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First posted on April 17th 2002, last revised on July 11th 2011






The term Les Pays-Bas (the Netherlands) was created by the Burgundian administration 1395-1495 which united Artois, Brabant, Flanders, Hainaut, Holland, Limburg, Luxemburg, Namur and Zeeland under Burgundian dynastic rule. The Habsburg Dynasty 1495-1579 added Cambrai, Drenthe, Friesland, Gelderland, Groningen, Overijssel and Utrecht. The administrative center of the Netherlands was Brussels.
The partition of the Habsburg dominions in 1556 saw the Netherlands being allocated to King Philip II. of Spain. The Spanish administration of the Netherlands caused the latter to revolt (1579-1648); in the process the Republic of the Seven United Provinces (Dutch Republic) was formed, while Spain managed to hold on to the Spanish Netherlands.
The Dutch Republic, between 1600 and 1672, experienced her Golden Age; Amsterdam became the leading market of Europe. The high cost of warfare and Mercantilist policies implemented by other European countries then caused a gradual decline.
The Dutch Republic was a federation of 7 provinces, each with their own political institutions. The Staten Generael, the federal parliament, only had as much authority as the provinces were willing to grant it. The province of Holland contributed 57 % of its revenue, Overijssel a mere 3.5 %. The representatives of Holland used the size of their contribution to push through her provincial interests. Military command lay with the stadholder (who was appointed by each province individually, and who depended on a military budget being granted). The stadholders came from the House of Oranje-Nassau, and were in a conflict of interest with the Staten Generael and the Staten van Holland. In 1618-1619 stadholder Maurits staged a coup d'etat; from 1650 to 1672 and from 1702 to 1747 the Staten van Holland decided not to appoint any stadholder (Era of Liberty).
In 1780 the Patriot movement questioned the political organization of the country; the Patriot Revolution of 1787 failed, but French troops in 1795 converted the Dutch Republic into the short-lived Batavian Republic (1795-1806), which after becoming the Kingdom of Holland (1806-1810) and years of French annexation (1810-1813) became the Kingdom of the United Netherlands (1815-1830); the Kingdom of the Netherlands (1830-) is the successor of the Dutch Republic.

Kingdom of Holland 1806-1810 . Batavian Republic 1795-1806 . Dutch Republic 1780-1795 . 1747-1787 . 1702-1747 . 1672-1702 . 1650-1672 . 1609-1650 . 1579-1609 . Habsburg Netherlands 1556-1579 . Habsburg Netherlands 1515-1556 . Burgundian Period 1384-1515 . before the Burgundians, 1300-1490

Specific Periods in Dutch History : The Netherlands and the Sea , Habsburg Netherlands - Suppression of Protestantism, Reformation in the Netherlands, A Haven for Refugees
Early Colonialism : Dutch Discoverers , V.O.C. , W.I.C.

Historical Atlas . . . . . Netherlands Page
Biographies . . . . . by period ; . alphabetically
Historical Dictionary . . . . . English-English, Dutch-English
List of Wars, . . . . . Netherlands Page

Students' Paper : Kang, Jun-suk, Comparative Urban History : Brugge, Antwerpen and Amsterdam (2008)
Students' Paper : Kim, Hong, Canal Construction in Europe in the 17th and 18th Centuries (2007)
Students' Paper : Kim, Shin, Early Years of the Little Ice Age in Northern Europe, 1300-1500 (2007)






E x t e r n a l . F i l e s
Country Profiles Links, Portals Organizations Accounts of History Politics Military History Economic History
Social History Ethnography History of Religion Regional History Local History Institutions Culture
Biography Others
D o c u m e n t s
Historical Data Documents Institutions National Symbols
P r i n t e d . R e f e r e n c e
