ÿþ<html> <head> <title> WHKMLA : Timelines : Mali </title> <META name="keywords" keyword="French Soudan"> <!-- copyright Alexander Ganse, 2006-2007 --> </head> <body bgcolor="grey" text="black" link="blue" vlink="red" alink="brown"> <style> <!-- A{ font-weight: bold; font-size: 10pt; font-face: arial; } --> </style> <DIV align ="center"> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD align = "center" valign = "center"> <A HREF = "../../index.html"> <img src = "../../whkmla2.jpg" border = "0"></a></TD></TR></TABLE> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD width = "200" height = "36" align = "center" valign = "center"> <font size = "2" face = "arial"><B> Mali <BR> Index Page </b></font></TD> <TD width = "36" height = "36" align = "center" valign = "center"> <A HREF = "xmali.html"> <img src = "../../region/arrowleft.gif" width = "36" height = "36" border = "0"> </a></TD> <TD align = "center" valign = "center"> <A HREF = "xmali.html"> <img src = "../banners/banmali.jpg" border = "0"> </TD> <TD width = "36" height = "36" align = "center" valign = "center"> <A HREF = "../../histatlas/westafrica/haxmali.html"> <img src = "../../region/arrowright.gif" width = "36" height = "36" border = "0"> </a></TD> <TD width = "200" height = "36" align = "center" valign = "center"> <font size = "2" face = "arial"><B> Historical Atlas <BR> Mali </b></font></TD></TR></TABLE> <font size = "3" face = "arial"><B><i>First posted on March 27th 2005</i></b></font><BR><BR><BR><BR> <script language="JavaScript"> <!-- function SymError() { return true; } window.onerror = SymError; //--> </script> <script type="text/javascript"><!-- google_ad_client = "pub-5834279270464755"; google_alternate_color = "FFFFE1"; google_ad_width = 728; google_ad_height = 90; google_ad_format = "728x90_as"; google_ad_channel ="4814426207"; google_ad_type = "text"; //2007-02-17: MIT_ Ganse google_ad_channel = "0420158018"; google_color_border = "FF3300"; google_color_bg = "FFFFE1"; google_color_link = "0000CC"; google_color_url = "008000"; google_color_text = "6F6F6F"; //--></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js"> </script> <BR><BR><BR><BR> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD align = "center" valign = "center" width = "900"> <font face = "Times Roman" size = "5"><B> Timeline : Mali </B></font> </TD></TR></TABLE> <BR><BR> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD align = "left" valign = "center" width = "110"> <font face = "Times Roman" size = "2"> 1880 <BR> 1883 <BR> 1890 <BR> 1892 <BR><BR> 1893 <BR> 1894 <BR> 1895 <BR> 1898 <BR> 1899 <BR><BR> 1900 <BR> 1902 <BR> 1904 <BR> 1905 <BR> 1906 <BR> 1907 <BR> 1908 <BR> 1911 <BR> 1915 <BR> 1916 <BR> 1919 <BR> 1920 <BR> 1926 <BR> 1932 <BR> 1945 <BR> 1946 <BR> 1947 <BR> 1951 <BR> 1956 <BR> 1958 <BR> 1959 <BR> 1960 <BR> 1960 <BR> 1960 <BR> 1960 <BR> 1961-1965 <BR> 1962 <BR> 1962 <BR> 1963 <BR> 1967 <BR> 1968 <BR> 1970-1973 <BR> 1972-1974 <BR> 1974 <BR> 1975 <BR> 1975 <BR> 1976 <BR> 1979 <BR> 1984 <BR> 1985 <BR> 1991 <BR> 1992 <BR> 1994 <BR> 1995 <BR> 1996 <BR> 1999 <BR> 2000 <BR> </font></TD> <TD align = "left" valign = "center" width = "600"> <font face = "Times Roman" size = "2"> Haut Senegal (Upper Senegal) separated from Senegal, placed under military administration <BR> Bamako taken by the French <BR> Haut Senegal (Upper Senegal) renamed Soudan Fran&ccedil;ais (French Sudan) <BR> French Soudan granted autonomy (hitherto under Governor of Senegal, now directly under <BR> Paris <BR> Begin of civilian administration <BR> First postage stamps issued for French Sudan <BR> French West Africa constituted <BR> French conquest of modern Mali completed <BR> French Sudan divided into Upper Senegal and Middle Niger, under civilian administration <BR> (seat at Kayes) and military districts centered on Tombouctou, Bobo Dioulasso <BR> Military district of Zinder added <BR> French Sudan placed under Governor of Senegal, renamed Senegambia and Niger <BR> Senegambia and Niger renamed Upper Senegal and Niger <BR> Bamako Chamber of Commerce established <BR> Railway line Dakar-Bamako opened for traffic <BR> Capital of Upper Senegal & Niger moved from Kayes to Bamako <BR> Border between French Sudan and (French) Sahara fixed <BR> Bambara revolt in Beledougou <BR> Tuareg Revolt <BR> Niger (Mil. district of Zinder) detached from Upper Senegal and Niger <BR> Upper Volta detached from Upper Senegal and Niger <BR> Upper Senegal and Niger renamed French Sudan <BR> Census : population 2,634,900 <BR> <A HREF = "xbfaso.html">Upper Volta</A> partitioned; northern part annexed by French Sudan <BR> Currency reform; CFA introduced <BR> Formation of political parties : Union Soudanaise, Parti Progressiste Soudanais <BR> <A HREF = "xbfaso.html">Upper Volta</A> restored <BR> National Museum founded <BR> Women granted the right to vote <BR> French Soudan became Republic of Soudan, autonomous within French Union <BR> Mali Federation established by Senegal, Soudan <BR> Mali Federation became independent <BR> <A HREF = "xsenegal.html">Senegal</A> seceded from the Mali Federation; Republic of Mali proclaimed <BR> Mali joined the U.N. <BR> Mali socialist One-Party State; constitution <BR> Five Year Development Plan <BR> Currency reform, Mali Franc introduced <BR> Tuareg Revolt <BR> Mali founding member of O.A.U. <BR> Malian version of Cultural Revolution <BR> Coup d'etat <BR> Three Year Development Program <BR> Sahel drought and famine <BR> constitution <BR> Mali founding member of ECOWAS <BR> <A HREF = "../northafrica/xmauritania.html">Mauritania</A> ceded border territory to Mali <BR> Census : population 6,398,900 <BR> Constitution; elections <BR> Mali joined WAMU <BR> Border conflict with <A HREF = "xbfaso.html">Burkina Faso</A> <BR> Coup d'etat ousted President Traore <BR> Free elections <BR> WAMU upgraded to WAEMU <BR> Peace agreement with Tuaregs (who fought since 1990) <BR> University of Bamako opened <BR> Fighting between Kunta, Arabs resulted in casualties <BR> Population estimate 10,685,900 <BR> </font></TD> </TR></TABLE><BR><BR> </TR></TABLE><BR><BR><BR><BR> </div><div align = "center"> <script language="JavaScript"> <!-- function SymError() { return true; } window.onerror = SymError; //--> </script> <script type="text/javascript"><!-- google_ad_client = "pub-0213752126925919"; google_alternate_color = "FFFFE1"; google_ad_width = 728; google_ad_height = 90; google_ad_format = "728x90_as"; google_ad_channel ="4814426207"; google_ad_type = "text"; google_color_border = "FF3300"; google_color_bg = "FFFFE1"; google_color_link = "0000CC"; google_color_url = "008000"; google_color_text = "6F6F6F"; //--></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js"> </script> <BR><BR><BR> <TABLE border = "3" cellspace="5" cellpadding="5" align="center"> <TR> <TD width = "100" valign = "top" align = "center" bgcolor="#FFFACD"> <font size = "3" face = "Times Roman" color = "#000000"> EXTERNAL <BR> FILES </font></TD> <TD width = "750" valign = "top" align = "left" bgcolor = "#FFFACD"> <font size = "2" face = "Times Roman" color = "#000000"> Timeline, from <A HREF = "http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/country_profiles/1022844.stm"><B>BBC News</B></A> <BR> Historical Population Statistics : Mali, from <A HREF = "http://www.library.uu.nl/wesp/populstat/Africa/malic.htm"><B>Population Statistics</B></A> at Univ. Utrecht <BR> History of Mali, from <A HREF = "http://www.ecowas.info/malhist.htm"><B>ECOWAS Info</B></A> <BR> International Boundary Study : Algeria-Mali, from <A HREF = "http://www.law.fsu.edu/library/collection/LimitsinSeas/IBS096.pdf"><B> U.S. Dept. of State</B></A> <BR> Wars of Mali, from <A HREF = "http://www.onwar.com/aced/nation/may/mali/findex.htm"><B>ACED</B></A> <BR> </font></TD> </TR></TABLE> <TABLE border = "3" cellspace="5" cellpadding="5" align="center"> <TR> <TD width = "100" valign = "top" align = "center" bgcolor="#FFFACD"> <font size = "3" face = "Times Roman" color = "#000000"> DOCUMENTS </font></TD> <TD width = "750" valign = "top" align = "left" bgcolor = "#FFFACD"> <font size = "2" face = "Times Roman" color = "#000000"> </font></TD> </TR></TABLE> <TABLE border = "3" cellspace="5" cellpadding="5" align="center"> <TR> <TD width = "100" valign = "top" align = "center" bgcolor="#FFFACD"> <font size = "3" face = "Times Roman" color = "#000000"> REFERENCE </font></TD> <TD width = "750" valign = "top" align = "left" bgcolor = "#FFFACD"> <font size = "2" face = "Times Roman" color = "#000000"> Pascal James Imperato, Historical Dictionary of Mali, Metuchen : Scarecrow 1977 [G] <BR> </font></TD> </TR></TABLE> <BR><BR> </DIV> <DIV align="center"> <A href="mailto:aganse@hotmail.com"> <IMG src="../../email.gif" border="0"></a><BR> <BR><BR><BR><BR><BR> <!-- Start of CH Counter --> <script type="text/javascript"> //<!-- // chCounter v2.0.0 // settings: cstatus = "active"; visible = "1"; path_to_counterfile = "http://www.zum.de/whkmla/counter/counter.php"; urlhp = "http://www.zum.de"; //////////////// url = unescape(location.href); file = url.substring(url.lastIndexOf(urlhp) + urlhp.length, url.length); file = (file.charAt(0) != "/") ? 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