ÿþ<html> <head> <title> WHKMLA : Timelines : Sindh </title> <!-- copyright Alexander Ganse, 2004-2007 --> </head> <body bgcolor="grey" text="black" link="blue" vlink="red" alink="brown"> <style> <!-- A{ font-weight: bold; font-size: 10pt; font-face: arial; } --> </style> <DIV align ="center"> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD align = "center" valign = "center"> <A HREF = "../../index.html"> <img src = "../../whkmla2.jpg" border = "0"></a></TD></TR></TABLE> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD width = "150" height = "36" align = "center" valign = "center"> <font size = "2" face = "arial"><B> </b></font></TD> <TD width = "36" height = "36" align = "center" valign = "center"> <img src = "../../region/arrowleft.gif" width = "36" height = "36" border = "0"> </a></TD> <TD align = "center" valign = "center"> <A HREF = "xsindh.html"> <img src = "../banners/bansindh.jpg" border = "0"> </TD> <TD width = "36" height = "36" align = "center" valign = "center"> <img src = "../../region/arrowright.gif" width = "36" height = "36" border = "0"> </a></TD> <TD width = "100" height = "36" align = "center" valign = "center"> <font size = "2" face = "arial"><B> </b></font></TD></TR></TABLE> <font size = "3" face = "arial"><B><i>First posted on October 28th 2004, last revised on June 9th 2006 </i></b></font><BR><BR><BR><BR> <script language="JavaScript"> <!-- function SymError() { return true; } window.onerror = SymError; //--> </script> <script type="text/javascript"><!-- google_ad_client = "pub-5834279270464755"; google_alternate_color = "FFFFE1"; google_ad_width = 728; google_ad_height = 90; google_ad_format = "728x90_as"; google_ad_channel ="4814426207"; google_ad_type = "text"; //2007-02-17: MIT_ Ganse google_ad_channel = "0420158018"; google_color_border = "FF3300"; google_color_bg = "FFFFE1"; google_color_link = "0000CC"; google_color_url = "008000"; google_color_text = "6F6F6F"; //--></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js"> </script> <BR><BR><BR> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD align = "center" valign = "center" width = "900"> <font face = "Times Roman" size = "5"><B> Timeline : Sindh </B></font> </TD></TR></TABLE> <BR><BR> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD align = "left" valign = "center" width = "110"> <font face = "Times Roman" size = "2"> 711 <BR> 1058 <BR> 1225 <BR> c.1228 <BR> 1249 <BR> 1351 <BR> 1519 <BR> 1554 <BR> 1555 <BR> 1592 <BR> 1625 <BR> 1658 <BR> 1701 <BR> 1739 <BR> 1747 <BR><BR> 1768 <BR> 1775 <BR> 1783 <BR><BR> 1795 <BR> 1801 <BR> 1803 <BR> 1811 <BR> 1813 <BR> 1823 <BR><BR> 1828 <BR> 1832 <BR> 1838 <BR> 1843 <BR> 1847 <BR> 1851 <BR> 1851 <BR> 1851 <BR> 1878 <BR> 1885 <BR> 1901 <BR><BR> 1903 <BR> 1908 <BR> 1937 <BR> 1947 <BR><BR> 1947 <BR> 1947 <BR> 1955 <BR> </font></TD> <TD align = "left" valign = "center" width = "600"> <font face = "Times Roman" size = "2"> Arab conquest of Sindh <BR> Somra Dynasty established independence from Abbasid Caliphate <BR> Khwarizm Shah fled Genghis Khan's army, through Sindh <BR> Sindh defeated, annexed by Sultan Iltutmush of Delhi <BR> End of Somra (Sumra, Sumrah) Dynasty <BR> Samma Dynasty assumed rule over Lower Sindh <BR> End of Samma Dynasty, begin of Arghun Dynasty <BR> End of the Arghun Dynasty, begin of the Turkhan Dynasty <BR> Portuguese fleet sacked Thatta, capital of Sindh <BR> Sindh conquered by Akbar, annexed into the Moghul Empire <BR> End of the rule of the Turkhan Dynasty (governors of