Bibliographies Online Libraries Online Journals General Accounts Specific Topics Historical Dictionaries Others



WEB-BIBLIOGRAPHY . . . EXTERNAL FILES
Country Profiles modern Article : Dutch Republic, from Wikipedia
Article : Republiek der Zeven Verenigde Nederlanden, from Wikipedia Dutch edition
historical W. Aglionby, The present state of the United Provinces of the Low-Countries, 1671, GB
W. Temple, Observations upon the United Provinces of the Netherlands 1705, GB
Tegenwoordige Staat der Vereenigde Nederlanden vol.1 1739, vol.2 1740, vol.3 1741, vol.4 1742, vol.5 1744, vol.6 1746, vol.7 1749, vol.8 1750, vol.9 1751, vol.10 1753, vol.11 1758, vol.12 1772, vol.13 1785, vol.14 1787, vol.15 1788, vol.16 1789, vol.20 1793, vol.21 1794, in Dutch, GB
Anon., The present state of Holland, or, A description of the United Provinces, 1765, GB
Links General Category : Dutch Republic, from Wikipedia
Categorie : Verenigde Provinciën, from Wikipedia Dutch edition
on History from Virtual Library History
Dutch History Resources on the Internet, from Wess Web
Links Nederlandse Geschiedenis, from fambof, in Dutch
Dutch Republic History Site
Organizations VGN - Vereniging van docenten in Geschiedenis en staatsinrichting in Nederland, from Euroclio
Federatie Oud Nederlandse Vaartuigen
Instituut voor Nederlandse Geschiedenis
Nederlands Instituut voor Militaire Historie
Het Nederlands Instituut voor Beeld en Geluid
Internationaal Instituut voor Sociale Geschiedenis, Amsterdam
Nederlandse Genealogische Vereeniging
Koninklijk Nederlands Genootschap voor Munt- en Penningkunde
Historical Dictionaries English-English, Dutch-English, at this site
Jacobus Kok, Vaderlandsch woordenboek, vol.1 : AA-AD, 1785, vol.3 : AM, 1786, vol.5 : BAA-BE, 1786, vol.7 : BO, 1787, vol.9 : CLA-CLU, 1788, vol.11 : DA-DIO, 1788, vol.13 : DR-EN, 1785, vol.15 : FAA-FRA, 1786, vol.17 : GA-GEY, 1787, vol.19 : HAA-HAAR, 1788, vol.21 : H-K, 1789, vol.23 : M-P, 1790, vol.25 : P-R, 1790, vol.29 : T-V, 1793, vol.31 : W, 1794, vol.33 : W-Y, 1795, vol.35 : ZUYL-ZYP, 1796, Suppl. C-G, 1796, in Dutch, GB
Timelines from BBC News, from timelines.ws; Terugblik in de Geschiedenis (Retrospect into History), in Dutch, year by year, not only on Dutch history; from Dutch History Page; from Het Huis van Oranje-Nassau, in Dutch, detailed; Tijdtafel der Vaderlandsche Geschiedenis, J.J.ten Have (1919), posted by Jan Koning, in Dutch
Accounts of History General, Modern History of the Netherlands, from the Neth. Ministry of Foreign Affairs, encyclopedic, from 1568 till present; Geschiedenis van Nederland, from Univ. Leiden Dutch Studies; scroll down for geschiedenis (history), in Dutch
geschiedenis.nl, in Dutch
from Wikipedia
Geheugen van Nederland, from Koninklijke Bibliotheek, in Dutch
General, Historical A.M. Cerisier, Algemeene Geschiedenis der vereenigde Nederlandsche Provinciën vol.1 1793, vol.2 1793, vol.3 1793, vol.4 1793, vol.5 1625, vol.6 1793, vol.7 1793, vol.8 1793, vol.9 1793, vol.10 1793, in Dutch, GB
G. Bentivoglio, Verhael vande Vereenigde Provincien van Nederlant, 1648, in Dutch, GB
J. le Clerc, Geschiedenissen der vereenigde Nederlanden, vol.1 1738, vol.2 1738, vol.3 1738, vol.4 1738, in Dutch, GB
T.C. Grattan, History of the Netherlands, 1830, GB
J. de Bosch Kemper, De staatkundige geschiedenis van Nederland tot 1830, 1868, in Dutch, GB
G.G. van Prinsterer, Handboek der geschiedenis van het vaderland, vol.1, 1852, vol.2, 1852, in Dutch, GB
Specific Periods Articles : Gouden Eeuw, Eerste Stadhouderloze Tijdperk, Tweede Stadhouderloze Tijdperk, Patriotten, from Wikipedia Dutch edition
John Lothrop Motley, The Rise of the Dutch Republic (1855), Pt.I, Pt.2, from Historical Text Archive, Online Book
Colonial History
Historiography
Administration Institutions Article : Stadhouder, from Wikipedia Dutch edition
Article : Staten Generaal van de Nederlanden, from Wikipedia Dutch edition
