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Mempawah |
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| Pontianak |
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Mempawah |
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At first a dependency of the Sultanate of Sukadana (some sources claim it to have been a dependency
of the Sultanate of Brunei), Sambas became a Sultanate of its own in 1609.
Independent during the years of V.O.C. hegemony in the region, Dutch control was established in
1819/1823, and Sambas was administrated as part of Borneo Wester-Afdeling, from Pontianak. The population of Sambas was composed of Malays, Dayaks and of Chinese settlers, many of whom were engaged in searching for gold in alluvial deposits of local rivers. Since 1949 Sambas is part of the Republic of Indonesia. Already during the Sultanate, parts of the territory in the south effectively was comprised of a number of statelets called Kongsis run by Chinese secret societies. The territory of the former Sultanate of Sambas presently is divided among Kabupaten Sambas (the north), Kabupaten Bengkayang (the south) and Kota Singkawang. Alternative Spellings : Sambas, Sambasum, Sambase, Sambass |
| E x t e r n a l . F i l e s |
| Country Profiles | Links, Portals | Organizations | Accounts of History | Politics | Military History | Economic History |
| Social History | Ethnography | History of Religion | Regional History | Local History | Institutions | Culture |
| Biography | Others |
| D o c u m e n t s |
| Historical Data | Documents | Institutions | National Symbols |
| P r i n t e d . R e f e r e n c e |
| Bibliographies | Online Libraries | Online Journals | General Accounts | Specific Topics | Historical Dictionaries | Others |
| WEB-BIBLIOGRAPHY . . . EXTERNAL FILES |
| Country Profiles | on West Borneo |
Article : West Kalimantan, from Wikipedia Pieter Johannes Veth, Borneo's Wester-Afdeling, 1854, in Dutch, posted on Internet Archive Denys Lombard, Guide Archipel IV : Pontianak et son arriere-pays, Archipel 1984 vol.28 pp.77-97 Dr. Leyden, Sketch of Borneo : of the Western Coast of Borneo, pp.25-33, of Pontiana pp.33-53, of the Dayak pp.53-64 in : Transactions of the Batavian Society of Arts and Sciences vol.7 1814 |
| Country Profiles | on Sambas |
Article : Sambas,
Kabupaten Bengkayang,
Kota Singkawang, from Wikipedia Bahasa Indonesia ed. |
| Links | General |
Category : West Kalimantan, from Wikipedia Borneo Research Bulletin Indonesisch Borneo, from startpagina.nl |
| on History |
Categorie : Geschiedenis van Borneo, from Wikipedia Dutch edition |
| Timelines |
Search Google News Archive for Sambas, click Timeline |
| Accounts of History | on Borneo |
Kalimantan Overview, from Building Human
Security in Indonesia |
| on Kalimantan Barat |
Introduction to Kalimantan Barat, from Indahnesia |
| on Sambas |
Article Sultanate of Sambas, from Wikipedia Malay History : Sambas Kingdom, from Melayu Online; The Sambas Sultanate, from The daily Brunei Resources Sambas, from almanach.be; site requiring registration |
| Specific Topics |
J. Willi, The early relations of England with Borneo to 1805 (1922), posted on
Internet Archive |
| Historiography |
Chairil Effendi, Oral Tradition and Identity in West
Kalimantan Society, Sari 27 2009 pp.3-12 V. Matheson, The Tuhfat al-Nafis : Structure and Sources, from BTLV 127 1971 pp.375-392 E.U. Kratz, Silsilah Raja-Raja Sambas as a Source of History, Archipel 20 1980 pp.255-267 |
| Military |