Sindh) <BR> E.I.C. factory opened in Thatta <BR> Kalhora rulers reestablished independence of Sindh <BR> Sindh conquered by Persian ruler Nadir Shah <BR> Upon death of Persian ruler Nadir Shah, Sindh independence was restored under <BR> Kalhora Dynasty <BR> Hyderabad founded as new capital of Sindh, by Ghulam Shah Kalhora <BR> E.I.C. factory in Thatta closed down <BR> Kalhora Dynasty defeated by Talpurs in Battle of Halani; begin of Talpur Dynasty; under <BR> Taipuirs Sindh divided in 3 states - Hyderabad, Khayrpur, State of Mirpur Khas <BR> Ruler of Hyderabad conquered Kolachi (future Karachi) from Kalat (Baluchistan) <BR> Death of Mir Fateh Ali Khan, ruler of Hyderabad <BR> War with Kalat (Baluchistan) <BR> Death of Mir Ghulam Ali of Hyderabad; Khayrpur stopped to pay tribute to Afghan Khan <BR> <BR> Combined forces of Hyderabad, Khayrpur laid siege to Shikarpur, last Afghan fortress <BR> in Sindh; Afghan Khan ceded fortress <BR> Dr. Burnes published "A Visit to the Court of Sinde" <BR> Death of Mir Karam Ali Khan of Hyderabad <BR> Treaty signed by Sindh (Hyderabad), E.I.C.; E.I.C. recognition of Khayrpur State <BR> New agreement signed by Sindh, E.I.C.; Khairpur accepted British resident. <BR> Hyderabad, Mirpur Khas conquered, annexed by the E.I.C. <BR> Sindh (i.e. Hyderabad, Mirpur Khas) placed under Bombay Presidency <BR> Richard F. Burton published "Scinde or the Unhappy Valley" <BR> Much of Khayrpur territory annexed into Bombay Presidency <BR> Sindhi declared official language in Sindh <BR> Karachi elevated to status of a city <BR> Last tiger shot in Sindh <BR> Sindh (including Khayrpur) had a population of 3.410.223; consisted of 6 districts of <BR> Karachi, Hyderabad, Thar and Parkar, Larkhana, Sukkur and Upper Sind Frontier <BR> Khairpur mint closed; local currency replaced by British Indian currency. <BR> Demand to separate Sindh from Bombay Presidency raised by Ghulam M. Burghi <BR> Sindh separated from Bombay Presidency, made separate province of British India <BR> Sindh integrated into Pakistan; a large number of Sindhi Hindus emigrated to India; <BR> Muslims from central India immigrated into Sindh <BR> Karachi capital of Pakistan <BR> Khayrpur State abolished, integrated into Province of Sindh <BR> </font></TD> </TR></TABLE><BR><BR> </div> <div align="center"> <script language="JavaScript"> <!-- function SymError() { return true; } window.onerror = SymError; //--> </script> <script type="text/javascript"><!-- google_ad_client = "pub-0213752126925919"; google_alternate_color = "FFFFE1"; google_ad_width = 728; google_ad_height = 90; google_ad_format = "728x90_as"; google_ad_channel ="4814426207"; google_ad_type = "text"; google_color_border = "FF3300"; google_color_bg = "FFFFE1"; google_color_link = "0000CC"; google_color_url = "008000"; google_color_text = "6F6F6F"; //--></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js"> </script> <BR><BR><BR> </DIV> </DIV> <DIV align="center"> <A href="mailto:aganse@hotmail.com"> <IMG src="../../email.gif" border="0"></a><BR> <BR><BR><BR><BR><BR> <!-- Start of CH Counter --> <script type="text/javascript"> //<!-- // chCounter v2.0.0 // settings: cstatus = "active"; visible = "0"; path_to_counterfile = "http://www.zum.de/whkmla/counter/counter.php"; urlhp = "http://www.zum.de"; //////////////// url = unescape(location.href); file = url.substring(url.lastIndexOf(urlhp) + urlhp.length, url.length); file = (file.charAt(0) != "/") ? 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