ÿþ<html> <head> <title> WHKMLA : Timelines : History of Tonkin </title> <META name="keywords" keyword="Tongking, Tongkin, Tonquin, Dai Viet"> <!-- copyright Alexander Ganse, 2004-2007 --> </head> <body bgcolor="grey" text="black" link="blue" vlink="red" alink="brown"> <style> <!-- A{ font-weight: bold; font-size: 10pt; font-face: arial; } --> </style> <DIV align ="center"> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD align = "center" valign = "center"> <A HREF = "../../index.html"> <img src = "../../whkmla2.jpg" border = "0"></a></TD></TR></TABLE> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD width = "200" height = "36" align = "center" valign = "center"> <font size = "2" face = "arial"><B> History of Tonkin <BR> Index Page </b></font></TD> <TD width = "36" height = "36" align = "center" valign = "center"> <A HREF = "xtonkin.html"> <img src = "../../region/arrowleft.gif" width = "36" height = "36" border = "0"> </a></TD> <TD align = "center" valign = "center"> <A HREF = "xtonkin.html"> <img src = "../banners/bantonkin.jpg" border = "0"> </TD> <TD width = "36" height = "36" align = "center" valign = "center"> <img src = "../../region/arrowright.gif" width = "36" height = "36" border = "0"> </a></TD> <TD width = "200" height = "36" align = "center" valign = "center"> <font size = "2" face = "arial"><B> </b></font></TD></TR></TABLE> <font size = "3" face = "arial"><B><i>First posted on December 18th 2004 </i></b></font><BR><BR><BR><BR> <script language="JavaScript"> <!-- function SymError() { return true; } window.onerror = SymError; //--> </script> <script type="text/javascript"><!-- google_ad_client = "pub-5834279270464755"; google_alternate_color = "FFFFE1"; google_ad_width = 728; google_ad_height = 90; google_ad_format = "728x90_as"; google_ad_channel ="4814426207"; google_ad_type = "text"; //2007-02-17: MIT_ Ganse google_ad_channel = "0420158018"; google_color_border = "FF3300"; google_color_bg = "FFFFE1"; google_color_link = "0000CC"; google_color_url = "008000"; google_color_text = "6F6F6F"; //--></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js"> </script> <BR><BR><BR> </div> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD align = "center" valign = "center" width = "900"> <font face = "Times Roman" size = "5"><B> Timeline : Tonkin </B></font> </TD></TR></TABLE> <BR><BR> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD align = "left" valign = "center" width = "110"> <font face = "Times Roman" size = "2"> c. 970 <BR> 981 <BR> 982 <BR> 1010 <BR> 1044 <BR> 1057-1061 <BR> 1069 <BR><BR> 1070 <BR> 1076 <BR> 1128 <BR> 1132 <BR> 1257 <BR> 1284 <BR> 1287 <BR> 1306 <BR> 1312 <BR> 1326 <BR> 1353 <BR> 1372 <BR> 1377 <BR> c. 1390 <BR> 1398 <BR> 1400 <BR><BR> 1407 <BR> 1428 <BR> 1442 <BR> 1446 <BR> 1472 <BR><BR> 1527 <BR> 1529-1677 <BR> 1545-late 17th C. <BR><BR> 1558 <BR><BR> 1627 <BR> 1648 <BR> 1661 <BR> 1672 <BR> 1677 <BR><BR> 1744 <BR> 1786 <BR> 1788-1789 <BR><BR> 1802 <BR><BR><BR> 1802 <BR><BR> 1864 <BR> 1873-1874 <BR> 1875 <BR><BR> 1883-1885 <BR> 1886 <BR> 1906 <BR> </font></TD> <TD align = "left" valign = "center" width = "600"> <font face = "Times Roman" size = "2"> Annam began to mint coins <BR> Chinese invasion <BR> Annamese invaded Champa, sacked Indrapura <BR> King Ly Thai To of Annam made Thang Long (Hanoi) his capital <BR> Annamese invaded Champa, sacked capital Vijaya <BR> Chinese invasion <BR> Annamese invaded Champa, sacked capital Vijaya; Champa had to <BR> cede border provinces <BR> Van Mieu (Temple of Literature) in Thang Long (Hanoi) constructed <BR> Confucian Academy of Annam established at Thang Long (Hanoi) <BR> Champa invasion of Annam <BR> Champa invasion of Annam <BR> Mongol (Yuan) occupation of Thang Long <BR> Mongol (Yuan) occupation of Thang Long <BR> Mongol (Yuan) occupation of Thang Long <BR> King of Champa married Annam princess, ceded northern provinces <BR> Annam-Champa War; Champa vassall state of Annam <BR> Champa restotred independent status <BR> Champa failed to retake Hue <BR> Thang Long sacked by Champa army <BR> Thang Long sacked by Champa army <BR> Annam conquered northern Champa, as far as Da Nang <BR> Capital of Annam moved from Thang Long to Thanh Hoa <BR> Coup; Tran Dynasty toppled by Ho Quy Ly, who moved capital to <BR> Tay Do <BR> Tay Do sacked by Ming army <BR> Vietnamese defeated Ming army; begin of Le Dynasty <BR> Oldest recorded Confucian Civil Examination held in Thang Long <BR> War with Champa; Annamese temporarily held Vijaya <BR> Vietnamese army conquered Vijaya, massacred population, <BR> annexed Champa <BR> Coup; Le Dynasty replaced by Mac Dynasty <BR> War between factions supporting the Le and the Mac Dynasties <BR> Trinh-Nguyen War <BR><BR> Kingdom of Annam split in two - Tonkin, capital Hanoi, Trinh Dynasty, <BR> and Annam, capital Hue, Nguyen Dynasty <BR> French missionary Alexandre de Rhodes arrived in Tonkin <BR> Tonkin-Annam