ÿþ<html> <head> <title> WHKMLA : Timelines : Central Europe </title> <!-- copyright Alexander Ganse, 2003-2007 --> </head> <body bgcolor="lightblue" text="black" link="blue" vlink="red" alink="brown"> <style> <!-- A{ font-weight: bold; font-size: 10pt; font-face: arial; } --> </style> <DIV align ="center"> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD align = "center" valign = "center"> <A HREF = "../../index.html"> <img src = "../../whkmla2.jpg" border = "0"></a></TD></TR></TABLE> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD align = "center" valign = "center"> <A HREF = "../periods.html"> <img src = "../../meh.jpg" border = "0"> </a></TD></TR></TABLE> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD width = "150" height = "36" align = "center" valign = "center"> <font size = "2" face = "arial"><B> </b></font></TD> <TD width = "36" height = "36" align = "center" valign = "center"> <img src = "../../region/arrowleft.gif" width = "36" height = "36" border = "0"> </a></TD> <TD align = "center" valign = "center"> <A HREF = "xtimelines.html"> <img src = "../timelines.jpg" border = "0"> </TD> <TD width = "36" height = "36" align = "center" valign = "center"> <img src = "../../region/arrowright.gif" width = "36" height = "36" border = "0"> </a></TD> <TD width = "100" height = "36" align = "center" valign = "center"> <font size = "2" face = "arial"><B> </b></font></TD></TR></TABLE> <font size = "3" face = "arial"><B><i>First posted on May 9th 2003, last revised on September 9th 2004 </i></b></font><BR><BR><BR><BR> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD align = "center" valign = "center" width = "900"> <font face = "Times Roman" size = "5"><B> Timeline : Central Europe (Austria, Czech Rep., Slovakia, Hungary, Slovenia, Croatia) </B></font> <BR> <font face = "Times Roman" size = "2"><i> http://www.zum.de/whkmla/timelines/meh/tlceurope.html </i></font></B> </TD></TR></TABLE> <BR><BR> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD align = "left" valign = "center" width = "110"> <font face = "Times Roman" size = "2"> 1438 <BR> 1526 <BR><BR><BR> 1529 <BR> 1541 <BR> 1556 <BR><BR> 1575-1586 <BR> 1618 <BR><BR> 1618-1648 <BR> 1620 <BR><BR><BR> 1683 <BR><BR> 1699 <BR><BR> 1701-1714 <BR> 1713 <BR><BR><BR> 1718 <BR> 1733-1735 <BR> 1740 <BR> 1740-1742 <BR> 1741-1748 <BR> 1745 <BR> 1756-1763 <BR> 1772 <BR> 1775 <BR> 1780-1790 <BR> 1795 <BR> 1797 <BR> 1804 <BR> 1809 <BR> 1809-1848 <BR> 1815 <BR> 1816 <BR><BR> 1818 <BR> 1819 <BR> 1825 <BR><BR> 1830 <BR> 1848 II-1849 VIII <BR> 1848 III-VI <BR> 1848 III-X <BR> 1848 V <BR> 1848 IX-X <BR><BR> 1861 <BR> 1861 <BR> 1863-1879 <BR> 1867 <BR><BR> 1867 <BR> 1879-1893 <BR> 1882 <BR> 1882 <BR> 1888 <BR> 1889 <BR> 1893 <BR> 1900 <BR> 1907 <BR> 1914-1918 <BR> 1914 <BR> 1917 VII 20 <BR><BR> 1918 V <BR><BR> 1918 X <BR> 1918 XI 11 <BR> 1918 XII 1 <BR> 1919 IV-VIII <BR> 1919 VIII <BR> 1920 <BR> 1920 <BR> 1920 <BR> 1920 <BR> 1920-1921 <BR> 1920-1944 <BR> 1920 VI <BR> 1921 <BR> 1924 <BR> 1924 <BR> 1928 <BR> 1929 <BR> 1931 <BR> 1933 V <BR> 1934 II <BR><BR> 1934 <BR> 1938 III <BR> 1938 IX <BR> 1939 III <BR><BR> 1939-1945 <BR> 1941 IV <BR> 1941 IV <BR> 1944 III <BR> 1944 XII <BR> 1945 II <BR> 1945 <BR> 1945-1955 <BR> 1945 <BR> 1946 <BR> 1948 <BR> 1948 <BR> 1949 <BR> 1955 <BR> 1955 <BR> 1956 <BR> 1964 <BR> 1968 <BR> 1977 <BR> 1979 <BR> 1989 <BR> 1989 <BR><BR> 1992 <BR> 1993 I 1 <BR> 1995 <BR> </font></TD> <BR><TD align = "left" valign = "center" width = "600"> <font face = "Times Roman" size = "2"> Begin of Habsburg Dynasty's hold on Imperial Crown <BR> Battle of Mohacs; crushing defeat of