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| Estonia |
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Lithuania |
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| Estonia |
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Lithuania |
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Latvia since 1991 Latvia 1949-1991 Latvia 1945-1949 Latvia 1939-1945 Latvia 1934-1939 Latvia 1922-1934 Latvia 1918-1922 For the History prior to 1918, click on Courland Gubernia, Livonia Gubernia, Vitebsk Gubernia Historical Atlas : Latvia Page |
| E x t e r n a l . F i l e s |
| Country Profiles | Links, Portals | Organizations | Accounts of History | Politics | Military History | Economic History |
| Social History | Ethnography | History of Religion | Regional History | Local History | Institutions | Culture |
| Biography | Others |
| D o c u m e n t s |
| Historical Data | Documents | Institutions | National Symbols |
| P r i n t e d . R e f e r e n c e |
| Bibliographies | Online Libraries | Online Journals | General Accounts | Specific Topics | Historical Dictionaries | Others |
| WEB-BIBLIOGRAPHY . . . EXTERNAL FILES |
| Country Profiles |
from BBC Country Profiles;
from World Desk Reference ;
from Nations Encyclopedia;
from Wikipedia;
from CIA World Factbook, countries - Latvia Library of Congress, Country Studies : Latvia |
| Links, General |
from Library of Congress, Portals to the World;
from BUBL; from SSEES |
| Links, on History |
from Virtual Library History,
from Virtual Library Economic and Business History |
| Organizations |
Baltische Historische Kommission, page in German;
Latvia's History Commission, from MOFA Latvia Latvijas Muzeju Biedriba (in Latvian) Latvian Genealogical Society; Association of the Four Baltic Noble Corporations, Livonia, Estonia, Courland, and Oesel (Baltische Ritterschaften); click Livonia, Kurland (Livländische Ritterschaft; Kurländische Ritterschaft) Institut für Kultur und Geschichte der Deutschen in Nordosteuropa at Universität Hamburg Latvijas Institute Latvijas Vestures Skolotaju Asociacija (Latvian History Teachers Association) |
| Historical Dictionaries |
Enzyklopädie des Europäischen Ostens,
in German |
| Timelines |
Timeline, from timelines.ws, from
BBC News |
| Accounts of History | General, Modern |
History of Latvia, from vernet History, Language, Identity and Culture of Latvia. A Brief Synopsis, from Lettland.nu History of Latvia, from Latvian Institute Article History of Latvia, from Wikipedia |
| General, Historical |
The Story of Latvia (1949), by
Arveds Svabe |
| Specific Periods |
Articles : Latvian National Awakening,
Latvian War of Independence,
Soviet Occupation of Latvia
in 1940/A>, Occupation of Lavia
by Nazi Germany, The Holocaust
in Latvia, Latvian Resistance
Movement,
Occupation of Latvia by the Soviet Union 1944-1945,
Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic,
from Wikipedia Georg von Rauch, The Baltic States : The Years of Independence. Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania, 1917-1940, (1970) trsl. from the German by Gerald Onn, 1974, GB |
| Historiography |
Butkus Zenonas,
Romantic Baltophylia in Latvian Historiography, Lietuvos Istorijos Studios 4 Evaluation of History, from MOFA Latvia Szintra Liepina, Developments in the History Education in Latvia, on Euroclio |
| Politics | General |
Political Resources on the Web : Latvia;
For the Record 2000 : Livonia, from UN Human Rights System Article Politics of Latvia, from Wikipedia |
| Political Parties, Movements |
Catergory : POlitical Parties in Latvia
, Political Movements in Latvia
, from Wikipedia |
| Political Histtory |
Concentration Camps Today : (Soviet) Latvia, from
ATTAC |
| Foreign Relations |
Category : Foreign Relations of
Latvia, from Wikipedia |
| Military |
Wars of Latvia 1800-1999, from ACED Latvian War Museum, English directory Article : Latvian War of Independence, from Wikipedia |
| Economy & Finances |
A Global History of Currencies :
Latvia Article Economy of Latvia, from Wikipedia History of theNordic Exchange; Latvian Chamber of Commerce and Industry Development of the Latvian Textile Industry, from Latvian Subcontracting Industrial Heritage in Latvia, by Andris Biedrins Global Integrity : Latvia 2007 Latvia, from European Textile Network (historical sites) Windmills in Latvia, from Windmill World |
| Social History |
| Ethnography |
Languages of Latvia, from Ethnologue National Minorities of Latvia, from Latvian Institute Assessment for Russians in Latvia, from Minorities at Risk; Russians in Latvia, History, Current Status and Prospects, from MOFA Latvia Latvia, from European Centre for Minority Issues World Directory of Minorities and Indigenous Peoples : Latvia Article : History of Russians in Latvia , from Wikipedia |
| Religion |
