : Appleton's Annual Cyclopedia and Register of Important Events 1902 pp.529-533 [G]



This page is part of World History at KMLA
First posted on May 28th 2002, last revised on April 16th 2007

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