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The territory of modern Venezuela was conquered by Spain in the early 16th century. Since the mid 16th century part of the Audiencia of Santo Domingo
(Viceroyalty of New Spain). Between 1717 and 1777 the provinces of Caracas, Cumana, Guyana, Trinidad and Margarita were transferred
from the Audiencia of Santo Domingo to the Viceroyalty of New Granada. The Captaincy General of Venezuela, with Caracas as capital, was established in 1777.
In 1802 Spain ceded the island of Trinidad (to Britain.
In 1823 Venezuela achieved independence as part of Gran Colombia;
in 1830 Venezuela declared independence from the latter.. Provinces : Venezuela (Coro, Caracas, established 1526), Trinidad (established 1532; in 1595 merged with Guyana to form Trinidad-Guyana), Cumana (established 1568 by uniting New Andalucia and Paria; in 1633 New Catalonia was formed out of parts of Venezuela and New Andalucia, until 1777 under Audiencia of Santo Domingo), Margarita (est. 1525), Guyana (est. 1530, 1591-1731 formed united province of Trinidad de Guyana, 1731-1762 integrated into province of New Andalucia, 1762- Comandancia de Guyana, until 1786 under Bogota, since under Caracas, La Grita established 1570; 1607 Merida annexed, 1676 Maracaibo (hitherto part of Venezuela) annexed, in 1777 placed under Audiencia de Santo Domingo, in 1786 Province of Barinas split off. In pre-independence sources, Venezuela is often simply referred to as Terra Firma, of which it formed part. |
| E x t e r n a l . F i l e s |
| Country Profiles | Links, Portals | Organizations | Accounts of History | Politics | Military History | Economic History |
| Social History | Ethnography | History of Religion | Regional History | Local History | Institutions | Culture |
| Biography | Others |
| D o c u m e n t s |
| Historical Data | Documents | Institutions | National Symbols |
| P r i n t e d . R e f e r e n c e |
| Bibliographies | Online Libraries | Online Journals | General Accounts | Specific Topics | Historical Dictionaries | Others |
| WEB-BIBLIOGRAPHY . . . EXTERNAL FILES |
| Country Profiles | Modern |
Article : Captaincy General of Venezuela, from Wikipedia Article : Capitania General de Venezuela, from Wikipedia Spanish edition L. Vitale, La Capitania General de Venezuela, 2002 |
| Historical |
Ch.2 : The extent, climate, soil, product, rivers, chief towns and trade of the province of New Andalusia, pp.353-355,
ch.4 : The province of Venezuela, its soil, productions, chief towns, trade &c., pp.357-362, in
J. Campbell, An account of the Spanish settlements in America, 1762, GB R.H. Bonnycastle, Spanish America, vol.1, 1818, vol.2, 1818, GB J.J.D. Lavaysse, A statistical, commercial, and political description of Venezuela, Trinidad, Margarita and Tobago, 1820, GB |
| Links |
Category : Captains General of Venezuela, from Wikipedia Categoria : Capitania General de Venezuela, from Wikipedia Spanish edition BitBlioteca : Venezuela |
| Organizations |
Academia Nacional de la Historia |
| Historical Dictionaries |
La Venciclopedia, in Spanish |
| Portals |
| Timelines |
from timelines.ws; from
BBC News |
| Accounts of History | Modern |
from Wikipedia; from
Venezuela Tuya |
| Historical |