Hungarian army at hands of Ottoman Turks; King <BR> killed in battle. Hungary de facto partitioned in three - Ottoman Hungary, Royal Hungary <BR> (Habsburg domain, capital Bratislava; Transylvania <BR> Ottomans lay siege to Vienna, abort it after three days <BR> Transylvania becomes Ottoman vassall <BR> Emperor Charles V. retires, Habsburg Dynasty split in two lines - Spanish Line (Philip II.), <BR> Austrian Line (Ferdinand) <BR> Stephen Bathory, Ruler of Transylvania, also King of Poland (Personal Union) <BR> Defenestration of Prague attempt by Bohemian Estates to establish Noble's Republic, <BR> as existing in Poland. They elect Count Palatinate King of Bohemia (Winter King) <BR> 30 Years' War <BR> Battle of White Mountain; Bohemian forces defeated by League forces; most Estate <BR> members executed, Habsburg rule restored; Bohemian lands administrated from <BR> Vienna <BR> Second siege of Vienna; ended by Battle of Kahlenberg, winner Polish King Jan <BR> Sobieski <BR> Treaty of Karlowitz; Ottoman Empire cedes Hungary except Banat, sovereignty over <BR> Transylvania <BR> War of Spanish Succession <BR> Pragmatic Sanction intended to establish recognition for succession of Maria <BR> Theresia; this is gained from regional estates, foreign powers by granting political <BR> concessions <BR> Treaty of Passarowitz; Ottoman Empire cedes Banat, Little Oltenia, Serbia to Habsburgs <BR> War of Polish Succession <BR> Death of Emperor Charles VI.; Maria Theresia succeeds <BR> First Silesian War; Austria cedes Silesia to Prussia <BR> War of Austrian Succession <BR> Second Silesian War <BR> Seven Years' War <BR> First Polish Partition; Austria gains Galicia <BR> Ottoman Empire cedes Bukovina to Austria <BR> Rule of Joseph II.; his arbitrary style alienates many <BR> Third Polish Partition; Austria gains 'Western Galicia' <BR> Treaty of Campo Formio; Venice Austrian <BR> After the HRE was practically abolished in 1803, Vienna uses title Emperor of Austria <BR> Austria cedes 'Illyrian Provinces' to France, 'Western Galicia' to Grand Duchy of Warsaw <BR> Metternich chancellor <BR> Vienna Congress <BR> Prague, Bohemia : Bernhard Bolzano publishes "On the Condition of the two Nationalities <BR> in Bohemia <BR> Prague, Bohemia : Czech National Museum founded <BR> Carlsbad Decrees <BR> Hungarian Diet establishes principle that no taxes could be collected without her approval; <BR> that it was to convene every three years <BR> Hungarian Academy of Sciences established <BR> Revolution in Hungary; suppressed <BR> Revolution in Prague; suppressed <BR> Revolution in Vienna, suppressed <BR> First Pan-Slavic Congress held in Prague <BR> HRO : Croatian troops under Ban Jelacic, fearful of Hungarian Cultural Domination, <BR> invade Hungary <BR> AH : Introduction of Reichsrat (Imperial Diet) <BR> AH : Religious Toleration granted to Protestants <BR> Bohemia : F.L. Rieger's Old Czech Party boycotts Reichsrat in Vienna <BR> Austro-Hungarian Ausgleich (Compromise) grants Hungarian diet political autonomy. <BR> Galicia (with Bukovina) granted equal political autonomy <BR> Austria joined the Latin Monetary Union <BR> A : Count Taaffe chancellor <BR> Bohemia : franchise extended; more Czechs represented in Bohemian diet <BR> University of Prague splits into two - a German, a Czech University <BR> Social Democratic Party of Austria founded <BR> Crown Prince Rudolf committed suicide at Mayerling <BR> Language Conflict at Celje High School (Slovenia); has Empire-wide implications <BR> Bohemia : Tomas Garrigue Masaryk founds Radical Party <BR> A : Reichsrat (Imperial Diet) for