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Gubernia Novgorod |
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History and Administrative Division .
The territory which was to become Olonets Gubernia in 1708 was allocated to Ingermanland respectively Arkhangelsj Gubernia. In 1726 part of theterritory was ceded to
Novgorod Gubernia. In 1773 Olonets Namestichestvo was created out of territory hitherto belonging to Arkhangelsk and Novgorod Gubernia. In 1796, it was elevated to
Olonets Gubernia. Olonets Gubernia bordered on Arkhangelsk Gubernia in the North, on Vologda
Gubernia in the southeast, on Novgorod Gubernia in the south, on Sankt Petersburg Gubernia in
the southwest and on Finland in the west. The capital of Olonets Namestichestvo in 1784 was moved to Petrozavodsk. Olonets Gubernia was divided in 7 districts (Uyezds) : Petrozavodsk, Kargopol, Lodeinoye Pole, Olonets, Povyenets, Pudozh and Vytegra. The Zemstvo Laws passed in 1864 granted regional self-government on Gubernia and Uyezd level; the regional administrative bodies are refererred to as Zemstvos. The Zemstvos were abolished in the course of the October Revolution. During the Russian Civil War, an attempt was made to claim the region for Finland (Aunus Expedition, April 1919); while militarily defeated by the Red Army, the event gained some notoriety because of Finnish postage stamps overprinted 'Aunus' (the Finnish name for Olonets). In 1920, much of Olonets Gubernia was included in the Karelian ASSR, capital Petrozavodsk, areas in the southest annexed by Petrograd Oblast (later renamed Leningrad Oblast), in the east ro Vologda Oblast. Population . The population numbered 321,250 in 1881, 367,902 in 1897, and 401,100 (estimate) in 1906. In 1883, the population consisted of 83 % Russians, 14 % Karelians, 2 % Estonians. By confession, the large majority was Russian Orthodox, c.9,000 were Old Believers, then there were c. 1,000 Protestants and 600 Catholics Meyer). Economy . Many of Olonets Gubernia's 2000 lakes, in addition the Vidlitsa, Svir, Oyaty, Vytegra, Mega, Oshta, Andoma, Sunna, Onega, Voshma, Vyg are navigable. The Mariinsk Canal connects the Neva River system with the Volga River System. Onega Canal connected Onega River with the Dvina (the White Sea). Olonets Gubernia had ironworks, based on locally produced iron ore and bog iron; pearls were found in Onega River. Petrozavodsk was the center of the iron industry. In 1883, 63 % of the area was covered by forest, only 2.5 % farmland, c.3 % pastorage, the remainder wasteland. The bulk of the population lived off forest industries, hunting and fishing. There were 281 fatories with a combined number of 1806 industrial workers. The leading industries were sawmills, distilleries, grain mills. (Meyer). |
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| E x t e r n a l . F i l e s |
| Country Profiles | Links, Portals | Organizations | Accounts of History | Politics | Military History | Economic History |
| Social History | Ethnography | History of Religion | Regional History | Local History | Institutions | Culture |
| Biography | Others |
| D o c u m e n t s |
| Historical Data | Documents | Institutions | National Symbols |
| P r i n t e d . R e f e r e n c e |
| Bibliographies | Online Libraries | Online Journals | General Accounts | Specific Topics | Historical Dictionaries | Others |
| WEB-BIBLIOGRAPHY . . . EXTERNAL FILES |
| Country Profiles | Current |
Article
Olonetskaya Gubernia, from Wikipedia Russian edition Article Olonets Governorate, from Wikipedia |
| Historical |
Article : Government : Olonets, from EB 1911 Articles : Olonez, from Meyers Konversationslexikon 1885-1892, in German |
| Links | General |
| on History |
| Organizations |
| Historical Dictionary |
| Timelines |
| Accounts of History |
| Economy & Finances |
List of Match Factories in the Russian Empire : Olonets Gubernia, from
The Virtual Matchbox Label Museum, in Russian J.C. Brown, Works on Forestry vol.8 : The Forests of Northern Russia (1883), posted on Internet Archive; on Olonets and Arkhangelsk Gubernia Russia, from Official catalogue of the industrial department, London Exhibition 1862, GB ; search for Olonets |
| Ethnography |
Karelians of the Olonets Gubernia, by Andrew Heninen |
| Religion |
Article Old Believers, from Wikipedia Article Raskolniks, from Catholic Encyclopedia 1907-1914 edition |
| History of Regions |
| Local History |
Articles Olonets,
Petrozavodsk : History,
Kargopol,
Lodeynoye Pole,
Pudozh,
Vytegra, from Wikipedia |
| Structures, Institutions |
Structurae : Russia : Karelia |
| Culture |
| Biographies |
| Others |
Article Aunus Expedition, from Wikipedia |
| WEB-BIBLIOGRAPHY . . . EXTERNALLY POSTED DOCUMENTS |
| Historical Data | Lists of Statesmen |
| Population Figures |
Historical Population Statistics : Russia, from Population
Statistics by Jan Lahmeyer |
| Documents | Document Collections |
| Historical Maps |
Map : Olonetskaya Gubernia, from Wikimedia, in Russian Maps : N Olonets, SW Olonets, SE Olonets, (Atlas Marksa, 2nd edition 1910), posted by M. Witkam |
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Historical Encyclopedia Entries |
General |
Articles : Governments : Olonets,
Cities : Petrozavodsk, from EB 1911 Articles Olonez, Kargopol, Petrosavodsk, Wytegra, from Meyers Konversationslexikon 1885-1892, in German |
| Religious |
| Economic |
| Geographical |
Das Gouvernement Olonez, pp.377-381 in Th. Fr. Ehrmann,
Neueste Kunde vom Russischen Reiche in Europa und Asien,
vol.3 of Neueste Länder- und Völkerkunde, 1807, in German, GB Das Gouvernement Olonez, pp.138-141 in vol.1 of Das Russische Kaiserreich, seine Geographie, Statistik, Volks- und Regentengeschichte, 1847, in German, GB W.H. Beable, Russian gazetteer and guide, being an account of the territorial divisions and a description of over 300 of the principal towns and cities of Russia, Finland and Siberia (1919), posted on Internet Archive; Olonets p.31 Articles Olonetz, Onega, Wytegra, from Geografisk-Statistisk Haandbog 1858-1863, in Danish |
| Historical |
| Parliamentary Debates | foreign |
Hansard (British Parliament) |
| Tour Guides, Travelogues |
E. Rae, The White Sea Peninsula, a Journey in Russian Lapland and Karelia (1881), posted on
Internet Archive |
| Institutions | Archives |
| Musea |
| Monuments |
| Libraries |
| Official Symbols | Flags, Coats of Arms |
Olonets Gubernia Coat of Arms, from Civic Heraldry;
from Vector Images |
| BIBLIOGRAPHY |
| Bibliographies | general |
RHS Bibliography UK National Archive Online Library ISBN Database |
| on Penza |
| Online Libraries | general |
Internet Archives Gutenberg Library Online e-corpus |
| Country Specific |
| Online Journals | full text online |
| General Accounts |
| Historical Dictionary |
B. Raymond, P. Duffy, Historical Dictionary of Russia, Methuan : Scarecrow 1998, KMLA Lib.Sign. R 947.8 R268h |
