1814-1851 World War I
1914-1918






Portugal : the late Kingdom, 1851-1910



After the coup of 1851, Portugal was a constitutional monarchy based on a two-party-system, with alternating governments. In a system similar to that of Spain, elections were held to legitimize newly formed administrations rather than to facilitate political change. Portugal experienced some economic progress and focussed on the development of it's African Empire. This policy suffered two setbacks - the establishment of the Congo Free State as recognized by the BERLIN CONFERENCE (1884/85) and the British ultimatum to withdraw from the lands on the central Zambezi.
Domestically, Portugal underwent a modernization program : the infrastructure was developed, roads and railways built, a postal and telegraph service established, schooling improved.
In 1908, King CARLOS was assassinated, his son MANUEL II. deposed in 1910, when the REPUBLIC was proclaimed.


EXTERNAL
FILES 		Library of Congress, Country Studies : Portugal
History of Portugal by Dark Angel
Charles A. Venturi, History of Europe 1856-1865, chronological list of events in intenational affairs, detailed, from Societe d'Europe, scroll down for Portugal
Armed Conflict Events Data : Portugal 1800-1999, from OnWar.com
DOCUMENTS Provisional Convention between Portugal and Hawaii, 1882, from Hawaiian Independence Home Page
REFERENCE James Maxwell Anderson, The History of Portugal, Greenwood 2000, 248 pp.; KMLA Lib.Sign. 946.9 A546h
David Birmingham, A Concise History of Portugal, Cambridge UP, 1993, 209 pp.; KMLA Lib.Sign. 946.9 B619a
Douglas L. Wheeler (ed.), Historical Dictionary of Portugal, Scarecrow 2003; KMLA Lib.Sign. R 946.9 W562h
Article : Portugal, in : Statesman's Year Book 1878 pp.344-357, 1895 pp.827-843, 1898 pp.827-844, 1901 pp.925-944, 1905 pp.1005-1026, 1910 pp.1106-1123 [G]
Article : Portugal, in : Appleton's Annual Cyclopedia and Register of Important Events 1902 pp.569-572 [G]
Article : Portugal, in : International Year Book 1899 p.669, 1900 pp.745-746 [G]
Article : Portugal, in : New International Year Book 1907 pp.645-647, 1908 pp.574-576, 1909 pp.593-595 [G]



This page is part of World History at KMLA
First posted in 2000, last revised on March 23rd 2007

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