Foreign Relations Armand Sag, De Turkse Herkenning der Nederlanden
A. de Miltitz, Manuel des Consuls, vol.2 pt.2 : Des Consulats a l'Etranger par les Principaux Etats de l'Europe et les Etats-Unis de l'Amerique du Nord, bk.3 : Etablissement des Consulats a l'Etranger, Section VI : Pays-Bas, pp.884-1003, 1839, in French, GB
Military click here
Koninklijke Landmacht : Geschiedenis, from Defensie, in Dutch
Een Stukje Korps Geschiedenis, from Het Korps Mariniers, in Durch
(Dutch) Regiments before 1715, by R. Dirksen
Economy & Finances A Global History of Currencies : Netherlands
Nederlandsch Economisch-Historisch Archief; detailed online inventory
The Dutch Economy in the Golden Age, from Economic History Encyclopedia
Textile Workers in the Netherlands Part I : 1650-1810, by Elise van Nederveen Meerkerk
Marjolein 't Hart, Money and Trust. Amsterdam Moneylenders and the Rise of the Modern State, 1478-1794, IEHC 2006
Mehmet Bulut, The Dutch Merchants and their Activities between the Atlantic and the Levant during the Mercantilist Ages, IEHC 2006
Neal, Larry, Efficient Markets in the Eighteenth Century - Stock Exchanges in Amsterdam and London. Business and Economic History, 2d ser., 11 (1982): 81-101.
Neal, Larry, The Rise of a Financial Press: London and Amsterdam, 1681-1796 [abstract]. Business and Economic History, 2d ser., 14 (1985): 139-41.
Schets der geschiedenis van het mercantiele stelsel in Nederland, 1834, in Dutch, GB
H.J. Koenen, Voorlezingen over de geschiedenis der nijverheid in Nederland, 1856, in Dutch, GB
O. van Rees, Geschiedenis der staathuishoudkunde in Nederland tot het einde der achtiende eeuw, vol.1 1865, vol.2 1868, in Dutch, GB
P.H. Engels, De Geschiedenis der Belastingen in Nederland, van de vroegste Tijden tot op Heden, 1848, in Dutch, GB
The Dutch Republic and Britain : the Making of a European World Economy; Seminars at U Dartmouth 2005, 2007
Article : Economic History of the Netherlands 1500-1815 , from Wikipedia
Social History De Boedelbank van het Meertens Instituut, Estate Inventory Database
Ethnography Languages of the Netherlands, from Ethnologue
Religion General see Reformation in the Netherlands at this site
Calvinist Article : Nederduits Gereformeerde Kerk, from Wikipedia Dutch edition
Article History of Religion in the Netherlands, from Wikipedia
Anabaptist Article : Doopsgezinden, from Wikipedia Dutch edition
see History of the Doopsgezinde (Dutch Anabaptists), at this site
Catholic Chronology of Catholic Dioceses : the Netherlands, from Kirken i Norge
Meertens Instituut, Databank Bedevaart en Bedevaartplaatsen in Nederland
Geschiedenis van den Nederlandse katholicisme, 1517-1648, 1648-1800, in Dutch
Jewish Virtual Jewish History Tour : Netherlands, from Jewish Virtual Library
Article : Joden in Nederland, from Wikipedia Dutch edition
L.G. Visscher, Chronologische Tafel voor de Geschiedenis der Israëliten in Nederland , 1850, in Dutch, GB
History of Regions Articles : Generaliteitslanden, Staats-Brabant, Staats-Vlaanderen, Westerwolde, Staats-Overmaas, Staats-Opper-Gelre, from Wikipedia Dutch edition
see Holland, Zeeland, Friesland, Groningen, Drente, Overijssel, Gelderland, Utrecht, Noord Brabant, Limburg, Flevoland at this site
Local History History of Amsterdam, from Amsterdam Info, from Wikipedia
Geschiedenis van Den Haag (History of Den Haag), from Wikipedia ('The Hague', in English), from De Paginas over Den Haag (The Den Haag Pages), in Dutch
History of Rotterdam, from Erasmus University Rotterdam
History of Utrecht, from Wikipedia
History of Leiden, from Wikipedia
A Brief History of Groningen, by Erik Sprinkelkamp
History of Eindhoven, from Wikipedia
Geschiedenis van Breskens 1610-1824, (History of Breskens, Walcheren, Zeeland), posted by Huib J. Plankeel, in Dutch; has has lists of local office holders etc.
