Ternate | V.O.C. |
Minahasa covers the northernmost tip of the island of Sulawesi (Celebes). Its regional urban center is Manado.
In the 16th century the Portuguese attempted to establish a foothold there. They were ousted in the 17th century
by the V.O.C. The Dutch established an with Minahasa in 1679, and the Dutch Reformed Church found converts here.
Direct Dutch rule, as a part of the Dutch East Indies, was established in 1870. In 1949 Minahasa became part
of the Republic of Indonesia Spelling alternatives : Minahasa, Minahassa, Manahassa Spelling alternatives : Manado, Menado |
E x t e r n a l . F i l e s |
Country Profiles | Links, Portals | Organizations | Accounts of History | Politics | Military History | Economic History |
Social History | Ethnography | History of Religion | Regional History | Local History | Institutions | Culture |
Biography | Others |
D o c u m e n t s |
Historical Data | Documents | Institutions | National Symbols |
P r i n t e d . R e f e r e n c e |
Bibliographies | Online Libraries | Online Journals | General Accounts | Specific Topics | Historical Dictionaries | Others |
WEB-BIBLIOGRAPHY . . . EXTERNAL FILES |
Country Profiles |
North Sulawesi, from NSTPB Article : Minahasa, from Wikipedia Great Britain, Forteign Office, Historical Section : Celebes (1919), posted on Internet Archive |
Links | on History |
Category : North Sulawesi, from Wikipedia Categorie : Geschiedenis van Celebes, from Wikipedia |
Organizations |
Portals |
Southeast Asian Archaeology Newsblog |
Historical Dictionaries |
Ensikloppedi Budaya Minahasa
(wiki), in Bahasa Indonesia |
Timelines |
Search Google News Archive for Minahasa, click Timeline Timeline of Indonesian History, from Sejarah Indonesia , 11 sub-timelines, illustrated, very detailed |
Accounts of History | History of the Celebes Sea |
Adrian B. Lapian, Laut Sulawesi : The Celebes Sea, from
Center to Peripheries, pp.3-16 in Moussons 7 2003 Esther Velthoen, Sailing in Dangerous Waters : Piracy and Raiding in Historical Context (Tobelo piracy), IIAS Newsletter No.36 2005 |
History of Celebes | Current |
Article : Sulawesi : History, from Wikipedia De Geschiedenis van Sulawesi, from travelmarker.nl [in Dutch, considerably more detailed than Wikipedia]; from indonesie.nl [in Dutch, illustrated] |
History of Celebes | Historic |
R. Blok, History of the Island of Celebes, trsl. from the Dutch by J. Stubenvoll,
vol.1, 1817,
vol.2, 1817,
vol.3, 1817, GB History of Celebes, pp.379-390 in vol.2 of J. Crawfurd, History of the Indian Archipelago, 1820, GB |
on Minahasa | Current |
North Sulawesi : History, from NSTPB Article : Minahasa : History, from Wikipedia History, from theminahasa.net History of Minahasa, Manado and Bitung, from Minahasa Raya De Geschiedenis van Noord-Sulawesi, from travelmarker.nl, in Dutch |
on Minahasa | Historical |
N. Graafland, De Minahassa, haar verleden en haar tegenwoordige toestand,
vol.1 (1867),
vol.2 (1869) in Dutch, posted on Internet Archive |
Specific Periods |
J.S. Wigboldus,
A History of Minahasa 1615-1680, Archipel 1987 The Land of Swaying Coconut Trees, from Jakarta Post, 28 2 2006 [revent administrative history] The Dutch Make Themselves Masters of Celebes, pp.186-191 in G.Th.F. Raynal, A Philosophical and Political History of the Settlements and Trade in the East and West Indies, 1804, GB |
Historiography |
M. Schouten,
Myth and Reality in Minahasan History: The Waworuntu, Archipel 1987 |
Administrative History |
F. Watuseke, Hukum and other Administrative Terms
in the Languages of Minahasa, BTLV 142 1986 pp.314-324 Kirsten Marie Brown, Decentralization & Ethnic Regionalism in Indonesia: The Case of Minahasa, Diss. Hawai'i 2002 |
