ÿþ<html> <head> <title> WHKMLA : Timelines : Germany </title> <!-- copyright Alexander Ganse, 2003-2007 --> </head> <body bgcolor="lightblue" text="black" link="blue" vlink="red" alink="brown"> <style> <!-- A{ font-weight: bold; font-size: 10pt; font-face: arial; } --> </style> <DIV align ="center"> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD align = "center" valign = "center"> <A HREF = "../../index.html"> <img src = "../../whkmla2.jpg" border = "0"></a></TD></TR></TABLE> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD align = "center" valign = "center"> <A HREF = "../periods.html"> <img src = "../../meh.jpg" border = "0"> </a></TD></TR></TABLE> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD width = "150" height = "36" align = "center" valign = "center"> <font size = "2" face = "arial"><B> </b></font></TD> <TD width = "36" height = "36" align = "center" valign = "center"> <img src = "../../region/arrowleft.gif" width = "36" height = "36" border = "0"> </a></TD> <TD align = "center" valign = "center"> <A HREF = "xtimelines.html"> <img src = "../timelines.jpg" border = "0"> </TD> <TD width = "36" height = "36" align = "center" valign = "center"> <img src = "../../region/arrowright.gif" width = "36" height = "36" border = "0"> </a></TD> <TD width = "100" height = "36" align = "center" valign = "center"> <font size = "2" face = "arial"><B> </b></font></TD></TR></TABLE> <font size = "3" face = "arial"><B><i>First posted on April 25th 2003, last revised on September 21st 2007 </i></b></font><BR><BR><BR><BR> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD align = "center" valign = "center" width = "900"> <font face = "Times Roman" size = "5"><B> Timeline : Germany </B></font> <BR> <font face = "Times Roman" size = "2"><i> http://www.zum.de/whkmla/timelines/meh/tlgermany.html </i></font></B> </TD></TR></TABLE> <BR><BR> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD align = "left" valign = "center" width = "110"> <font face = "Times Roman" size = "2"> 1356 <BR> 1448 <BR> 1517 <BR> 1524-1525 <BR> 1530 <BR> 1546-1547 <BR> 1555 <BR> 1618 <BR> 1648 <BR> 1740-1748 <BR> 1740-1786 <BR> 1740-1780 <BR> 1780-1790 <BR> 1803 <BR> 1806 <BR> 1807-1815 <BR> 1815 <BR> 1833 <BR> 1848-1849 <BR> 1862 <BR> 1864 <BR> 1866 <BR> 1867 <BR> 1870-1871 <BR> 1871 <BR> 1871-1890 <BR> 1878-1890 <BR> 1884-1885 <BR> 1890 <BR> 1918 XI 9 <BR> 1933 I 30 <BR> 1935 <BR> 1938 XI 9 <BR> 1939 IX 1 <BR> 1942 <BR> 1945 V 8 <BR> 1948-1949 <BR> 1949 <BR> 1955 <BR> 1957 <BR> 1961 <BR> 1971 <BR> 1977 <BR> 1989 XI 9 <BR> 1990 X 3 <BR> </font></TD> <BR><TD align = "left" valign = "center" width = "600"> <font face = "Times Roman" size = "2"> Golden Bull - "Constitution" of the Holy Roman Empire <BR> Begin of Habsburg Dynasty's hold on Imperial Crown <BR> Luther nails 95 theses to church door in Wittenberg; begin of Reformation <BR> German Peasants War <BR> Augsburg Confession <BR> Schmalkaldic War <BR> Peace of Augsburg <BR> Defenestration of Prague begins 30 Years War <BR> Peace of Westphalia <BR> War of Austrian Succession <BR> Prussia : Rule of Frederick the Great <BR> Austria : Rule of Maria Theresia <BR> Austria : Rule of Joseph II. <BR> Reichsdeputationshauptschluss; de-facto dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire <BR> Confederation of the Rhine established by Napoleon Bonaparte <BR> Prussia : Stein-Hardenberg Reforms <BR> Vienna Congress <BR> Establishment of the Deutscher Zollverein <BR> German Revolution; Frankfurt Parliament <BR> Otto von Bismarck appointed Prussian Chancellor <BR> German-Danish War <BR> Austro-Prussian War (Seven Weeks War); Austria leaves German Federation <BR> Northern German Federation founded, under Prussian Leadership <BR> Franco-German War <BR> German Unification <BR> Bismarck launches Kulturkampf, attempt to subject Catholic Church to the State <BR> Anti-Socialist Laws <BR> Berlin Conference (Congo Conference); Germany becomes Colonial Power <BR> Chancellor Otto von Bismarck dismissed <BR> Republic proclaimed (Weimar Republic); Kaiser Wilhelm II. abdicates Nov. 11th <BR> Adolf Hitler appointed Chancellor <BR> Nuremberg Race Laws <BR> "Kristallnacht" - systematic pogrom causes mass exodus of German Jews; begin of Holocaust <BR> German Invasion of Poland marks begin of WW II in Europe <BR> Wannsee Conference <BR> Germany surrenders unconditionally; World War II ends <BR> Berlin Blockade and Airlift <BR> FRG, GDR founded <BR> Rearmament; FRG joins NATO, GDR joins Warsaw Pact <BR> FRG founding member and main paymaster of EEC <BR> Construction of Berlin Wall <BR> FRG Chancellor Willy Brandt awarded Nobel Peace Prize for Detente Policy (Ostpolitik) <BR> Climax of RAF Terrorism in FRG <BR> Opening of the Berlin Wall <BR> German Reunification <BR> </font></TD> </TR></TABLE><BR><BR> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD align = "left" valign = "center" width = "700"> <font face = "Times Roman" size = "2"> <A NAME = "bib">Bibliography</A> <BR><BR> Eleanor L. Turk, <B>The History of Germany</B>, Westport : Greenwood 1999, 231 pp., KMLA Lib.Sign. <B>943 T939t</B> <BR> Brendan Simms, <B>The Struggle for Mastery in Germany</B>, 1779-1850, NY : St. Martin's 1998, KMLA Lib.Sign. <B>943 S692s</B> <BR> Martin Kitchen, <B>Cambridge Illustrated History of Germany</B>, Cambridge : UP 1996, 352 pp., KMLA Lib.Sign. <B>943 K62c</B> <BR> Mary Fulbrook, <B>A Concise History of Germany</B>, Cambridge : UP (1990) 1999, 265 pp., KMLA Lib.Sign. <B>943 F962a</B> <BR> Jackson J. Spielvogel, <B>Hitler and Nazi Germany, a History</B>, Upper Saddle River : Prentice Hall (1988) 2001, 326 pp., KMLA Lib.Sign. <B>943.086 S755h</B> <BR> Joachim Remak, <B>The Nazi Years, a Documentary History</B>, Prospect Heights : Waveland (1969) 1990, 178 pp., KMLA Lib.Sign. <B>943.086 R384t</B> <BR> Rudolf Vierhaus, <B>Germany in the Age of Absolutism</B>, trsl. by J.B. Knudsen, Cambridge : UP 1988, 172 pp., KMLA Lib.Sign. <B>943.04 V665g</B> <BR> Giles MacDonogh, <B>Frederick the Great</B>, NY : St.Martin's, 1999, 436 pp., KMLA Lib.Sign. <B>943.058 M136f</B> <BR> James Retallak (ed.), <B>Saxony in German History, 1830-1933</A>, Ann Arbor : Univ. of Michigan P, 2000, 392 pp., KMLA Lib.Sign. <B>943.21 R437s</B> <BR> R.J. Overy, <B>The Nazi Economic Miracle</B>, Cambridge : UP (1982) 1996, 77 pp., KMLA Lib.Sign. <B>330.943 O96n</B> <BR> Gerald D. Feldman, <B>The Great Disorder.</B> Politics, Economics, and Society in the German Inflation 1914-1924, Oxford : UP 1997, KMLA Lib.Sign. <B>332.41 F312t</B><BR><BR> Philip G. Dwyer, <B>Modern Prussian History 1830-1947</B>, London : Longman 2001 <B>[G]</B> <BR> Adrian Webb, <B>The Longman Companion to Germany since 1945</B>. London etc.: Longman 1998 <B>[G]</B> <BR> Konrad H. Jarausch, <B>Uniting Germany - Documents and Debates, 1944-1993</B>, Berghahn 1994, KMLA Lib.Sign. <B>943.087 J37u</B> <BR> A.J. Nicholls, <B>Freedom with Responsibility. The