Shaanxi | Hebei |
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History of the Territory of the Modern Province of Shanxi Southern Shanxi was under the Xia Dynasty (1989-1558 BC), which was followed by the Shang Dynasty (1558-1046 BC) and the Zhou Dynasty (1046-220 BC). After the sack of Xi'an in 771, the Zhou Dynasty disintegrated (Spring and Autumn period 770-403, Warring States period 403-220), southern and central Shanxi came under Jin, NE Shanxi under Zongshan. In 403, Jin was partitioned into Zhao (N), Wei (S), with Shangtang being an exclave belonging to Han. Zongshan became a vassall of Han before being annexed by Zhao. By 221 BC Zhao, Wei and Han had been annexed by Qin (221-206), which was followed by Western Han (206 BC - 8 AD), Xin (8-22) and Eastern Jin. From 220 to 265, Shanxi belonged to Cao Wei, from 265 to 317 to Western Jin, then to Former Zhao (318-329 ) Later Zhao (329-353), Former Yan (337-370), Former Qin (351-394), Later Qin and Western Yan (384-394), the latter being absorbed by Later Yan (394-409), which fell to Wei. Wei then expanded establishing the Northern Dynasties (Northern Wei, Eastern Wei, Western Wei, Northern Qi, Northern Zhou), which were followed by Sui (581-618), Tang (618-907). Then southern Shanxi fell under the Five Dynasties (907-960), followed by Northern Song (960-1127); northern Shanxi came under Liao (918-1125). Shanxi was reunited under Jin 1127-1234, which was annexed by Yuan 1234-1368. Shanxi then came under Ming 1368-1644 and Qing 1644-1911. During the Republic of China 1911-1949, Shanxi saw frequent change of governments. From 1912 to 1925 under the Northern Government. In 1926, Shanxi "Warlord" Yen Hsi-shan recognised the Chiang Kai Shek administration, but in 1929 plotted against him, was ousted but returned soon after. From 1937 onward, most of Shanxi was occupied by the Japanese; from 1940 to 1945 the Japanese-held part of Shanxi was under the collaborationist Wang Jingwei administration (Nanjing). From 1946 to 1949 Shanxi was battleground between communist forces and those of Yen Hsi-shan. Since 1949, Shanxi forms part of the People's Republic of China History of the Shanxi as a Chinese Province Under the Han Dynasty, eastern Shanxi formed part of Ji province, western Shanxi of Bing province, small stretches of southern Shanxi of Zili province. Under Western Jin, Zili province became Si province. Under Sui, all of Shanxi was part of Ji province. Under Tang, the territory of Shanxi largely was covered by Hedong province, a unit maintained under Northern Song. Under Jin, Hedong province was split into Eastern and Western Hedong. Under the Yuan Dynasty, Shanxi was part of the centrally administratyed area (= Zhili). Under Ming, the province of Shanxi was created; it remained a province under Qing, the Republic of China and the People's Republic of China. Timeline : Shanxi |
DIRECTORY OF INTERNET SOURCES . . . EXTERNAL FILES |
Country Profiles |
from Wikipedia |
Links, General |
Historical Dictionary |
Encyclopedia of China, from Jongo Knows |
Historical Maps |
Northeastern China Political, from
Albert Herrmann, History and Commercial Atlas of China (1935), posted by huhai.net Map : Languages of China, from Titus |
Timelines |
click here History of the Administrative Divisions of China, Capitals of Subnational Entities of China, from Wikipedia |
Accounts of History |
from Wikipedia List of Current and Former Capitals of Subnational Entities of China, from Wikipedia; scroll down for Shanxi |
Encyclopedia Entries |
Article Shan-Si, from EB 1911 Article Schansi, from Pierer's Universal-Lexikon 1857-1865, in German, posted by Zeno Article Schansi, from Meyers Konversationslexikon 1885-1892, in German, posted by Retro Bibliothek Article Schansi, from Meyers Grosses Konversationslexikon 1902-1909, in German, posted by Zeno |