Military |
Andere Tijden : Celebes, deel 1,
deel 2,
Dutch language documentaries on the Police Action 1948-1949, from VPRO |
Economy & Finances |
Article : Newmont Mining Corporation : Minahasa
/ Indonesia, from Wikipedia Eastern Passage to China through Macassar Strait, pp.568-583, Passage from the Straits of Macassar between Mindanao and Celebes into the Pacific Ocean, pp.583-590, from James Horsburgh, The India Directory : Or, Directions for Sailing to and from the East Indies, China, Australia, vol.2 1852, posted by Internet Archive A.E. Dingle, Gold out of Celebes (1920), posted on Internet Archive |
Ethnography |
Minahasa Indigenous Languages : Tonsea, Tondano, Tombulu, Tontemboan and Tonsawang, Bantik, Ratahan and Ponosakan. Local Languages in Minahasa Raya Minahasans, from Every Culture OLAC Record : Tombolu, from Languages Archive Michael Jacobsen, On the Question of Contemporary Identity in Minahasa, North Sulawesi Province, Indonesia W. Makaliwe, A Preliminary Report on Genealogy and Intermarriage in the Minahasa Regency, North Sulawesi, BTLV 137 1981 pp.244-258 |
Religion |
Indonesia, from Reformiert Online Kelly A. Swazey, The differences that make us the same: Ethnicity as a framework for a multi-religious Minahasan cultural identity, froim ICRS Yogya T.F. Viersen, Het standpunt der zending in de Minahassa en op de Sangir- en Talaoet-Eilanden, in het bijzonder inzake de overname der Inlandsche Openbare Lagere Scholen aldaar, 1911, in Dutch, posted on Internet Archive |
Local History |
History, from Tomohon City Government Article : Manado : History, from Wikipedia |
Institutions |
Culture |
Amat Juhari, The Origin and Spread of the Jawi Script 2008 Cap Tikus - Traditional Drink of Minahasa, from The Amazing East Minahasa Ancient Cultural Ceremony : Watu Pinabetengan, from Multiply Traditional Wedding in the Minahasa, from theminahasa.net The Kabasaran Dance, from theminahasa.net |
Biographies |
Ruling Families, from theminahasa.net |
Others |
WEB-BIBLIOGRAPHY . . . EXTERNALLY POSTED DOCUMENTS |
Historical Data | Lists of Statesmen |
Indonesia : Princely States : Tidore, from
World Statesmen |
Population Figures |
Documents | Historical Newspapers |
Kranten - historisch, from startpagina.nl Dutch language site Search Archief Leeuwarder Courant (1752-) in Dutch Search Digitaal Krantenarchief at Regionaal Archief Leiden, in Dutch Search Papers Past (New Zealand Newspapers 1839-1920) Search Newspapers SG (Singapore Newspapers 1831-2006) Historic Australian Newspapers 1803-1954 |
Image Databanks |
Geheugen van Nederland; site in Dutch;
Tropenmuseum, Amsterdam;
Rijksmuseum voor Volkenkunde, Leiden;
Maritiem Digitaal (Dutch Maritime Musea);
Leiden University Digital Sources (mostly images);
Category : Minahasa, from Wikimedia Commons;
Atlas of Mutual Heritage Koleksi Foto, from Indonesian National Library, site in Bahasa Indonesia |
Archival Deposits | online |
Manuscript Collection, from Indonesian National
Library, Koleksi Digital |
Archival Deposits | index online |
Search ARCHIEVEN.NL Smithsonian Institution Research Information System (SIRIS, search in Archives, Manuscripts and Photographs); has numerous items on Celebes Inventory of the Oriental Manuscripts of the Library of the University of Leiden vol.12 Memories van Overgave, from IDC Publishers; pdf file contains table of contents which lists Manado, Minahasa Manuscript Collection, from Indonesian National Library, Koleksi Digital KITLV Library, Manuscripts and Archives ING, Repertorium van Zendings- en Missiearchieven, Circa 1800?1960 2007, search Minahassa E. Schwidder, E. Vermeij, Guide to the Asian Collections at the International Institute of Social History (IISG 2007) [400 page file] |