Institutions History, from Leiden University
Culture Kleine Nederlandse Literatuurgeschiedenis (Brief History of Dutch Literature), by Kees van Kempen
Geschiedenis van de Filosofie in Nederland en Vlaanderen (History of Philosophy in the Netherlands and Flanders), by Erno Eskens
A General Overview of Dutch Women's Clothing, by Karinne Taylor
Orde van Vrijmetselaren onder de Opperraad van de 33ste en laatste graad van de Aloude en Aangenomen Schotse Ritus voor het Koninkrijk der Nederlanden. Dutch Freemasons webpage, in Dutch
Biographies click here
Nieuw Nederlandsch Biografisch Woordenboek Deel 1 1911, Deel 2 1912, Deel 3 1914, Deel 4 1918, Deel 5 1921, Deel 6 1924, Deel 7 1927, Deel 8 1930, Deel 9 1933, Deel 10 1937, in Dutch, posted by DBNL
Jacobus Kok, Vaderlandsch Woordenboek, vol.1 : AA-AD, 1785, vol.3 : AM, 1786, vol.5 : BAA-BE, 1786, vol.7 : BO, 1787, vol.9 : CLA-CLU, 1788, vol.11 : DA-DIO, 1788, vol.13 : DR-EN, 1785, vol.15 : FAA-FRA, 1786, vol.17 : GA-GEY, 1787, vol.19 : HAA-HAAR, 1788, vol.21 : H-K, 1789, vol.23 : M-P, 1790, vol.25 : P-R, 1790, vol.29 : T-V, 1793, vol.31 : W, 1794, vol.33 : W-Y, 1795, vol.35 : ZUYL-ZYP, 1796, Suppl. C-G, 1796, in Dutch, GB
Others Wazamar Genealogie in de Nederlanden (Genealogy in the Low Countries), in Dutch
In den Rustwat : Historie, An account of the history of a restaurant, as part of Dutch history, from the Dutch Revolt to the 18th century, 6 main chapters, subchapters, in Dutch, illustrated, well made

WEB-BIBLIOGRAPHY . . . EXTERNALLY POSTED DOCUMENTS
Historical Data Lists of Statesmen from World Statesmen (B. Cahoon); from Rulers (B. Schemmel); from Regnal Chronologies, scroll down for the Netherlands; from World Rulers (E. Schulz, illustrated)
Titles of European Rulers : Netherlands
Article : Lijst van stadhouders in de Nederlanden, from Wikipedia Dutch edition
Lists of Ambassadors
Exchange Rates The Marteau Early 18th-Century Currency Converter
Financial Data ESFDB (European State Finance Database
Documents Historical Newspapers Links; Overviews Kranten Historisch [historical newspapers]
Historische Kranten (Historical Newspapers, mostly Dutch, 1656-1946), links posted by Rob Kuijsten
Entire Newspapers, Magazines De Maandelykse Nederlandsche Mercurius vol.1 Jul.-Dec. 1756, vol.4 Jan.-Jun. 1758, vol.8 Jan.-Jun. 1760, vol.12 Jan.-Jun. 1762, vol.16 Jan.-Jun. 1764, vol.20 Jan.-Jun. 1766, vol.24 Jan.-Jun. 1768, vol.28 Jan.-Jun. 1770, vol.32 Jan.-Jun. 1772, vol.36 Jan.-Jun. 1774, vol.40 Jan.-Jun. 1776, vol.44 Jan.-Jun. 1778, vol.48 Jan.-Jun. 1780, in Dutch, GB
La Gazette de Leyde 1775-1789, from Les gazettes europ?nnes du 18e si?le
Extrait uyt de gazette van s'Gravenhage van den 4 December 1715, GB, in Dutch
Nederlandsche post-ryder, gevende naauwkeurige berichten van de zaaken van staat en oorlog, zo in als buiten Europa, en van andere aanmerkelyke voorvallen 1771, 1773, in Dutch, GB
Online Yearbooks Staatskalender
