Text Workbook Quiz
Notes






... Geography (see maps 265, 100, Rome, Carthago 265)
..... Area affected : from Spain to Syria, from the Rhine/Danube to the Sahara
..... know provinces: Italy, Cisalpine Gaul, Illyria, Gaul, Spain, Numidia, Africa (prov.), Sicily, Sardinia, Corsica
..... know cities : Rome, Carthago, Carthago Nova, Syracuse, Tarentum

... Carthago
..... republic, Phoenician colony founded ca. 800, dominated maritime trade in western Mediterranean, Phoenician religion : Baal, Moloch; established trading Empire in W. Mediterranean (N.Africa, W. Sicily, Sardinia, Corsica, SE Spain)
..... relation with Rome long free of conflict; Punic Wars, Hamilcar Barcas, Hannibal

... Roman Republic
..... constitution : legendary foundation by Romulus (753), expulsion of 7th king Tarquinius Superbus, establishment of Republic by M. Iunius Brutus 509
..... officials : two consuls, censors, praetors; senate; nobles, patricians, plebeians; tribunes; dictators; imperator; further expressions : fasces, legion, veteran, colony, spoils, citizen, ally
..... religion : Roman pantheon similar to Greek; Iupiter, Iuno, Mars, Venus, Vesta, Ceres, Diana, Bacchus; specific Roman gods Ianus, Iustitia
..... economy : latifundia, slavery, aqueduct
..... science and literature : emerges late, inspired by contact with Hellenistic world : Cicero, Horace, Vergil, Maecenas; Roman alphabet. Oldest texts of importance : Twelve Tables (Law), Sibylline Books (oracles, lost); Historians : Sallust, Caesar
..... famous Romans : Fabius Cunctator, Scipio Africanus the Elder, Marius, Sulla, Cicero, Catilina, Spartacus, Pompey, Iulius Caesar, Mark Antony, Octavian
..... Roman Wars : War with Tarentum (Pyrrhus), 1st Punic War, 2nd Punic War, Invasion of Cimbri, Teutones, Civil War (Marius/Sulla), Conquest of Gaul, Civil War (Caesar/Pompey), Civil War (Caesar's heirs/conspirators), Civil War (Octavian/M. Antony)
..... Roman opponents : Carthaginians, Celts, Magna Graecia, Macedon, Seleucids, Cimbri, Teutones, Numidians, Egypt

... Legacy
..... Expansion of Roman citizenship (89) established society egalitarian in front of the law; Roman citizen enjoyed personal dignity (protection from torture, certain civil rights). Modern legal terminology to a large part of Roman origin
..... Roman domination of the Western Mediterranean resulted in Romanization : Romance languages (Italian, Spanish, French, Portuguese, Rumanian); Latin alphabet common to Europe except Greek/Cyrillic East


This page is part of World History at KMLA
Last revised on June 27th 2001

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