Chronology of Catholic Dioceses - Latvia, from Kirken i Norge Jewish Virtual History Tour : Latvia; Latvia, from International Association of Jewish Genealogical Societies - Cemetery Project Category Religion in Latvia, from Wikipedia Article Latvian Orthodox Church : History, from Wikipedia |
| History of Regions |
see History of Courland (Kurzeme),
History of Livonia (Vidzeme), Vitebsk Gubernia History of Latgale, from Latgale Research Center, from Wikipedia |
| Local History |
History of Riga, from Wikipedia, from
Virtual Jewish History Tour,
from Riga Municipality Portal History of Jelgava (Mitau), from Wikipedia History of Liepaja (Libau), from About Liepaja |
| Institutions | Transportation |
The State Lines of Latvia, from Mike's Railway Museum History of Latvian Television Latvia, from Airline History Structurae : Latvia; Search Lighthouse Explorer for Latvia |
| Academic Institutions |
History of Riga Technical Universiy |
| Edifices |
Structurae : Belgium;
Search Lighthouse Explorer for Belgium |
| Culture |
The Early History of Latvian Books, by Nicholas Viksnins History of Latvian Literature, Music in Latvia, by Latvian Institute History of Latvia's Film Industry, from Latfilma |
| Biographies |
| Others |
Alcohol and Drugs History Society : Latvia Freemasonry in Latvia : A Short Overview, from Grand Lodge of Latvia Articles Latvia at the Olympics, Sport in Latvia, from Wikipedia; Sports in Latvia : A Historical Overview, from Latvian Institute Disaster History by Country : Latvia, from Relief Web Latvia : Bilateral Relations, from MOFA Latvia, with fils on history of relations with individual countries Palearctic Ecoregion, from WWF |
| WEB-BIBLIOGRAPHY . . . EXTERNALLY POSTED DOCUMENTS |
| Historical Data | Lists of Statesmen |
from World Statesmen (B. Cahoon);
from Rulers (B. Schemmel);
from World Rulers (E. Schulz, illustrated) |
| Lists of Ambassadors |
List of Ambassadors of the United Kingdom to Latvia, from
Wikipedia;
Liste der deutschen Botschafter in Riga, from
Wikipedia German edition;
List of Soviet and Russian Ambassadors to Latvia, from Wikipedia Russian edition Article : U.S. Ambassador to Latvia, from Wikipedia Heads of Canadian Legation / Embassy in Riga (since 1991), from MOFA Canada |
| Population Figures |
Historical Population Statistics : Latvia, from Population Statistics (Jan Lahmeyer) Historical Abortion Statistics - Latvia, from Johnston's Archive |
| Election Results |
from Psephos (since 1998);
from IFES Election Guide (since 1998);
from Electoral Geography 2.0 (since 1998) Elections and Electoral Systems around the world : Latvia, from Area Studies, at Keele |
| Documents | Historical Newspapers |
Kranten Historisch [historical newspapers],
scroll down for Lettland Newspapers (Periodicals), from National Library of Latvia : Digital Library Life Magazine, 1936-1972, Search for "Latvia", search all issues; 162 Latvia articles, GB |
| Modern Newspapers | links from Online Newspapers, from World Newspapers |
| Online Yearbooks - Latvia Entries |
| Newsreels |
| Films on History/Society |
Latvia Film Archives linked by National Film Preservation Board (U.S.) Filmarchives Online (Europe-wide); National Film Center of Latvia; Latvia State Archive of Audiovisual Documents Article : Cinema of Latvia, from Wikipedia Latvia, from Cinema of the World List of Latvian Films, from Wikipedia; Latvia Film, from IMDb |
| Image Databanks |
Wikimedia Commons : Latvia License Plates, from Francoplaque, from License Plates of the World Passport, from World Passports; scroll down Airline Timetable Images : Latvia |
| Archival Deposits | Online |
Search CIA Released Documents for Latvia |
| Archival Deposits | Catalogue Online |
Latvia Documents, at Central Archive for
the History of the Jewish People, Jerusalem P.K. Grimsted, Archives and manuscript repositories in the USSR, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and Belorussia, 1981, IA Guide to the Hoover Institution Archives 1980, GB ; search for Latvia |
| Constitutions, Laws |
List of Ratifications of International Labour Conventions by Latvia, from
ILO, 45 docs. since 1921 Internet Law Library : Latvia Verfassungen der Republik Lettland (Constitutions of the Republic of Latvia), from verfassungen.de, in German |
| Treaties | General Treaty Collections |
| Bilateral Treaty Collections |
Australian Treaty Series :
Bilateral Treaties - Latvia Documents : LETTONIE - RUSSIE, Traites et documents de base (docs in English); complete list (many of the docs available only in French) Latvia, pp.515-557 in vol.9 of Treaties and Other International Agreements of the United States of America 1776-1949, 1972, GB |
| Document Collections |
F.G. von Bunge, Liv-, Est- und Kurländisches Urkundenbuch und Regesten
vol.II : 1301-1367, 1855,
vol.III : supplements, 1368-1393, 1857,
vol.VI : supplements 1875,
2nd Series vol.1 : 1495-1500, 1900,
2nd Series vol.2 : 1501-1505, 1905,
