ÿþ<html> <head> <title>WHKMLA : Timelines - Era of European Discovery of the Outside World </title> <!-- copyright Alexander Ganse, 2003-2006 --> </head> <body bgcolor="lightblue" text="black" link="blue" vlink="red" alink="brown"> <style> <!-- A{ font-weight: bold; font-size: 10pt; font-face: arial; } --> </style> <DIV align ="center"> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD align = "center" valign = "center"> <A HREF = "../../index.html"> <img src = "../../whkmla2.jpg" border = "0"> </a></TD></TR></TABLE> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD align = "center" valign = "center"> <img src = "../../meh.jpg" border = "0"> </a></TD></TR></TABLE> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD width = "200" height = "36" align = "center" valign = "center"> <font size = "2" face = "arial"><B> Timeline Renaissance </b></font></TD> <TD width = "36" height = "36" align = "center" valign = "center"> <A HREF = "tlren.html"> <img src = "../../region/arrowleft.gif" width = "36" height = "36" border = "0"> </a></TD> <TD align = "center" valign = "center"> <A HREF = "xtimelines.html"> <img src = "../timelines.jpg" border = "0"> </TD> <TD width = "36" height = "36" align = "center" valign = "center"> <A HREF = "tlref.html"> <img src = "../../region/arrowright.gif" width = "36" height = "36" border = "0"> </a></TD> <TD width = "200" height = "36" align = "center" valign = "center"> <font size = "2" face = "arial"><B> Timeline Reformation </b></font></TD></TR></TABLE> <font size = "3" face = "arial"><B><i>First posted on May 11th 2003, last revised on June 11th 2006</i></b></font><BR><BR><BR><BR> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD align = "center" valign = "center" width = "900"> <font face = "Times Roman" size = "5"><B> Timeline Era of European Discovery of the Outside World </B></font><BR> <font face = "Times Roman" size = "2"><i> http://www.zum.de/whkmla/timelines/meh/tldisc.html </i></font></B> </TD></TR></TABLE> <BR><BR> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD align = "left" valign = "center" width = "110"> <font face = "Times Roman" size = "2"> 1271-1296 <BR> 1325-1353 <BR> 1405-1433 <BR><BR> 1415 <BR> 1433 <BR> 1444 <BR> 1481 <BR> 1482 <BR> 1483 <BR> 1488 <BR> 1492 <BR> 1494 <BR> 1497 <BR><BR> 1497 <BR> 1498 <BR> 1500 <BR> 1511 <BR><BR> 1511 <BR> 1511 <BR> 1513 <BR><BR> 1513 <BR> 1519-1521 <BR> 1519-1522 <BR><BR><BR> 1525 <BR> 1526 <BR> 1528-1556 <BR> 1531 <BR> 1532 <BR><BR> 1532-1533 <BR> 1534 <BR> 1535 <BR> 1536 <BR> 1536-1544 <BR> 1538 <BR> 1539-1542 <BR> 1541 <BR> 1542-1552 <BR><BR> 1545 <BR> 1546 <BR> 1549 <BR> 1550 <BR> 1551 <BR> 1552 <BR> 1553 <BR><BR> 1555-1567 <BR> 1557 <BR> 1558 <BR> 1560 <BR><BR> 1565 <BR> 1566 <BR><BR> 1567 <BR> 1569 <BR> 1571 <BR> 1571 <BR> 1571 <BR> 1572 <BR><BR> 1573 <BR> 1577-1580 <BR> 1595 <BR> 1600 <BR><BR> 1602 <BR> 1605 <BR><BR> 1606 <BR><BR> 1607 <BR> 1608 <BR> 1609 <BR><BR> 1614 <BR> 1615-1617 <BR><BR> 1618 <BR> 1619 <BR><BR> 1620 <BR> 1621 <BR><BR> 1621 <BR><BR> 1623 <BR> 1624 <BR> 1624 <BR> 1625 <BR> 1625 <BR> 1628 <BR> 1630 <BR> 1635 <BR> 1637 <BR> 1637 <BR> 1638-1658 <BR> 1641 <BR><BR> 1642-1644 <BR><BR> 1652 <BR><BR> </font></TD> <BR><TD align = "left" valign = "center" width = "600"> <font face = "Times Roman" size = "2"> Travels of Marco Polo <BR> Travels of Ibn Battuta <BR> Travels of Chinese Explorer Zheng He <BR><BR> The Portuguese conquer Ceuta, hear of Trans-Saharan Gold Trade <BR> P : Prince Henry the Navigator founds <A HREF = "../../histdic/meh/hddisc.html#navgatorsschool">Navigator's School</A> at Sagres <BR> Dinis Dias (Port.) reaches Cape Verde <BR> Diogo Cao (Port.) reaches the estuary of the Congo River <BR> Portuguese construct trade fort at Elmina on the Gold Coast <BR> Portuguese settle Sao Tome, establish <A HREF = "../../histdic/meh/hddisc.html#plantation">Sugar Plantation Economy</A> <BR> Bartolome Dias reaches <A HREF = "../../histdic/meh/hddisc.html#capeofgoodhope">Cape of Good Hope</A> <BR> Christopher Columbus discovers New World which he calls <A HREF = "../../histdic/meh/hddisc.html#westindies">West India</A> <BR> <A HREF = "../../histdic/meh/hddisc.html#treatyoftordesillas">Treaty