Online Yearbooks Other National Yearbooks Nederlandsche jaerboeken 1747 vol.1, 1747 vol.2, 1748 vol.1, 1748 vol.2, 1749 vol.1, 1749 vol.2, 1750 vol.1, 1750 vol.2, 1751 vol.1, 1751 vol.2, 1752 vol.1, 1752 vol.2, 1753 vol.1, 1753 vol.2, 1754 vol.1, 1754 vol.2, 1755 vol.1, 1755 vol.2, 1756 vol.1, 1756 vol.2, 1757 vol.1, 1757 vol.2, 1758 vol.1, 1758 vol.2, 1759 vol.1, 1759 vol.2, 1760 vol.1, 1760 vol.2, 1761 vol.1, 1761 vol.2, 1762 vol.1, 1762 vol.2, 1763 vol.1, 1763 vol.2, 1764 vol.1, 1764 vol.2, 1765 vol.1, 1765 vol.2, 1766 vol.1, 1766 vol.2, 1767 vol.1, 1767 vol.2, 1768 vol.1, 1768 vol.2, 1769 vol.1, 1769 vol.2, 1770 vol.1, 1770 vol.2, 1771 vol.1, 1771 vol.2, 1772 vol.1, 1772 vol.2, 1773 vol.1, 1773 vol.2, 1774 vol.1, 1774 vol.2, 1775 vol.1, 1775 vol.2, 1776 vol.1, 1776 vol.2, 1777 vol.1, 1777 vol.2, 1778 vol.1, 1778 vol.2, 1779 vol.1, 1779 vol.2, 1780 vol.1, 1780 vol.2, 1781 vol.1, 1781 vol.2, 1781 vol.3, 1781 vol.4, 1782 vol.1, 1782 vol.2, 1783 vol.1, 1783 vol.2, 1783 vol.3, 1783 vol.4, 1784 vol.1, 1784 vol.2, 1785 vol.1, 1785 vol.2, 1786 vol.1, 1786 vol.2, 1787 vol.1, 1787 vol.2, 1787 vol.3, 1787 vol.4, 1787 vol.5, 1787 vol.6, 1788 vol.1, 1788 vol.2, 1789 vol.1, 1789 vol.2, 1790 vol.1, 1790 vol.2, 1791 vol.1, 1791 vol.2, 1792 vol.1, 1792 vol.2, 1793 vol.1, 1794 vol.1, 1794 vol.2, 1795 vol.1, 1795 vol.2, 1795 vol.5, 1795 vol.6, 1795 vol.7, 1795 vol.8, 1795 vol.9, in Dutch, GB
International,
D.R. Entries
P. d'Avity, Les Estats, Empires et Principautez du Monde; entry : Des Estats Generaux des Provinces unies des Pays-Bas, in French, 1613, pp.380-416, GB; 1614, pp.380-416, GB; 1616, pp.380-416, GB; 1617, pp.380-416, GB; 1621, pp.393-430, GB; 1628, pp.380-416, GB; 1630, pp.266-290, GB; 1633, pp.380-416, GB; 1659, pp.235-265, GB
Jährliches genealogisches Hand-Buch : General-Staaten der Vereinigten Niederlande 1730 pp.41-44, 1732 pp.113-116, 1737 pp.113-116, 1738 pp.114-117, 1741 pp.123-127, 1742 pp.123-127, 1745 pp.140-145, 1746 pp.148-153, 1747 pp.151-156, 1749 pp.162-169, in German, GB
M. Gottlieb Schumanns genealogisches Handbuch : General-Staaten der Vereinigten Niederlande, 1758 pp.130-132, 1760 pp.135-137, in German, GB
Europäisches genealogisches Handbuch : General-Staaten der Vereinigten Niederlande, 1752 pp.123-124, 1756 pp.131-133, 1763 pp.141-144, 1766 pp.153-155, 1768 pp.153-157, 1770 pp.159-161, 1772 pp.155-157, 1774 pp.154-156, 1776 pp.154-156, 1780 pp.165-167, 1782 pp.168-170, 1784 pp.170-173, 1786 pp.173-177, 1788 pp.167-170, 1790 pp.171-173, 1792 pp.165-168, 1794 pp.169-172, 1800 p.180, in German, GB
Provinces Unies entries in J.Ch. Poncelin de la Roche Tilhac, Etat des Cours de l'Europe et des Provinces de France pour l'annee ... vol.1 MDCCCLXXXIV 1783 pp.310-325, vol.2 MDCCCLXXXV, 1785, pp.315-327, in French, GB
Image Databanks Dutch painters, from Olga's Gallery
Image collection from Nationaalarchief, search engine, in Dutch
Images : Beeldbank Noord-Holland (Image Databank Noord Holland); search engine, Dutch language
Category : Republic of the Seven United Netherlands, from Wikimedia Commons
Archival Deposits
Constitutions, Laws
Treaties General Treaty Collections
Bilateral Treaty Collections Provinces-Unies des Pays-Bas, pp.94-101 in vol.1 of Table des trait? entre la France et les puissances ?rang?es, depuis la paix de Westphalie jusqu'?nos jours, 1802, in French, GB
Document Collections Digitalized Books, from Instituut voor Nederlandse Geschiedenis, Dutch-language source publications