Politics |
Concentration Camps Today : Shanxi and Shaanxi, from
ATTAC |
Economy |
Randall Morck and Fan Yang,
The Shanxi Banks, Corporate Governance with Chinese Characteristics 2009 (Qing) |
Ethnography |
Article : Jin Chinese, from Wikipedia |
History of Religion |
Metropolitan Archdiocese of Taiyuan,
Diocese of Datong,
Diocese of Fenyang,
Diocese of Hongdong,
Apostolic Prefecture of Jiangzhou,
Diocese of Shuozhou,
Diocese of Yuci, from GCatholic List of Buddhist Temples : China : Shanxi, from Wikipedia Foguan monastery, (in) Taihuai, Luohou monastery, (in) Wutaishan, Nanchan monastery, (in) Taihuai, Nanshan monastery, (near) Taihuai, Tayuan monastery, (in) Taihuai, Xiantong monastery, (in) Taihuai, from Monastic Asia The Temple Treasures of Shanxi, from China Daily Guandi Temple, Shanxi Province, from Cultural China Chongyang Temple (Hu County, Shanxi), from General Presentation of Daoism Hanging Temple of Hengshan, from Atlas Obscura Xuangongsi Hanging Temple, Shanxi, from Asian Historical Architecture Taiyuan Ancient Mosque, from China Culture |
History of Regions |
Prefectures of China, from www.statoids.com |
History of Cities |
Treaty Ports, Foreign Concessions & Colonies in 1920es China, list compiled by
Phil Abbey History of Taiyuan, from China Window, from Wikipedia |
Structures, Institutions |
Structurae : Shanxi Article Shanxi University, from Wikipedia Article Taiyuan Wusu Airport, from Wikipedia |
Special Topics |
Shanxi Merchants in Yangloudong Tea Area since Qing Dynasty, summary of Chinese language article, posted on
Shvoong Ancient Passes in Shanxi, summary of Chinese language article, posted on Shvoong |
Bibliography |
Datenbasis Internationale Beziehungen und Länderkunde
(Data Base on International Relations and Country Studies), keywords Shensi, Shanxi (site in German, most titles listed in English;
hundreds of entries; publications mostly since 1970) |
DIRECTORY OF INTERNET SOURCES . . . EXTERNALLY POSTED DOCUMENTS |
Lists of Statesmen |
Provinces and administrative divisions of China, from
World Statesmen China Administrative Divisions, from rulers.org |
Population Figures |
China, historical population statistics by province, from
Population Statistics, posted at Univ. Utrecht Shanxi, from UNESCAP Chinadata City Populations : China - Shanxi, from City Population PRC, Abortions and Live Births by Region, Historical Data, from Johnston's Archive Shanxi, from Database of the Basic Conditions of Family Planning Programme at CIPRC (Text on Demography, 1999) |
Document Collections |
Search USC Digital Library for Shansi, Shanxi |
Archives |
China Archives Information on the Web, scroll down for Shanxi China Museums, scroll down for Shanxi |
Coins |
Search Coin Archives for Shansi Shansi Coins 1821-1912, from Numismaticon |
PRINTED REFERENCE |
General Accounts |
C.D. Bruce, The Provinces of China, together with a history of the first year of H.I.M. Hsuan Tung, and an account of the government of China (1910), posted on
Internet Archive (includes data of 1913); Shansi pp.15-20 Th.J. Cochrane, Survey of the missionary occupation of China (1913), posted on Internet Archive, on Shansi pp.237-253 M. Broomhall, The Chinese empire: a general & missionary survey .. (1907), posted on Internet Archive, on Shansi pp.209-223 W.E. Geil, Eighteen Capitals of China (1911), posted on Internet Archive, Taiyuanfu pp.370-386 Claudius Madrolle, Northern China, the valley of the Blue River, Korea (1912), posted on Internet Archive, Shan-hsi pp.179-200 N.G. Gee, The educational directory for China; an account of the various schools and colleges connected with Protestant missions (1905), posted on Internet Archive Shansi pp.11, 48-50, 65, 115, 117 |