of Tordesillas</A>; Spain and Portugal split globe outside Europe <BR> Amerigo Vespucci, sailing for Castile/Spain, sights coastal stretch of Brazil or Guyana, <BR> recognizes it to be a continent, which subseqiently was named after him - America <BR> Giovanni Caboto (John Cabot, Italian sailing for the King of England) reaches Newfoundland <BR> Vasco da Gama first European to reach India (Malabar Coast) by Sea <BR> Pedro Alvares Cabral (P) accidentally discovers Brazil <BR> A Portuguese fleet, under Alfonso de Albuquerque, takes Goa, which becomes the capital of the <BR> Portuguese Maritime Empire in the Indian Ocean <BR> A Portuguese fleet under Alfonso de Albuquerque takes Malacca <BR> Diego de Velasquez (E) conquers and settles Cuba <BR> Vasco Nunez de Balboa discovers the Pacific Ocean (it is christened by Magellan, a few <BR> years later) <BR> Juan Ponce de Leon (E) discovers what he believes to be the island of Florida <BR> Hernan Cortes conquers Aztec Empire <BR> Magellan undertakes attempt to circumnavigate the world; gives name to Pacific Ocean. In 1521 <BR> he is killed in the Philippines; one of his three ships completes the <A HREF = "../../histdic/meh/hddisc.html#circumnavigation">circumnavigation</A>; 80 sailors <BR> out of an original crew of 300 reach their homeland. <BR> <A HREF = "../../histdic/meh/hddisc.html#treatyofzaragoza">Treaty of Zaragoza</A>, establishes line dividing Span., Portuguese interests in the Pacific <BR> First African <A HREF = "../../histdic/meh/hddisc.html#slavetrade">Slaves</A> brought to Cuba <BR> Venezuela granted, by King of Spain, to Welser Family of Augsburg (bankers) as pawn <BR> Spaniards on Santo Domingo start growing tobacco on plantations <BR> First European settlement in Brazil established by Portuguese at Sao Vincente; <A HREF = "../../histdic/meh/hddisc.html#plantation">Sugar <BR> Plantation Industry</A> introduced <BR> Francisco Pizarro conquers Inca Empire <BR> Jacques Cartier reaches the St. Lawrence River <BR> Foundation of Lima <BR> Pedro de Mendoza founds Buenos Aires, Asuncion; Buenos Aires soon given up; resettled 1580 <BR> Peru : Inca Rising under Manca Capac <BR> Foundation of Bogota <BR> Hernan de Soto (E) traverses what is now the SE USA <BR> Foundation of Santiago de Chile <BR> St. Francis Xavier in Asia (1542-45 in Goa, 1546-1548 Malacca, Insulinde; 1549-1552 Japan, <BR> died 1552 off China) <BR> The Spanish find silver at Potosi in Alta Peru (modern Bolivia) <BR> Peru : Archdiocesis of Lima established <BR> Brazil : Tome de Sousa appointed first Portuguese Governor <BR> Viceroyalty of Peru established, with capital Lima <BR> Lima, Peru : University of San Marcos founded <BR> Cuba : capital moved from Santiago to Havana <BR> Willoughby, Engl. Navigator, while looking for NE Passage, sights Novaya Zemlya; perishes <BR> there the year after <BR> French settle at Guanabara Bay; settlement destroyed by Portuguese 1567 <BR> Portuguese establish settlement at Macao on banks of Pearl River <BR> Cuba sacked by French pirates <BR> Jean Nicot de Villemain, France's ambassador to Portugal, writes of tobacco's medicinal <BR> properties <BR> Miguel Lopez de Legaspi claims Philippines for Spain (although located in Portuguese sector) <BR> Death of Bartolome de las Casas, Bishop of Chiapas 1542-1544, author of the <BR> "Tears of the Indians" <BR> Mem de Sa (Port.) founds Rio de Janeiro <BR> Mercator World Map published <BR> King Sebastiao outlaws overseas trade of Brazilians with anyone but Portuguese <BR> Foundation of Manila <BR> Peru : Inca resistance, under Tupac Amaru, ends <BR> Willem Barentsz and Jacob Heemskerck, while looking for <A HREF = "../../histdic/meh/hddisc.html#nepassage">NE Passage</A>, discover <BR> Spitsbergen Islands (present Svalbard)<BR> Francis Drake captures Spanish silver transport while transported across isthm of Panama <BR> Francis Drake (Eng) circumnavigates globe <BR> First Dutch Fleet under Cornelis Houtman reaches East Indies <BR> ENG : <A HREF = "../../histdic/meh/hddisc.html#eic">East India Company</A> founded; irrelevant until it acquires Bombay in 1661; has monopoly <BR> for trade beyond the Cape. <BR> NL : <A HREF = "../../histdic/meh/hddisc.html#voc">V.O.C.