Primary Documents : Netherlands, from Eurodocs; Links to Documents from Historisch Huis : Moderne Geschiedenis (-1800), comment in Dutch; . Archief in de Klas, posted by Nationaalarchief, in Dutch; Ch.15 : De Scriptoribus Rerum Belgicarum, pp.353-390 in B.G. Struve, Selecta bibliotheca historica, 1705, in Latin, GB ; a catalogue of narrative historical sources
Digitized Books : Dutch History Sources, from Universiteitsbibliotheek Utrecht
Utrecht Pamphlets, from Universiteitsbibliotheek Utrecht
Historical Maps information M. Donkersloot-Vrij, Repertorium van Nederlandse kaartmakers 1500-1900 2003, in Dutch
collections WHKMLA Historical Atlas Netherlands page
M. Schuffelen, Historical Maps of The Netherlands
Search David Rumsey Map Collection for Netherlands
F. van der Molen, Historic Maps of the Netherlands, 2001
Edmaps, Historical Maps of the Netherlands, links
Atlas van Nederland, Deel 2 : Bewoningsgeschiedenis
Netherlands, hindsight Maps : Europe in the Year 1600, 1700, 1800, from Euratlas
Low Countries 1794, J. de Salas Vara del Rey
Netherlands, contemporary
detail, hindsight
detail, contemporary
Historical
Encyclopedia Entries
General
Religious
Economic J. Chr. Nelckenbrecher, Taschenbuch eines Banquiers und Kaufmanns enthaltend eine Erklärung aller ein- und ausländischen Münzen ..., Berlin : Wever 1769, in German, entries Amsterdam und ganz Holland, Rotterdam, posted by DTBSWS
Gülich, Gustav von, Geschichtliche Darstellung des Handels, der Gewerbe und des Ackerbaus der bedeutenden handeltreibenden Staaten unserer Zeit (Historical Description of Trade, Industry and Agriculture of the Important Trading States of Our Time), Jena : Frommann 6 vol.s 1830-1845, chapter : Niederlande, vol.1 1830 pp.353-400, posted by DTBSWS
Political Die vereinigten Niederlande, pp.444-475 in F.L. Bressler, Die Heutigen Christlichen Souverainen von Europa, 1698, in German, GB
Le Ceremonial de la Republique des Provinces-Unies, pp.773-799 in vol.2 of J.R. de Missy, Le Ceremonial diplomatique des cours de l' Europe, 1739, in French, GB
Gouvernement de la Republique des sept Provinces-Unies, pp.281-325 in vol.2 of G. de Real de Curbon, La science du gouvernement, 1762, in French, GB
Geographical
Historical Chapter VI : United Provinces, pp.216-250 in : Samuel von Pufendorf, An introduction to the history of the principal kingdoms and states of Europe, 1719, GB
The Netherlands, pp.135-221 in vol.2 of Th. Salmon, Modern history or the present state of all nations, 1745, GB
Vereinigte Niederlande, pp.349-438 in vol.3 of J.G. Eichhorn, Geschichte der letzten drey Jahrhunderte, 1803, in German
Republik der vereinigten Niederlande, pp.369-414 Republik der Niederlande oder Königreich Holland pp.405-560 Republik der V. Niederlande und Königreich Holland pp.527-601 in vol.1 of the 3rd edition of L.T. von Spittler, Entwurf der Geschichte der europäischen Staaten, 1823, in German, GB
Parliamentary Debates Dagverhaal der handelingen van het Vertegenwoordigend lichaam des Bataafschen Volks, vol.1, 1798, vol.4, 1799, vol.5, 1799, vol.8, 1800, vol.9, 1800, vol.10, 1800, vol.11, 1801, vol.12, 1801, vol.13, 1801, in Dutch, GB
Historic Tour Guides, Travelogues The United Netherlands, pp.1-53 in vol.1 of Th. Nugent, The Grand Tour, 1756, GB
Institutions Archives Lists of Archives Archief.NL, Dutch language site providing links to individual archives
Repositories of Primary Sources : Europe : Netherlands, from Univ. of Idaho. Mostly Archive Webpages, 89 entries