H. Michael Tarver and Julia C. Frederick, The History of Venezuela, Basingstoke : Palgrave MacMillan 2006, KMLA Lib. Call Sign 987 T196t Bureau of the American Republics : Venezuela [a handbook] (1899), posted on Internet Archive E. Blanco, Venezuela Heroica: Cuadros historicos (1881) in Spanish, posted on Internet Archive J.M. de Rojas, Bosquejo historico de Venezuela (1888) in Spanish, osted on Internet Archive J.M. Spence, The land of Bolivar; or, War, peace and adventure in the republic of Venezuela, vol.1, vol.2 (1878), posted on Internet Archive J.F. Heredia, E. Pineyro, Memorias sobre las revoluciones de Venezuela (1895) in Spanish, posted on Internet Archive R.M. Baralt, R. Diaz, Resumen de la historia de Venezuela (1841) in Spanish, posted on Internet Archive J. de Oviedo y Banos, Historia de la conquista y poblacion de la provincia de Venezuela (1885) in Spanish, posted on Internet Archive; here 1824 Spanish edition, GB; The Conquest and Settlement of Venezuela (1723) Engl trsl. by J.J. Varner 1987, GB |
| Specific Periods |
| Administration | Links |
Conformacion politica de las provincias en el territorio venezolano y su organizacion politica, by
Denys Vasquez, in Spanish La Real Audiencia de Caracas, from Efemerides Venezolanas, in Spanish |
| Political Discussion |
| Military |
| Economy & Finances |
| Social History |
Comuneros en la Capitania General de Venezuela, Biblioteca Nacional, Colombia |
| Ethnography |
Languages of Venezuela (46), from Ethnologue Venezuela, from L'amenagement linguistique dans le monde, in French |
| Religion |
Chronology of Catholic Dioceses, Venezuela, from Kirken i Norge Category : Religion in Venezuela, from Wikipedia |
| History of Regions |
Daniel Pilo, Evolucion Politica de las Provincias que formaran posteriormente Venezuela, in Spanish A. Caulin, Historia coro-graphica natural y evangelica de la Nueva Andalucia, 1779, in Spanish, GB |
| Local History |
List of Cities in Venezuela, from Wikipedia History of Caracas, from Wikipedia History of Maracaibo, from Wikipedia |
| Institutions |
| Culture |
| Biographies |
List of Venezuelans, from Wikipedia |
| Others |
Venezuela, from Alcohol and Drugs History Society Neotropic Ecoregion, from WWF |
| WEB-BIBLIOGRAPHY . . . EXTERNALLY POSTED DOCUMENTS |
| Historical Data | Lists of Statesmen |
from World Statesmen (B. Cahoon),
from Rulers (B. Schemmel) |
| Lists of Consuls |
The Political Graveyard : Venezuela, has incomplete list of U.S. Consuls |
| Lists of Bishops |
Article : Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Coro,
Caracas,
Merida, from Wikipedia |
| Population Figures |
from Population Statistics (Jan Lahmeyer) |
| Documents | Historical Newspapers |
| Image Databanks |
Wikimedia Commons |
| Archival Deposits |
Portada de Pares, Archivos de Espana Search National Archives (UK), Österreichisches Staatsarchiv |
| Constitutions, Laws |
| Treaties |
| Consular Reports |
| Chamber of Commerce Reports |
| Document Collections |
Documentos Historicos : Venezuela, from Wikisource Spanish edition Documentos : Historia de Venezuela, from BitBliography Real Cedula del 8 de setiembre de 1777, from BitBliography; from Academia Nacional de la Historia Interesting official documents relating to the United Provinces of Venezuela, 1812, GB Documentos para los anales de Venezuela desde el movimiento separatista de la Union colombiana vol.1 1890, vol.2 1890, vol.4 1890, vol.6 1891, vol.7 1891, Secundo Periodo vol.1 1891, vol.2 1891, vol.3 1892, vol.4 1892, in Spanish, posted on Internet Archive Documents Relating to the Question of Boundary Between Venezuela and British Guiana (1896), posted on Internet Archive |
| Historical Maps |
Map : Virreinato de Santa Fe y Capitania General de Venezuela, from
Wikimedia Commons (Atlas geografico e historico de la Republica de Colombia, 1890) Categoria : Mapas antiguos de Venezuela, from Wikipedia, in Spanish South America map to 1799, by J. de Salas Vara de Rey Caracas 1775, 1814, from David Rumsey Map Collection |
|
Historical Encyclopedia Entries |
Secular |
Articles Venezuela,
Caracas,
Maracaibo,
