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Gubernia Perm Gubernia Orenburg
First posted on February 27th 2008, last revised on June 28th 2010






History and Administrative Division . Ufa Gubernia was established in 1865. Ufa Gubernia bordered on Perm Gubernia and Vyatka Gubernia in the north, Kazan Gubernia in the west, Samara and Orenburg Gubernia in the south. In 1919 the Bashkir Assr (within RSFSR) was established, which came to include all of the former Ufa Gubernia except for Zlatoust Uyezd, which was annexed into Chelyabinsk Oblast.
Ufa Gubernia was divided in 6 districts (Uyezds) : Belebej, Birsk, Menselinsk, Slatoust, Sterlitamak, Ufa.
The Zemstvo Laws passed in 1864 granted regional self-government on Gubernia and Uyezd level; the regional administrative bodies are refererred to as Zemstvos. The Zemstvos were abolished in the course of the October Revolution.

Population . The population in 1865 was 1,445,000, in 1885 1,874,200, in 1915 3,139,200 (Lahmeyer). By 1883, Muslims outnumbered Christians. The population, in order of size, consisted of Bashkirs, Russians, Volga Tatars, Mari, Chuvash, Teptyar, Meshcheryaks, Votyaks (Meyer) and Mordvins. The flourishing mining industry caused significant immigration of ethnic Russians, who made up 36 % of the population in 1865, 45 % in 1897 (EB 1911).

Economy . By 1883, 46 % of the land was covered by forest, 23 % farmland, 22.8 % pastorage. Russians and Teptyars were engaged in agriculture, Bashkirs and Tatars in animal husbandry, Bashkirs and Meshcheryaks in beekeeping. Trade was dominated by Tatars. The mining industry grew rapidly, producing gold, iron, copper, Slatoust being the seat of a major ironworks, Blagovechenskoye in Ufa Uyezd the seat of a famous copper mill, Further there were 147 factories with a combined total of 2092 industrial workers in Ufa Gubernia. Mayor export items included woodwork, fur, skins, honey and alcoholic spirits (Meyer). The Encyclopedia Britannica refers to the "wholesale plundering of Bashkir lands under Alexander II." (1855-1881; EB 1911).

Culture . Ufa was the seat of a Muslim mufti and a Russian Orthodox archbishop (Meyer). In 1816 the city burnt down.









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WEB-BIBLIOGRAPHY . . . EXTERNAL FILES
Country Profiles Current Article Ufimskaya Gubernia, from Wikipedia Russian edition
Historical Articles : Ufa, from Meyers Konversationslexikon 1885-1892, in German
Articles : Ufa, from EB 1911
Links General
on History
Organizations
Historical Dictionaries
Timelines
Accounts of History General The Development of the Urals, from Gold Book of the Urals
Economy & Finances Brief History of Coalmining in Russia, from Russian Coal
History of Gold in Russia, by Vladimir Kroupnik
List of Match Factories in the Russian Empire : Ufa Gubernia, from The Virtual Matchbox Label Museum, in Russian
Russia, from Official catalogue of the industrial department, London Exhibition 1862, GB ; search for Ufa
Social History Fighting the Famine of 1921-1923 in the Urals, by Julia Khmelevskaya
Ethnography Articles Bashkirs, Chuvash People, Mansi (Voguls), Mari People (Cheremisses), Meshchera, Udmurt People (Votyaks), Volga Tatars, from Wikipedia
Bashkirs, Chuvash, Mansi, Maris, Udmurt, Volga Tatars, from World Culture Encyclopedia
Religion Article Old Believers, from Wikipedia
Article Raskolniks, from Catholic Encyclopedia 1907-1914 edition
History of Regions Article Bashkortostan : History, from Wikipedia
Local History Articles Ufa, Belebey, Birsk, Sterlitalak, Zlatoust, from Wikipedia
About Zlatoust, from VIP Zlatoust
Structures, Institutions Structurae : Russia : Bashkortostan
Biographies
Others J.C. Brown, Works on Forestry vol.9 : The Forests of Northern Russia (1883), posted on Internet Archive; focussed on Ufa Gubernia

WEB-BIBLIOGRAPHY . . . EXTERNALLY POSTED DOCUMENTS
Historical Data Lists of Statesmen
Population Figures Historical Population Statistics : Russia, from Population Statistics by Jan Lahmeyer
Documents Document Collections
Historical Maps Russian Empire - Central East (Blackie & Son 1882), posted by FEEFHS
Historical
Encyclopedia Entries 		General Articles : Government : Ufa, Cities : Ufa, Zlatoust, Ethnicities : Bashkirs, Cheremisses, Chuvashes, Meshcheryaks, Mordvins, Tatars, Geographical Features : Ural Mountains, from EB 1911
Articles Perm, Baschkiren, Meschtscherjäken, Mordwinen, Tataren, Tscheremissen, Tschuwaschen, Wogulen, Wotjaken, Belebei, Birsk, Menselinsk, Slatoust, Sterlitamak, from Meyers Konversationslexikon 1885-1892, in German
Religious
Economic
Geographical W.H. Beable, Russian gazetteer and guide, being an account of the territorial divisions and a description of over 300 of the principal towns and cities of Russia, Finland and Siberia (1919), posted on Internet Archive; Ufa pp.42-43
Historical
Parliamentary Debates foreign Hansard (British Parliament)
Tour Guides, Travelogues
Institutions Archives
Musea
Monuments
Libraries
Official Symbols Flags, Coats of Arms Ufa Gubernia Coat of Arms, from Civic Heraldry; from Vector Images, from Wikimedia

BIBLIOGRAPHY
Bibliographies general RHS Bibliography
UK National Archive Online Library
ISBN Database
on Ufa
Online Libraries general Internet Archives
Gutenberg Library Online
e-corpus
Country Specific
Online Journals full text online Tatar Gazette
General Accounts
Historical Dictionary B. Raymond, P. Duffy, Historical Dictionary of Russia, Methuan : Scarecrow 1998, KMLA Lib.Sign. R 947.8 R268h