Historical Research in Europe, listing of archives; click Atlas Search, Nederland, 98 entries
on Archive Search Documentaire Informatie, from Dutch ESS (on libraries, codicology, the history of books; in Dutch)
Archive Websites Nationaal Archief
Search ARCHIEVEN.NL combined search engine for many archives
Musea Rijksmuseum Amsterdam
Haags Historisch Museum
Vesting Museum, Naarden
Amsterdam Tulip Museum
Monuments
Libraries Koninklijke Bibliotheek, Den Haag
National Symbols Flags, Coats of Arms Coat of Arms, from International Civic Heraldry
Coins, Banknotes Collection of 14 coins from the Netherlands, 1500-1802, from Money Museum; another collection of 11 coins 1557-1764 from the same site; by R. Tholen, in Dutch; Homepage Rijksmuseum Koninklijk Penningkabinet, in Dutch, English Version (less detailed); De Gulden, Coins and Banknotes since 1680; comment in Dutch
Dutch Historic Medals (of the coin kind), from Historiepenningen, rich collection

PRINTED REFERENCE
Bibliographies general ISBN Database
RHS Bibliography; UK National Archive Online Library
on the Dutch Republic Digitale Bibliografie Nederlandse Geschiedenis, Dutch language site
http://www.antiqbook.nl/, website of Dutch Antiquarian Booksellers
Vereniging voor Kranten- en Tijdschriftenverzamelaars (VKTV)
Dutch Republic History Site
Online Libraries general Internet Archives; Gutenberg Library Online; e-corpus
on D.R.
Online Journals full text online
Contents Online
Historiography Article : Dutch Historiography, by J. Tollebeek, pp.251-254, in vol.1 of A Global Encyclopedia of Historical Writing, NY 1998 [G]
General Accounts J.C.H. Blom and E. Lamberts, History of the Low Countries, N.Y.: Berghahn 1999, KMLA Lib.Sign. 949.3 B653h
Mark T. Hooker, The History of Holland, Westport : Greenwood, 1999; title misleading, it is a history of the (northern) Netherlands; KMLA Lib.Sign. 949.2 H783h
Encyclopaedia Britannica, article the Netherlands, 15th edition, Vol.24 (Macropaedia) pp.864-897, KMLA Lib.Sign. R 032 B862h v.24
George Edmundson, History of Holland, Cambridge : UP 1922, online book posted by authorama. Covers the history of the Dutch Republic/Kingdom of the Netherlands
Specific Topics Jan de Vries and Ad van der Woude, The First Modern Economy. Success, Failure, and Perseverance of the Dutch Economy, 1500-1815, Cambridge : UP 1997, KMLA Lib.Sign. 330.9492 V982f
Jonathan Israel, The Dutch Republic, It's Rise, Greatness and Fall, 1477-1806, Oxford : Clarendon 1998; KMLA Lib.Sign. 949.2 I85t
J.L. Price, The Dutch Republic in the Seventeenth Century, St. Martin's Press, 1998, KMLA Lib.Sign. 949.204 P945d
Maarten Prak, The Dutch Republic in the Seventeenth Century, Cambridge : UP 2005, KMLA Lib.Sign. 949.2 P898d
Jan Glete, War and State in Early Modern Europe. Spain, the Dutch Republic and Sweden as Fiscal-Military States, 1500-1600, London : Routledge 2002, KMLA Lib. Call Sign 355.0094 G558w
E.H. Kossmann, The Dutch Republic, ch.12 / pp.275-300 in The New Cambridge Modern History vol.V : The Ascendancy of France 1648-1688, Cambridge UP 1964 [G]
Historical Dictionary Arend H. Huussen, Historical Dictionary of the Netherlands, London : Scarecrow 1998, 237 pp.; KMLA Lib.Sign. R 949.2 H985h







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