The Conquer of Borneo Island 1941-1942, from The Netherlands East Indies 1941-1942 Describing the Japanese Occupation: a case of West Kalimantan, from a Japanese site Article Expeditie naar de Westerafdeling van Borneo (1850-1854), from Wikipedia Dutch edition D. Teeuwen, Some Remarks about inception, organization and feats of arms of the Royal Dutch East Indian Army (KNIL) Okuno Katsumi : Describing the Japanese Occupation: a case of West Kalimantan |
| Economy & Finances |
Transformation of the Land before the Recent Period, from H. Brookfield, L. Potter, Y. Byron,
In Place of the Forest. Environmental and Socio-economic
Transformation in Borneo and the Eastern Malay Peninsula Harold Brookfield, Lesley Potter, and Yvonne Byron In Place of the Forest : Environmental and Socio-economic Transformation in Borneo and the Eastern Malay Peninsula, UNU 1995 |
| Ethnography |
Yuan Bingling, Chinese Democracies. A Study of the Kongsis of West Borneo (1776-1884) Scan : The Chinese in Borneo, from The China Review vol.26 1897 James T. Collins, Contesting Straits-Malayness : the Fact of Borneo, Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 32 2001 pp.385-395 |
| Religion |
Bornean Religions, from Overview of World Religions |
| History of Regions |
| Local History |
| Institutions |
Jamie S. Davidson, Primitive Politics : The Rise and Fall of the
Dayak Unity Party in West Kalimantan, Indonesia, NUS Asia Research Institute Working Paoer no.9 2003 |
| Others |
F.A. Smith, Missionaries, mariners, and merchants: overlooked British travelers to West Borneo in the early nineteenth century.
Borneo Research Bulletin 2002 Nummercodes op Postwissels : Kantorenschema met Nummers van de Hoofd-, Bij- en Hulppostkantoren, in Dutch Borneo Research Council 2004 : Captain Burn and associates : British intelligence-gathering, trade, and litigation in Borneo and beyond during the early nineteenth century. posted by The Free Library Sambas Sultanate Descents from Brunei, from SM Rimba History Department |
| WEB-BIBLIOGRAPHY . . . EXTERNALLY POSTED DOCUMENTS |
| Historical Data | Lists of Statesmen |
Indonesia : Princely States : Sambas, from World Statesmen Indonesia, Traditional Polities, from Rulers; scroll down for Borneo, Sambas |
| Population Figures |
Kalimantan Barat, from Population Statistics by Jan Lahmeyer; data since 1930 |
| Documents | Historical Newspapers |
Kranten - historisch, from startpagina.nl Dutch language site Search Archief Leeuwarder Courant (1752-) in Dutch Search Digitaal Krantenarchief at Regionaal Archief Leiden, in Dutch Search Papers Past (New Zealand Newspapers 1839-1920) Search Newspapers SG (Singapore Newspapers 1831-2006) Historic Australian Newspapers 1803-1954 |
| Image Databanks |
Geheugen van Nederland; site in Dutch;
Tropenmuseum, Amsterdam;
Rijksmuseum voor Volkenkunde, Leiden;
Maritiem Digitaal (Dutch Maritime Musea);
Leiden University Digital Sources (mostly images);
Wikimedia Commons;
Atlas of Mutual Heritage Koleksi Foto, from Indonesian National Library, site in Bahasa Indonesia |
| Archival Deposits | online |
Manuscript Collection, from Indonesian National
Library, Koleksi Digital |
| index online |
Search ARCHIEVEN.NL Smithsonian Institution Research Information System (SIRIS, search in Archives, Manuscripts and Photographs); has numerous items on Borneo, at least one on Sambas Inventory of the Oriental Manuscripts of the Library of the University of Leiden vol.12 Memories van Overgave, from IDC Publishers; pdf file contains table of contents which lists Pontianak KITLV Library, Manuscripts and Archives Adatrechtbundels, ed. by KITLV, Serie L : Borneo, posted by Papua Web (scroll down) |