posted on Internet Archive Monumenta Livoniae Antiqua. Sammlung von Chroniken, Berichten, Urkunden und andern schriftlichen Denkmälern und Aufsätzen, welche zur Erläterung der Geschichte Liv-, Ehst- und Kurland's dienen, vol.1 1835, vol.2 1839, vol.3 1840, vol.4 1844, vol.5 1847, posted on Internet Archive Documents on Latvian history in English translation, posted by latvians.com Making the History of 1989 : Latvia |
| Individual Documents |
| Historical Maps |
click here Maps : Latvia 1921 (Andrees Handatlas 7th edition 1921 1st print, 2nd print, posted by M. Witkam Maps, from National Library of Latvia, Digital Library |
|
Historical Encyclopedia Entries |
General |
Articles Latvia,
Courland,
Livonia,
Riga,
Libau,
Mitau,
Wenden,
Dvinsk, from EB 1911 Articles Letten, Kurland, Livland, Riga, Libau, Mitau, Dünaburg, Dünamünde, Wenden (scroll down), from Meyers Konversationslexikon 1885-1892, in German |
| Religious |
Articles Mitau,
Riga,
Libau,
Dvinsk (Dünaburg),
Courland,
from Jewish Encyclopedia 1901-1906 |
| Economic |
| Geographical |
| Historical |
| Parliamentary Debates |
| Tour Guides |
K. Baedeker, La Russie: manuel du voyageur,
1897,
1902, in French, posted on Internet Archive K. Baedeker, Russland : Handbuch für Reisende, 1888, in German, posted on Internet Archive K. Baedeker, St. Petersburg und Umgebung: Handbuch für Reisende 1901, in German, posted on Internet Archive |
| Institutions | Archives |
Latvijas Arhivi (Latvian National Historical Archives);
website does not offer an English version Repositories of Primary Sources : Europe : Latvia, from Univ. of Idaho. Mostly Archive Webpages, 3 entries Historical Research in Europe, listing of archives; click Atlas Search, Latvia, 13 entries Foreign Ministry Archives Services of the European Union Member States : Latvia, from Consilium Europa |
| Musea |
Category : Museums in Latvia,
from Wikipedia Museum of the Occupation of Latvia 1940-1991 |
| Monuments |
Category : Monuments
and Memorials in Latvia,
from Wikipedia Tentative List : Latvia, World Heritage List, scroll down for Latvia; from UNESCO World Heritage Windmills in Latvia, from Windmill World |
| Libraries |
Libraries in Latvia, from LibDex, 11 entries History of the Latvian National Library, from The European Library |
| National Symbols | Flags, Coats of Arms |
Flag, from FOTW; Coat of Arms, from
International Civic Heraldry;
National Anthem, from National Anthems Net |
| Coins, Banknotes |
Banknotes of Latvia, from World Currency Museum; from
Ron Wise's World Paper Money Latvia Coins, from Don's World Coin Gallery |
| Stamps |
Latvia Stamps 1918, from Stamps Catalogue 1840-1920 by Evert Klaseboer;
Trekk fra Latvias historie illustrert ved hjelp av frimerker og post (Stages in Latvia's History, illustrated by postage stamps and letters),
by J.F. Haanes, in Norwegian |
| PRINTED REFERENCE |
| Bibliographies | general |
Datenbasis Internationale Beziehungen und Länderkunde
(Data Base on International Relations and Country Studies) (site in German, most titles listed in English;
numerous entries; publications mostly since 1970) RHS Bibliography UK National Archive Online Library |
| on Latvia |
National Bibliography Databases, from
National Library of Latvia |
|
on Specific Issues Concerning Latvia |
Latvia Bibliography, from European
Centre for Minority Issues Publikationen, from IKGN Northern Crusades Bibliography, from Crusades Encyclopedia |
| Online Libraries | general |
Internet Archives Gutenberg Library Online e-corpus |
| on Latvia |
National Library of Latvia : Digital-Library Central and Eastern European Online Library Virtual Library Eastern Europe, maintained in Germany, most sources in German |
| Online Journals | full text online |
Newspapers (Periodicals), from National Library of
Latvia : Digital Library |
| Historiography |
Article : Latvian Historiography, by A. Plakans, pp.545-546, in vol.2 of A Global Encyclopedia of Historical Writing, NY 1998 [G] |
| General Accounts |
Adrian Webb, The Longman Companion to Central and Eastern Europe since 1919, London etc.: Longman 2002 [G] Andrejs Plakans, The Latvians, a Short History, Stanford : Hoover Institution Press 1995, 257 pp. [G] |
| Specific Topics |
Valentins Silamikelis, With the Baltic Flag through Three Occupations, Riga : Jumava, Engl. edition 2002, 317 pp. [G] Frederic T. Harned, Latvia and the Latvians, pp.94-117 in : Zev Katz et al. (ed.), Handbook of Major Soviet Nationalities, NY : The Free Press 1975 [G] Kevin O'Connor, The History of the Baltic States, Westport CT : Greenwood 2003, KMLA Lib.Sign. 947.9 O18h Latvia, pp.98-100, in : Derek H. Aldcroft, Europe's Third World. The European Periphery in the Interwar Years. Leicester : UP 2006, KMLA Lib. Call Sign 940.09724 A357e |
| Historical Dictionary | Andrejs Plakans, Historical Dictionary of Latvia, Lanham Md. : Scarecrow 1997 |