War <BR> Tonkin invasion of Annam <BR> Tonkin invasion of Annam <BR> The Mac Dynasty, which held on to Cao Bang Province on the <BR> border to China, finally ended; Cao Bang reintegrated into Tonkin <BR> Quan Chuong Gate in Hanoi constructed <BR> Trinh Dynasty in Tonkin toppled <BR> Following an Annamese (Tau Son) invasion, the Tonkin king fled, <BR> appealed for Qing assistance; a Qing army fought Annam <BR> After having taken the throne of Annam by force in 1800, Nguyen <BR> Phuc Anh in 1802 conquered Tonkin, renamed united country <BR> Vietnam, gained Qing approval <BR> Confucian Academy moved from Thang Long to Hue <BR><BR> Remnants of the Taiping invaded Tonkin <BR> Hanoi temporarily held by the French <BR> A first French Charge d'Affaires for Annam and Tonkin established <BR> his residence at Hue <BR> Sino-French War; French conquest of Tonkin <BR> A first French Resident Superior established residence at Hanoi <BR> First French census, Tonkin : 5,688,600 inhabitants <BR> </font></TD> </TR></TABLE><BR><BR><BR><BR> </div><div align="center"> <script language="JavaScript"> <!-- function SymError() { return true; } window.onerror = SymError; //--> </script> <script type="text/javascript"><!-- google_ad_client = "pub-0213752126925919"; google_alternate_color = "FFFFE1"; google_ad_width = 728; google_ad_height = 90; google_ad_format = "728x90_as"; google_ad_channel ="4814426207"; google_ad_type = "text"; google_color_border = "FF3300"; google_color_bg = "FFFFE1"; google_color_link = "0000CC"; google_color_url = "008000"; google_color_text = "6F6F6F"; //--></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js"> </script> <BR><BR><BR> <TABLE border = "3" cellspace="5" cellpadding="5" align="center"> <TR> <TD width = "100" valign = "top" align = "center" bgcolor="#FFFACD"> <font size = "3" face = "Times Roman" color = "#000000"> EXTERNAL <BR> FILES </font></TD> <TD width = "750" valign = "top" align = "left" bgcolor = "#FFFACD"> <font size = "2" face = "Times Roman" color = "#000000"> Tonkin, from <A HREF = "http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/world/A0856620.html"><B>Infoplease</B> </A> History of Hanoi, from <A HREF = "http://www.lonelyplanet.com/destinations/south_east_asia/hanoi/history.htm"><B> Lonely Planet</B></A> <BR> The History of Hanoi's Old Quarter, by <A HREF = "http://www.queencafe.com.vn/History/Hanoioldquarter.htm"><B> Barbara Cohen</B></A> <BR> Article Tongking, from <A HREF = "http://87.1911encyclopedia.org/T/TO/TONGKING.htm"><B>EB 1911</B></A> <BR> Article Tongking, from <A HREF = "http://susi.e-technik.uni-ulm.de:8080/meyers/servlet/view/showSeite/ID/1016204841313/BandNr/15"><B> Meyers Konversationslexikon 1888-1889</B></A>, in German <BR> Article Tonkin, from <A HREF = "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonkin"><B>Wikipedia</B></A> <BR> Article Hanoi, from <A HREF = "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanoi"><B>Wikipedia</B></A> <BR> Pre-Colonial Vietnam, by <A HREF = "http://www.richmond.edu/~ebolt/history398/PrecolonialVietnam.html"><B>E. Bolt, A. Garrett</B></A> <BR> Annam Cash Coins, from <A HREF = "http://www.history.ucsb.edu/faculty/roberts/coins/Annamcash.html"><B>East Asian Cash Coins</B></A> <BR> Vietnam Coins and Paper Notes, from <A HREF = "http://www.viettouch.com/numis/"><B>Viet Touch</B></A> <BR> World Statesmen : <A HREF = "http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Vietnam.html"><B>Vietnam</B></A>, by Ben Cahoon <BR> Historic Population Statistics by Province : <A HREF = "http://www.library.uu.nl/wesp/populstat/Asia/vietnamp.htm"><B> Vietnam</B></A>, from Population Statistics at Univ. Utrecht; data for Tonkin at the bottom <BR> Article Alexandre de Rhodes, from <A HREF = "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13024a.htm"><B>Catholic Encyclopedia</B></A> <BR> Two Vietnams, from <A HREF = "http://www.guidetothailand.com/thailand-history/vietnam2.htm"><B>Guide to Thailand</B></A> <BR> </font></TD> </TR></TABLE><BR><BR><BR><BR> </DIV> </DIV> <DIV align="center"> <A href="mailto:aganse@hotmail.com"> <IMG src="../../email.gif" border="0"></a><BR> <BR><BR><BR><BR><BR> <font size = "2" face = "Times Roman"> Click here to go <A HREF = "../../index.html">Home</A> <BR> Click here to go to <A HREF = "../../about.html">Information about KMLA, WHKMLA, the author and webmaster</A> <BR> Click here to go to <A HREF = "../..links.html">Statistics</A><BR> </font> <BR><BR><BR> <!-- Start of CH Counter --> <script type="text/javascript"> //<!-- // chCounter v2.0.0 // settings: cstatus = "active"; visible = "1"; path_to_counterfile = "http://www.zum.de/whkmla/counter/counter.php"; urlhp = "http://www.zum.de"; //////////////// url = unescape(location.href); file = url.substring(url.lastIndexOf(urlhp) + urlhp.length, url.length); file = (file.charAt(0) != "/") ? 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