Individual Documents |
Nick Habermehl, List of V.O.C. Shipwrecks, from Treasure Net Stakman, Marinus Cornelis Emanuel, De Minahassa bezwaarschrift, opgemaakt naar aanleiding van het rapport nopens den staat van zaken in de Minahassa, 1893, in Dutch, SBB |
Historical Maps |
Atlas of Mutual Heritage, search for Minahasa |
Historical Encyclopedia Entries |
Secular |
Article : Celebes, in vol.5 of Encyclopaedia Britannica,
p.289 on Minahassa; 1833, GB Article : Celebes, from EB 1911 |
Religious |
Menado, p.230 in W. Chapin, The Missionary Gazetteer
, 1825, GB |
Economic |
Manado, p.413 in vol.2 of W. Milburn,
Oriental Commerce, 1813, GB Manado, p.412 in W. Milburn, Oriental Commerce, or, The East India Trader's Complete Guide, 1825, GB |
Geographical |
Menado, Prov., p.109 in Ph.P. Roorda van Eysinga,
Aardrijksbeschrijving van Nederlandsch Indië, 1838, in Dutch, GB Article : Manahassa, p.625, Menado pp.819-821, in vol.7 of A.J. van der Aa, Aardrijkskundig Woordenboek der Nederlanden, 1848, in Dutch, GB Article : Minahasa (pp.276f), from John Crawfurd, A Descriptive Dictionary of the Indian Islands & Adjacent Countries 1856, posted on Internet Archive |
Historical |
on Manado, p.291 in F. Sacchini,
Historiae societatis Jesu pars secunda, sive Lainius, 1620, in Latin, GB |
Parliamentary Debates |
Staten Generaal Digitaal (Dutch Parliament, 1900-1994) Hansard (British Parliament) |
Historical Travelogues |
S.N. Hickson, A naturalist in north Celebes : a narrative of travels in
Minahassa, the Sangir and Talaut Islands (1889), posated on Internet Archive Pieter Bleeker, Reis door de Minahassa en den Molukschen archipel, vol.1, vol.2, 1856, in Dutch, posted on Internet Archive Bik, J. Th., Aanteekeningen nopens eene reis naar Bima, Timor, de Moluksche eilanden, Menado en Oost-Java, gedaan in 1821 en 1822 met den Hoogleeraar C. G. C. Reinwardt, 1822, in Dutch, SBB |
Institutions | Musea |
The Museum of North Sulawesi Province, from
Discover Indonesia |
Official Symbols | Flags, Coats of Arms |
Coins, Banknotes |
NTS Cash Orders issued in Gorontalo, Medan, Manado (indonesia)1888-1908, from
ABN AMRO |
PRINTED REFERENCE |
Bibliographies | General |
ISBN Database |
of former Colonial Powers |
Bibliopolis RHS Bibliography Nederlandse Bibliografie KITLV Library |
on SE Asia |
Malayan Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society (MBRAS) National Library of Australia, Indonesian Resources from the Dutch Period |
Online Libraries |
Gutenberg Library Online,
Internet Archive Persee (French search engine) Philippines ELibrary DBNG |
Collections of Theses |
Narcis (server for theses from the Netherlands) |
Online Journals |
Cakalele CAKALELE is a journal devoted exclusively to
publishing the results of research in and about Maluku, as well as the Maluku communities scattered through Indonesia and the Netherlands. Archipel, use Persee (French search engine) BTLV 1853-1908, 1950-2009 Moussons. Recherche en sciences humaines sur l'Asie du Sud-Est |
General Accounts | On Southeast Asia |
Nicholas Tarling, The Cambridge History of Southeast Asia, 4 vol.s, Cambridge : UP (1992) 1999, KMLA Lib.Sign. 959 T188c |
On Indonesia, Dutch East Indies, Celebes |
Encyclopaedia Britannica, 15th edition, Macropaedia, Vol.21, pp.213-245 Article Indonesia KMLA Lib.Sign. R 032 B862h v.21 Steven Drakeley, The History of Indonesia, Westport CT : Greenwood 2005, KMLA Lib.Sign. 959.8 0763h |
Specific Topics |
Historical Atlasses |
Jan M. Pluvier, Historical Atlas of Southeast Asia, Leiden : Brill 1995 [G] |