</A> (United East India Company) founded, monopoly for trade beyond the Cape. <BR> Steven van der Haghen (Dutch <A HREF = "../../histdic/meh/hddisc.html#voc">V.O.C.</A>) establishes Dutch control over Spice Islands (Moluccas) <BR> by expelling Portuguese <BR> Capt. Willem Janszoon (Dutch, <A HREF = "../../histdic/meh/hddisc.html#voc">V.O.C.</A>) first European on record to reach Australia (barren NW <BR> coast; the country, on maps, is referred to as Terra Australis, attached to Antarctica) <BR> Virginia Company (Eng) establishes colony at Jamestown, Virginia <BR> Samuel de Champlain (F) founds the city of Quebec <BR> Henry Hudson, Engl. captain in Dutch service, while looking for <A HREF = "../../histdic/meh/hddisc.html#nwpassage">NW passage</A>, reaches the <BR> Hudson River <BR> NL : Nordic Company founded, to hunt whales and find <A HREF = "../../histdic/meh/hddisc.html#nepassage">NE Passage</A>; dissolved 1642 <BR> Jacob le Maire, Willem Schouten (Dutch) pass Cape Horn, cross Pacific; are placed under <BR> arrest in Batavia 1616 <BR> DK : Danish East India Company acquires Frederiksnagar in Bengal; in 1620 Tranquebar <BR> Jan Pieterszoon Coen (Dutch <A HREF = "../../histdic/meh/hddisc.html#voc">V.O.C.</A>) conquers Jakatra, founds Batavia on her ruins - capital <BR> of <A HREF = "../../histdic/meh/hddisc.html#voc">V.O.C.</A> Empire <BR> Pilgrim Fathers (Eng) found colony at Plymouth, Massachusetts <BR> NL : <A HREF = "../../histdic/meh/hddisc.html#wic">W.I.C.</A> (West India Company) founded; monopoly for Atlantic trade outside European <BR> Waters <BR> <A HREF = "../../histdic/meh/hddisc.html#voc">V.O.C.</A> massacres entire population of Banda island (V.O.C. agent Peter Verhoeff had been <BR> murdered on Banda in 1607) <BR> <A HREF = "../../histdic/meh/hddisc.html#voc">V.O.C.</A> murders English merchants on Ambon, Moluccas - to get rid of competition <BR> English settle St. Kitts, establish tobacco plantations <BR> <A HREF = "../../histdic/meh/hddisc.html#voc">V.O.C.</A> settles Formosa (Taiwan); lost to Chinese rebellion 1642 <BR> Dutch <A HREF = "../../histdic/meh/hddisc.html#wic">W.I.C.</A> 'purchase' Manhattan Island; foundation of Nieuw Amsterdam (present New York) <BR> English settle Barbados <BR> Dutch <A HREF = "../../histdic/meh/hddisc.html#wic">W.I.C.</A> settles on Tobago <BR> Dutch Fleet takes Brazil's sugar plantation country <BR> French claim Guadeloupe, Martinique <BR> Dutch take Elmina on Gold Coast from Portuguese <BR> New Sweden Company founded; New Sweden (Delaware, w. New Jersey) settled <BR> Dutch <A HREF = "../../histdic/meh/hddisc.html#voc">V.O.C.</A> takes Portuguese possessions on Ceylon (modern Sri Lanka) <BR> Japan bars any foreigner but the Dutch (<A HREF = "../../histdic/meh/hddisc.html#voc">V.O.C.</A>) to enter Japanese ports; the <A HREF = "../../histdic/meh/hddisc.html#voc">V.O.C.</A> may send <BR> one ship annually to Nagasaki, operate store at artificial island of Deshima <BR> Abel Tasman (Dutch <A HREF = "../../histdic/meh/hddisc.html#voc">V.O.C.</A>) first European on record to see New Zealand, to circumnavigate <BR> Australia <BR> Jan van Riebeeck (Dutch <A HREF = "../../histdic/meh/hddisc.html#voc">V.O.C.</A>) founds Kaapstad (Cape Town), settles Boers (Dutch <BR> farmers) there to grow vegetables for bypassing ships <BR> </font></TD> </TR></TABLE><BR><BR> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD align = "left" valign = "center" width = "500"> <font face = "Times Roman" size = "2"> </font></TD> </TR></TABLE><BR><BR> </DIV> <DIV align="center"> <A href="mailto:aganse@hotmail.com"> <IMG src="../../email.gif" border="0"></a><BR> <BR><BR><BR><BR><BR> <!-- Start of CH Counter --> <script type="text/javascript"> //<!-- // chCounter v2.0.0 // settings: cstatus = "active"; visible = "0"; path_to_counterfile = "http://www.zum.de/whkmla/counter/counter.php"; urlhp = "http://www.zum.de"; //////////////// url = unescape(location.href); file = url.substring(url.lastIndexOf(urlhp) + urlhp.length, url.length); file = (file.charAt(0) != "/") ? 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