| Catalogue of Historic Archive |
Reconstructie van het Archief van de V.O.C. Vestiging Pontianak, from
Tanap, in Dutch |
| Individual Documents |
Dr. Leyden, A Sketch of the Island of Borneo, in : The Asiatic Journal and Register for British India and its Dependencies,
Nov,1816, pp.453-456, 558-563, Jan.1817 pp.12-16, 107-110, posted by
Sejarah Melayu Library Government of Borneo and its Dependencies, a Proclamation of the Governor-General of Netherlands India, published at Buitenzorg February 28th 1846, scan, source not given Progress of the Borneo Mission, 1850 Report, from Anglican History; Chinese Repository 1840 - Journal of Occurrences, Borneo, from The Centre for the Study of Christianity in Asia Photo, Group of Men, Pilgrims, from Sambas, Borneo Island; All In Costume Outside Stucco Building, from Smithsonian Institution, Archives, Manuscripts, Photographs Catalog Capture by the Sultan of Sambas of the brig Coriozo, from The Asiatic Journal and Monthly Register for British India and its Dependecies (Volume V), p.310, March 1818, Sejarah Melayu Library |
| Historical Maps |
1521 Map of Borneo by Antonio Pigafetta, posted on
Wikimedia Commons Maps and Atlasses Collection : Borneo, from University of Leiden Digital Sources Borneo Administrative 1914, from History Map Map Room Netherlands Indies, from Orbat |
|
Historical Encyclopedia Entries |
Secular |
Article Territorial Divisions of Borneo, from EB 1902 Article Borneo, from EB 1911, posted by Classic Encyclopedia Article Borneo, in Pierer's Universal-Lexikon 1857-1865, in German, posted by Zeno Article Bugi, from Meyers Konversationslexikon 1885-1892, in German, posted by Retro Bibliothek; Article Borneo, from Meyers Grosses Konversationslexikon 1902-1909, in German, posted by Zeno |
| Religious |
| Economic |
Borneo, p.1300 in vol.1 of J.S. de Bruslons,
Dictionnaire Universel de Commerce, 1726, in French, GB Borneo p.1318 in vol.5 of J.S. de Brulons, Dictionnaire universel de commerce: d'histoire naturelle, & des arts & metiers, 1765, in French, GB Of Borneo, pp.678-679 in W. Beawes, Lex mercatoria rediviva 1773, GB Of Borneo, pp.246-247 in vol.2 of W. Beawes, Lex mercatoria rediviva 1813, GB Sambass, pp.419-420 in W. Milburn, Oriental commerce, or, The East India Trader's Complete Guide, 1825, GB Borneo, p.198 in vol.1 of A. Schiebe, Universal-Lexikon der Handelswissenschaften, 1837, in German, GB |
| Geographical |
Sambas, in E. Bohun, A geographical dictionary,
representing the present and ancient names of all the countries, provinces, remarkable cities, universities, ports, towns, mountains, seas,
streights, fountains and rivers of the whole world, 1688, GB Sambasum, p.127 in Ph. Ferrarius, Novum lexicon geographicum , 1738, in Latin, GB Sambas, pp.147-149 in : Alexander Hamilton,A new account of the East Indies, vol.2, 1744, GB Sambas, p.620 in The New Encyclopaedia, 1807, GB Sambas p.133 in Tables of the positions, or of the latitudes and longitudes, of places, composed to accompany the oriental navigator, 1816 Sambase, p.498 in vol.1 of W. Hamilton, The East Indian gazetteer , 1828, GB Sambas, pp.773-774 in vol.8 of Dictionnaire geographique universel, 1831, in French, GB Article : Sambas, p.652 in R. Brookes, A new universal gazetteer, 1832, GB State of Sambas, p.200 in vol.5 of J. Bell, A system of geography, popular and scientific, 1836, GB Articles : Borneo pp.57-66, Sambas pp.374-375, from John Crawfurd, A Descriptive Dictionary of the Indian Islands & Adjacent Countries 1856, posted on Internet Archive Articles Borneo, from Geografisk-Statistisk Haandbog 1858-1863, in Danish, posted by Project Runeberg |
