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History and Administrative Division .
In 1796, Vyatka Namestichestvo was elevated to Vyatka Gubernia. Vyatka Gubernia bordered on Vologda Gubernia
in the north, on Perm Gubernia in the east, on Ufa, Kazan
and Nizhny-Novgorod Gubernia in the south and on Kostroma Gubernia in the west.
Vyatka Gubernia was divided in 11 districts (Uyezds) : Vyatka, Elabuga, Glazov, Kotelnich, Malmyzh, Nolinsk, Orlov, Sarapul, Slobodsk,
Urzhum and Yaransk. The Zemstvo Laws passed in 1864 granted regional self-government on Gubernia and Uyezd level; the regional administrative bodies are refererred to as Zemstvos. The Zemstvos were abolished in the course of the October Revolution. When the RSFSR was established, Vyatka Gubernia was transformed into Vyatka Oblast (later renamed Kirov Oblast), with areas ceded to the Mari (est. 1920), Tatar (est. 1920) and Votsk (since 1932 Udmurt) ASSRs (est. 1920). Population . The population in 1811 was 1,120,000, in 1840 1,529,600, in 1867 2,347,700, in 1885 2,859,000, in 1915 4,062,000 (Lahmeyer). In 1906 the population consisted to 78 % of Russians, 12.2 % of Udmurts (Votyaks), 5 % of Mari (Cheremisses) and 3.4 % Volga Tatars (EB 1911). Economy . In 1883, 54.9 % of the area was covered by forest, 30.7 % was farmland, 7 % pastorage. In 1883, 83 % of the population were peasants; the dominant agricultural product was grain. Animal husbandry (cattle, horses, sheep, pigs, goats) did not produce sufficient manure to supply the regional demand for fertilizer. Forest products included honey and beeswax. Hunting was of importance. The few factories (1883) concentrated on Slobodsk, Sarapul, Vyatka and Elabuga Uyezds. Metalworks (production of guns, church bells), distilleries, tanneries dominated; in 1883 Vyatka Gubernia was home to 684 factories with a combined total of 9710 industrial workers (Meyer). By 1906, the crown owned 53 % of the land, private owners (estates) 2 %, peasant communities 44 % (EB 1911). The stretch of the Transiberian Railroad passing through Vyatka Gubernia was constructed in 1899/1906. |
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| E x t e r n a l . F i l e s |
| Country Profiles | Links, Portals | Organizations | Accounts of History | Politics | Military History | Economic History |
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| Bibliographies | Online Libraries | Online Journals | General Accounts | Specific Topics | Historical Dictionaries | Others |
| WEB-BIBLIOGRAPHY . . . EXTERNAL FILES |
| Country Profiles | Current |
Article
Viatskaya Gubernia, from Wikipedia Russian edition |
| Historical |
Article : Government : Vyatka, from
EB 1911 Articles : Wjatka, from Meyers Konversationslexikon 1885-1892, in German |
| Links | General |
| on History |
| Organizations |
| Historical Dictionaries |
| Timelines |
| Accounts of History |
| Economy & Finances |
European Russia, from Transsib List of Match Factories in the Russian Empire : Vyatka Gubernia, from The Virtual Matchbox Label Museum, in Russian L. Tegoborski, Commentaries on the productive forces of Russia, vol.1, 1855, vol.2, 1856, vol.3 not found on Google Books June 28th 2010 ; numerous Wiatka entries Russia, from Official catalogue of the industrial department, London Exhibition 1862, GB ; search for Vyatka |
| Ethnography |
Article Udmurt People, from Wikipedia |
| Religion |
Article Old Believers, from Wikipedia Article Raskolniks, from Catholic Encyclopedia 1907-1914 edition |
| History of Regions |
| Local History |
Articles Kirov : History (Vyatka),
Kotelnich : History,
Malmyzh,
Nolinsk,
Orlov,
Slobodskoy,
Urzhum,
Yaransk, from Wikipedia |
| Structures, Institutions |
Structurae : Russia : Kirov Oblast |
| Culture |
| Biographies |
| Others |
| WEB-BIBLIOGRAPHY . . . EXTERNALLY POSTED DOCUMENTS |
| Historical Data | Lists of Statesmen |
Article
Viatskaya Gubernia, from Wikipedia Russian edition; scroll down for list of Gubernators (Governors) |
| Population Figures |
Historical Population Statistics : Russia, from Population
Statistics by Jan Lahmeyer |
| Documents | Document Collections |
| Historical Maps |
Maps : W. Vyatka,
E. Vyatka (Atlas Marksa, 2nd edition 1910), posted by M. Witkam |
|
Historical Encyclopedia Entries |
General |
Articles Wjatka,
Wotjaken,
Glasow,
Jaransk,
Jelabuga,
Kotelnitsch,
Malmysh,
Nolinsk,
Orlow,
Sarapul,
Slobodskoi,
Urshum,
from Meyers Konversationslexikon 1885-1892, in German Articles : Governments : Vyatka, Cities : Vyatka, Elabuga, Izhevsk, Sarapul, Votkinsk, from EB 1911 |
| Religious |
| Economic |
| Geographical |
Das Gouvernement Wiatka, pp.465-469 in Th. Fr. Ehrmann,
Neueste Kunde vom Russischen Reiche in Europa und Asien,
vol.3 of Neueste Länder- und Völkerkunde, 1807, in German, GB Government of Wiatka, p.238 in vol.4 of C. Malte-Brun, Universal geography, 1829, GB Government of Wiatka, pp.65-66 in vol.4 of J. Bell, A system of geography, popular and scientific, 1836, GB Das Gouvernement Wjatka, pp.236-239 in vol.1 of Das Russische Kaiserreich, seine Geographie, Statistik, Volks- und Regentengeschichte, 1847, in German, GB W.H. Beable, Russian gazetteer and guide, being an account of the territorial divisions and a description of over 300 of the principal towns and cities of Russia, Finland and Siberia (1919), posted on Internet Archive; Vyatka p.46 |
| Historical |
| Parliamentary Debates | foreign |
Hansard (British Parliament) |
| Tour Guides, Travelogues |
Government of Vyatka, pp.162-170 in W.D. Cooley,
Travels in Siberia, 1848, GB ; observations on geology & mining |
| Institutions | Archives |
| Musea |
| Monuments |
| Libraries |
| Official Symbols | Flags, Coats of Arms |
Vyatka Gubernia Coat of Arms, from Civic Heraldry;
from Vector Images,
from Wikimedia |
| BIBLIOGRAPHY |
| Bibliographies | general |
RHS Bibliography UK National Archive Online Library ISBN Database |
| on Vyatka |
| Online Libraries | general |
Internet Archives Gutenberg Library Online e-corpus |
| Country Specific |
| Online Journals | full text online |
| General Accounts |
| Historical Dictionary |
B. Raymond, P. Duffy, Historical Dictionary of Russia, Methuan : Scarecrow 1998, KMLA Lib.Sign. R 947.8 R268h |
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