from Meyers Konversationslexikon 1885-1892, in German |
| Religious |
Venezuela, pp.164-165 in U. Cerri, An account of the state of the Roman-Catholick religion throughout the world, 1715, GB |
| Economic |
| Geographical |
G. Coleti O.S.J., Dizionario Storico-Geografico dell' America Meridionale, vol.1 & 2, 1771, in Italian, GB The Province of Venezuela pp.383-384, The Province of New Andalucia p.384 in vol.8 of Th. Smollett, The present state of all nations, 1769, GB J. Morse, The American Gazetteer, 1804, Entries : Caracoas, Comana, Leon de Caracas, Maracaibo, New Andalusia, Paria, Terra Firma, Venezuela, GB A. de Alcedo, The geographical and historical dictionary of America and the West Indies, Entries : Caracas, pp.296-308 in vol.1, 1812, Cumana, pp.555-558 in vol.1, 1812, Maracaibo, pp.447-450 in vol.2, 1812, New Andalusia, p.383 in vol.3, 1812, Venezuela, pp.155-205 in vol.5, 1814, GB |
| Historical |
Terra Firma. 5. Venezuela. 6. Comana. 7. New Andalusia. 8. Caribiana. 9. Guiana. 10. Paria, pp.252-257 in vol.3 of Th. Salmon,
Modern history or the present state of all nations, 1746, GB |
| Parliamentary Debates |
Hansard (British Parliament) |
| Tour Guides, Travelogues |
F.J. Pons, A voyage to the eastern part of Terra Firma, or the Spanish Main,
vol.1, 1806,
vol.2, 1806,
vol.3, 1806, GB |
| Residence Memoirs |
| Institutions | Archives, Musea, Libraries |
Archivo General de la Nacion, Venezuela;
Academia Nacional de Venezuela, click Archivo y Biblioteca |
| Official Symbols | Flags, Coats of Arms |
Flag, from FOTW; Coat of Arms, from
International Civic Heraldry |
| Coins, Banknotes |
Venezuela banknotes, from World Currency Museum,
from Ron Wise's World Paper Money Venezuela Coins, from World Coin Gallery Historia de la Moneda Venezolana, Epoca Capitania General, from Monedas de Venezuela |
| BIBLIOGRAPHY |
| Bibliography | General |
RHS Bibliography |
| on Venezuela |
Venezuela, from The Online Books Page Library of Congress HLAS Online Handbook of Latin American Studies (Bibliography) Commented Bibliography from Venezuela Analysis Colombia, Venezuela, from The Irish in Latin America and Iberia, a Bibliography by E. Murray Bibliography Venezuela, from NNDB Numismatic Catalog of Venezuela, Blbliography Bibliografia Venezolana (description), from Biblioteca Nacional de Venezuela, in Spanish Bibliography : Andes, from Environmental History of Latin America; Online Bibliography on Latin American Environmental History Latin American Books Food and Culture (a bibliography), by R.T. Dirks, click on South America Academia Nacional de Venezuela, click Publicaciones |
| Online Libraries | General |
Gutenberg Library Online,
Internet Archive Persee (French search engine) |
| on Venezuela |
Biblioteca Digital Venezolana Biblioteca Digital Academica Venezolana Biblioteca Virtual Miguel de Cervantes |
| Thesis Server |
TDX (Theses from Spanish Universities Online; almost exclusively in Spanish); search for Cuba |
| Online Journals | General |
Directory of Open Access Journals |
| On Venezuela |
| General Accounts |
John Charles Chasteen, Born in Blood and Fire. A Concise History of Latin America, N.Y. : W.W. Norton 2002 [G] H. Michael Tarver and Julia C. Frederick, The History of Venezuela, Basingstoke : Palgrave MacMillan 2006, KMLA Lib. Call Sign 987 T196t |
| Specific Topics |
Tucacas, pp.261-268 in : Mordechai Arbell, The Jewish Nation of the Caribbean, Jerusalem : Gefen 2002 |
| Historical Dictionaries |
Donna Keyse Rudolph and G.A. Rudolph, Historical Dictionary of Venezuela, Metuchen NJ : Scarecrow 1971 [G] |
| Statistical Data |
IHS : B.R. Mitchell, International Historical Statistics. The Americas 1750-2000, London : Palgrave 2003 [G] |