| Historical |
Sambas, p.469 in vol.2 of P.J.A. Roubaud,
Histoire generale de l'Asie, de l'Afrique, de l'Amerique 1770, in French, GB Sambas, pp.209, 327-328 in vol.3 of N.G. van Kampen, Geschiedenis der Nederlanders buiten Europa, 1832, in Dutch, GB |
| Parliamentary Debates |
Staten Generaal Digitaal (Dutch Parliament, 1900-1994) Hansard (British Parliament) |
| Historical Travelogues |
A. W. Nieuwenhuis, In Centraal Borneo, Reis van Pontianak
naar Samarinda [1894-1900] 1900, in Dutch, posted on Internet Archive R.W.C. Shelford, E.B. Poulton, A Naturalist in Borneo 1912, posyed on Internet Archive Tivadar Posewitz, Borneo: Entdeckungsreisen und Untersuchungen : gegenwärtiger Stand der geologischen Kenntniss. Verbreitung von Mineralien 1889, in German, posted on Internet Archive J.H.W. Meijerink, Brieven uit Indië. Aan het Deldens Weekblad, 1948, Eerste tournee kartering West Borneo, in Dutch, posted by Caert Thresor 26, 2007 |
| Institutions | Musea |
Kalimantan Museums and Kalimantan Art Galleries, from
World Guides; no entry for Sambas Tropenmuseum Amsterdam |
| Official Symbols | Flags, Coats of Arms |
Flags, from FOTW |
| Coins, Banknotes |
| PRINTED REFERENCE |
| Bibliographies | General |
ISBN Database |
| of former Colonial Powers |
Bibliopolis RHS Bibliography Nederlandse Bibliografie; DBNG KITLV Library |
| on SE Asia |
Malayan Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society (MBRAS) National Library of Australia, Indonesian Resources from the Dutch Period |
| on Borneo |
Index of Borneo Research Bulletin, -2006 Borneo Bibliography 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, from Borneo Research Bulletin Books & Articles on Borneo, from Krul Antiquarian Books, commercial site |
| Reviews |
Review of P.J. Veth's Borneo's Wester Afdeling (1854), in
De Gids 1855 pp.697-730, in Dutch |
| Online Libraries | General |
Gutenberg Library Online,
Internet Archive Persee (French search engine) CIFOR Publications (on Forest Management) |
| Theses Server |
Narcis (server for theses from the Netherlands) |
| On Southeast Asia |
Sejarah Melayu Library KITLV Aceh Books Perpustakaan Nasional (Indonesian National Library), click Koleksi Digital NUS Asia Research Institute ARI Working Papers Series K-Borneo, site requires registration |
| On the Malay Archipelago |
Archipel 1971-2004 (French search engine) BTLV 1853-1908, 1950-2009 Institute of the Malay World and Civilization, Sari 1999-2009, partly in English, partly in Bahasa Malaysia |
| On Borneo |
Borneo Research Bulletin |
| On Ethnology |
Tribal Arts 1994-2004 Shubunken. Asian Ethnology (formerly Asian Folklore Studies) 1942-2008 |
| On Military History | Mars et Historia, in Dutch on Dutch Military History |
| General Accounts | On Southeast Asia |
Nicholas Tarling, The Cambridge History of Southeast Asia, 4 vol.s, Cambridge : UP (1992) 1999, KMLA Lib.Sign. 959 T188c |
| On Indonesia, Dutch East Indies, Borneo |
Encyclopaedia Britannica, 15th edition, Macropaedia, Vol.21, pp.213-245 Article Indonesia KMLA Lib.Sign. R 032 B862h v.21 Steven Drakeley, The History of Indonesia, Westport CT : Greenwood 2005, KMLA Lib.Sign. 959.8 0763h |
| On Sambas |
| Historical Atlasses |
Jan M. Pluvier, Historical Atlas of Southeast Asia, Leiden : Brill 1995 [G] |
