1916-1935 1941-1945







The Philippines, 1935-1941


Status . In 1934, the US Congress passed the Tydings-McDuffie Act, which foresaw Filipino independence after a 10-year period of transition. In a 1935 plebiscite, the Filipino electorate approved a new republican constitution; the date for independence was fixed as July 4th 1946. The Commonwealth of the Philippines were largely autonomous; the US administration was set to withdraw.

Administration . A constitution was adopted in 1935, and, following presidential elections, Manuel L. Quezon became the first president of the Commonwealth of the Philippines (1935-1944).
Since 1907, the Philippines were represented in U.S. Congress by a Resident Commissioner.

The Economy . In 1935, the Philippines produced 1.8 million metric tons of rice, in 1941 1.3 million (IHS p.194).

Social History . Jan Lahmeyer gives population estimates as 14.7 million in 1935 and 16.9 million in 1941.

Cultural History . Filipino athletes participated in the Summer Olympics at Berlin 1936. Runner Miguel White won bronze in the 400 m hurdles.






EXTERNAL
FILES 		American Colony and Philippine Commonwealth 1901 - 1941 , from A Centennial History of Philippine Independence, 1898-1998 by Fraser Weir
Article Commonwealth of the Philippines, Tydings-McDuffie Act, Nationalist Party, Philippine Presidential Election 1935, Manuel Luis Quezon, Philippines t the 1936 Summer Olympics, Resident Commissioners from the Philippines, from Wikipedia
DOCUMENTS World Statesmen : Philippines, by Ben Cahoon
Historical Population Statistics : The Philippines, from Population Statistics (Jan Lahmeyer)
The Philippine Independence Act (Tydings-MaDuffie Act), from Chan Robles Virtual Law Library
REFERENCE IHS : International Historical Statistics : Africa, Asia & Oceania 1750-2000, edited by B.R. Mitchell, Basingstoke : Palgrave MacMillan 4th ed. 2003
Hübner's Weltstatistik, 73rd edition, edited by Ernst Rösner, Wien 1939
Article : United States : Commonwealth of the Philippines, in : Statesman's Yearbook 1937 pp.654-660 (data of 1935-1937) [G]
Article : Philippine Islands, in : Americana Annual 1936 pp.571-574, 1937 pp.564-565, 1938 pp.551-553, 1939 pp.614-615 [G]
Article : Philippines, in : New International Year Book 1938 pp.582-585, 1939 pp.610-612, Events of 1940 pp.587-589, 1941 pp.510-513 [G]
Article : Philippines, in : Funk & Wagnall's New Standard Encyclopedia Year Book 1936 pp.401-404, 1937 pp.403-405, 1938 pp.408-410, 1939 pp.430-431, 1940 pp,427-428, 1941 pp.389-390 [G]


This page is part of World History at KMLA
First posted on May 11th 2002, last revised on June 4th 2007

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