the first time elected in direct election <BR> World War I <BR> Yugoslav Committee founded in Florence, Italy <BR> Corfu Declaration - polititians from Croatia, Dalmatia, Slovenia, Bosnia, Herzegovina and <BR> Serbia express their wish to establish a Federated Constitutional Monarchy <BR> Pittsburgh Convention : Czech, Slovak emigres suggest establishment of <BR> Czechoslovak state <BR> Allies recognize Czecho-Slovak State <BR> Emperor Karl I. (Charles I.) abdicates; end of Austro-Hungarian Dual Monarchy <BR> Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (SHS) proclaimed <BR> Hungary a Soviet Republic (Bela Kun) <BR> Rumania invades Hungary; Soviet Republic toppled <BR> Austria adopts republican constitution, grants voting right to women <BR> Czechoslovakia adopts Republican, Federal Constitution <BR> SHS adopts constitution <BR> Fiume (Rijeka) declared a Free City <BR> CS, Rumania, SHS (later Yugoslavia) form Little Entente <BR> H : Admiral Horthy virtual dictator since 1921 <BR> Treaty of Trianon - Hungary loses 60 % ot prewar territory, population <BR> Czechoslovakia grants voting right to women <BR> A : Currency Reform; Schilling replaces Krone. End of Hyperinflation <BR> Fiume (Rijeka) annexed by Italy <BR> SHS : Stjepan Radic, head of Croatian Peasants Party, shot in Parliament <BR> SHS : Parliament dissolved, country renamed Yugoslavia <BR> A : Creditanstalt (major bank) fails <BR> A : Chancellor Engelbert Dollfuss begins to ruile by decree; presidential dictatorship <BR> A : Civil War (Social Democrat resistance to presidential dictatorship); Soc. Democrats <BR> excluded from Parliament <BR> A : Assassination of Chancellor Dollfuss by Austrian Nazis <BR> A : Anschluss (annexation) of Austria, by Germany <BR> Munich Pact; Czechoslovakia has to cede Sudetenland to Germany <BR> Germany occupies central Bohemia, Moravia; Slovakia declares independence; <BR> Hungary annexes Carpatho-Ukraine <BR> World War II <BR> Germany invades Yugoslavia; Croatia declares independence <BR> Hungary enters World War II as German ally <BR> Hungarian govt. negotiates with Soviets; German forces occupy Hungary <BR> H : Provisorical Govt. formed <BR> Yalta Conference; Czechoslovakia, Hungary in Soviet sphere of influence <BR> Czechoslovakia reestablished <BR> Austria partitioned in 4 Zones, under allied administration <BR> CS : Expulsion of Sudeten German minority <BR> H : Hyperinflation; Land Reform <BR> CS : Second Defenestration of Prague; People's Republic Proclaimed <BR> H : People's Republic proclaimed <BR> CS : Collectivization of farmland <BR> Austria gets Staatsvertrag, independence under condition of neutrality <BR> Hungary, Czechoslovakia join Warsaw Pact, Comecon <BR> Hungarian Rising <BR> Hungary liberalizes economic policy (Goulash Communism) <BR> CS : Spring of Prague <BR> CS : Charta 77 <BR> Hungary further liberalizes economic policy (Goulash Communism) <BR> Hungary cuts hole in Iron Curtain <BR> Hungary operates refugee camps for East German tourists wanting to move to West Germany, <BR> for ethnic Hungarian refugees from Rumania (Transylvania) <BR> Croatia, Slovenia declare independence <BR> Peaceful Disintegration of Czechoslovakia; Czech Republic, Slovak Republic established <BR> Austria joins EU <BR> </font></TD> </TR></TABLE><BR><BR> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD align = "left" valign = "center" width = "700"> <font face = "Times Roman" size = "2"> WHKMLA Country History Webpages : <BR> . . . <A HREF = "http://www.zum.de/whkmla/region/germany/xaustria.html">http://www.zum.de/whkmla/region/germany/xaustria.html</A> <BR> . . . <A