Social Market Economy in Germany 1918-1963</B>, Oxford : Clarendon (1994) 2000 <B>[G]</B> <BR> W.R. Lee, Eve Rosenhaft (ed.), <B>State, Social Policy and Social Change in Germany 1880-1994</B>, Oxford : Berg (1990) 1997 <B>[G]</B> <BR> Sheilagh Ogilvie, Richard Overy (ed.), <B>Germany, A New Social and Economic History</B>, Vol.III : since 1800, Oxford : UP 2003 <B>[G]</B> <BR> A. James McAdams, <B>Germany Divided. From the Wall to Reunification</B>, Princeton UP 1994 <B>[G]</B> <BR> Kate Lacey, <B>Feminine Frequencies. Gender, German Radio, and the Public Sphere, 1923-1945</B>, University of Michigan Press 1996 <B>[G]</B> <BR> Hajo Holborn, <B>A History of Modern Germany 1840-1945</B>, Princeton : UP 1969 <B>[G]</B> <BR> Jack Wertheimer, <B>Unwelcome Strangers. East European Jews in Imperial Germany</B>, Oxford : UP 1987 <B>[G]</B> <BR> Hagen Schulze, <B>Germany. A New History</B>, trsl. by Deborah Lucas Schneider, Harvard : UP 1998 <B>[G]</B> <BR> Henry Ashby Turner Jr., <B>The Two Germanies since 1945</B>, Yale : UP 1987 <B>[G]</B> <BR> Theodore S. Hamerow, <B>Restoration, Revolution, Reaction. Economics and Politics in Germany, 1815-1871</B>, Princeton : UP (1966) 1972 <B>[G]</B> <BR> Mary Fulbrook, <B>The Divided Nation. A History of Germany 1918-1990</B>, Oxford : UP 1991 <B>[G]</B> <BR> Frank A. Ninkovich, <B>Germany and the United States. The Transformation of the German Question since 1945</B>, Boston : Twain 1988 <B>[G]</B> <BR> Ferenc A. Vali, <B>The Quest for a United Germany</B>, Baltimore : Johns Hopkins UP 1967 <B>[G]</B> <BR> M. Donald Hancock, <B>West Germany. The Politics of Democratic Corporatism</B>, Chatham NJ : Chatham House 1989 <B>[G]</B> <BR> Gerlinde and Hans-Werner Zinn, <B>Jumpstart. The Economic Unification of Germany</B>, Cambridge Mass., MIT Press 1992 <B>[G]</B> <BR> Ilse Koehn, <B>Mischling Second Degree. My Childhood in Nazi Germany</B>, London : Puffin 1990 <B>[G]</B> <BR> Ralf Dahrendorf, <B>Society and Democracy in Germany</B>, NY : Doubleday (1965) 1969 <B>[G]</B> <BR> Barbara Sapinsley, <B>From Kaiser to Hitler. The Life and Death of a Democracy, 1919-1933</B>, NY : Grosset & Dunlap 1968 <B>[G]</B> <BR> Wolfgang Benz, <B>A Concise History of the Third Reich</B>, Berkeley : Univ. of California Press 2006, KMLA Lib.Sign. <B>943.086 B479c</B> <BR> Bernd Widdig, <B>Culture and Inflation in Weimar Germany</B>, Berkeley : University of California Press 2001, KMLA Lib.Sign. <B>332.41 W638c</B> <BR> Walter Goerlitz, <B>History of the German General Staff</B>, NY : Praeger (1952) 1957 <B>[G]</B> <BR> Werner Abelshauser, <B>Guns, Butter and Economic Miracles</B>, in : Mark Harrison (ed.), The Economics of World War II, Cambridge : UP 1998 <BR> Hermann Weber, <B>Geschichte der DDR</B> (History of the GDR), M&uuml;nchen : dtv 1999, in German <B>[G]</B> <BR> </font></TD> </TR></TABLE><BR><BR> </DIV> </DIV> <DIV align="center"> <A href="mailto:aganse@hotmail.com"> <IMG src="../../email.gif" border="0"></a><BR> </DIV><BR><BR><BR><BR><BR> <!-- Start of CH Counter --> <script type="text/javascript"> //<!-- // chCounter v2.0.0 // settings: cstatus = "active"; visible = "0"; path_to_counterfile = "http://www.zum.de/whkmla/counter/counter.php"; urlhp = "http://www.zum.de"; //////////////// url = unescape(location.href); file = url.substring(url.lastIndexOf(urlhp) + urlhp.length, url.length); file = (file.charAt(0) != "/") ? 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