| People | Comment |
| Battle of Granicus 334 |
Alexander's Macedonians defeated regional Persian forces in Asia Minor. The victory opened the gates of cities in Asia Minor to Alexander. |
| Battle of Issus 333 |
Alexander's Macedonians defeated Persian army under Darius. Darius fled; Syria and Egypt fell to Alexander. |
| Battle of Gaugamela 331 |
Alexander's Macedonians defeated Persian army under Darius. Darius fled, left behind wife and daughter. Last major battle in the conquest of the Persian Empire. |
| Battle of Ipsus 301 |
Decisive battle in the quest for partition of Alexander's Empire. Antigonus was defeated by Seleucus Nicator and his allies, Ptolemy I. Soter and Lysimachus. |
| Battle of Corupedium 281 |
Seleucus I. Nicator defeated Lysimachus, who fell in battle. |
| Battle of Heraclea 280 |
First defeat inflicted on Romans by Pyrrhus, but not decisive. |
| Battle of Asculum 279 |
Second defeat inflicted on Romans by Pyrrhus, but not decisive. |
| Battle of Beneventum 275 |
Although Roman historiography claims a Roman victory over Pyrrhus in this battle, it is assumed that this battle also ended in a defeat of the Romans by Pyrrhus |
| Battle of Sellasia 222 |
In this battle, the Macedonians under Antigonus III. Doson decisively defeated the Spartans under Cleomenes III., ending Spartan independence. |
| Battle of Cynoscephalae 197 |
Roman victory over Macedonia under Philip V. Macedonia deprived of its status as great power. |
| Battle of Thermopylae 190 |
Seleucids under Antiochus III. the Great defeated by Romans. |
| Battle of Magnesia 190 |
Seleucids under Antiochus III. the Great defeated by Romans. |
| Battle of Pydna 168 |
Macedonians defeated by Romans; Macedonian king Perseus fled. Macedonia was annexed by Rome. |
| Battle of Actium 31 |
A Roman-Egyptian fleet under Marc Antony and Cleopatra was defeated by a Roman fleet under Octavianus and Agrippa. Alexandria fell in 30; Egypt was annexed by Rome. |