HREF = "http://www.zum.de/whkmla/region/germany/ahindex.html">http://www.zum.de/whkmla/region/germany/ahindex.html</A> <BR> . . . <A HREF = "http://www.zum.de/whkmla/region/germany/xbohemia.html">http://www.zum.de/whkmla/region/germany/xbohemia.html</A> <BR> . . . <A HREF = "http://www.zum.de/whkmla/region/eceurope/xczechoslovakia.html">http://www.zum.de/whkmla/region/eceurope/xczechoslovakia.html"></A> <BR> . . . <A HREF = "http://www.zum.de/whkmla/region/eceurope/xslovakia.html">http://www.zum.de/whkmla/region/eceurope/xslovakia.html</A> <BR> . . . <A HREF = "http://www.zum.de/whkmla/region/germany/xslovenia.html">http://www.zum.de/whkmla/region/germany/xslovenia.html</A> <BR> . . . <A HREF = "http://www.zum.de/whkmla/region/balkans/xcroatia.html">http://www.zum.de/whkmla/region/balkans/xcroatia.html</A> <BR> . . . <A HREF = "http://www.zum.de/whkmla/region/eceurope/xhungary.html">http://www.zum.de/whkmla/region/eceurope/xhungary.html</A> <BR><BR> <A NAME = "bib">Bibliography</A> <BR><BR> Paula S. Fichtner (ed.), <A HREF = "http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0810836394/"><B>Historical Dictionary of Austria</B></A>, London : Scarecrow 1999, 328 pp., KMLA Lib. Sign. <B>R 943.6 F 445h</B> <BR> Derek Sayer, <A HREF = "http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0691057605/"><B>The Coasts of Bohemia</B></A>, A Czech History, Princeton : Univ. Press 1998, 442 pp., KMLA Lib.Sign. <B>943.71 S274t</B> <BR> Jiri Hochman, <A HREF = "http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0810833387/"><B>Historical Dictionary of the Czech State</B></A>, London : Scarecrow 1998, 272 pp., KMLA Lib.Sign. <B>R 943.71 H686h</B> <BR> Mikulas Teich (ed.), <A HREF = "http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0521431557/"><B>Bohemia in History</B></A>, Cambridge UP 1999, 350 pp.; KMLA Lib.Sign. <B>943.71 T262b</B> <BR> Peter F. Sugar (ed.), <A HREF = "http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0253355788/"><B>A History of Hungary</B></A>, Indiana Univ. Press 1990, 432 pp., KMLA Lib. Sign. <B>943.9 V 291h</B> <BR> Steve Bela Vardy (ed.), <A HREF = "http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0810832542/"><B>Historical Dictionary of Hungary</B></A>, London : Scarecrow 1997, 704 pp., KMLA Lib.Sign. <B>R 943.9 V 291h</B> <BR> Miklos Molnar, A Concise History of Hungary, (in French 1996), Cambridge : UP 2001, KMLA Lib.Sign. <B>943.9 M727c</B> <BR> A.P. Taylor, The Habsburg Monarchy 1809-1918, Chicago : UP (1948) 1976, KMLA Lib.Sign. <B>943.6 T238t</B> <BR> </font></TD> </TR></TABLE><BR><BR> </DIV> </DIV> <DIV align="center"> <A href="mailto:aganse@hotmail.com"> <IMG src="../../email.gif" border="0"></a><BR> </DIV><BR><BR><BR><BR><BR> <!-- Start of CH Counter --> <script type="text/javascript"> //<!-- // chCounter v2.0.0 // settings: cstatus = "active"; visible = "0"; path_to_counterfile = "http://www.zum.de/whkmla/counter/counter.php"; urlhp = "http://www.zum.de"; //////////////// url = unescape(location.href); file = url.substring(url.lastIndexOf(urlhp) + urlhp.length, url.length); file = (file.charAt(0) != "/") ? "/" + file : file; referer = (document.referrer) ? document.referrer : ""; document.write("<script type=\"text/javascript\" "); document.write("src=\"" + path_to_counterfile + "?chCounter_mode=js&status=" + cstatus + "&visible=" + visible); document.write("&seite=" + file + "&referer=" + referer + "&res_width=" + screen.width + "&res_height=" + screen.height + "\"></" + "script>"); //--> </script> <!-- End of CH Counter --> <BR> </body> </html>