ÿþ<html> <head> <title>WHKMLA : Timelines - Central Asia </title> <!-- copyright Alexander Ganse, 2004-2006 --> </head> <body bgcolor="lightblue" text="black" link="blue" vlink="red" alink="brown"> <style> <!-- A{ font-weight: bold; font-size: 10pt; font-face: arial; } --> </style> <DIV align ="center"> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD align = "center" valign = "center"> <A HREF = "../../index.html"> <img src = "../../whkmla2.jpg" border = "0"> </a></TD></TR></TABLE> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD width = "200" height = "36" align = "center" valign = "center"> <font size = "2" face = "arial"><B> Historical Dictionary </b></font></TD> <TD width = "36" height = "36" align = "center" valign = "center"> <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html"> <img src = "../../region/arrowleft.gif" width = "36" height = "36" border = "0"> </a></TD> <TD align = "center" valign = "center"> <A HREF = "../whchapters.html"> <img src = "../timelines.jpg" border = "0"> </TD> <TD width = "36" height = "36" align = "center" valign = "center"> <A HREF = "../../biographies/wh/biocasia.html"> <img src = "../../region/arrowright.gif" width = "36" height = "36" border = "0"> </a></TD> <TD width = "200" height = "36" align = "center" valign = "center"> <font size = "2" face = "arial"><B> Biographies </b></font></TD></TR></TABLE> <font size = "3" face = "arial"><B><i>First posted on June 11th 2004 </i></b></font><BR><BR><BR> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD align = "center" valign = "center" width = "900"> <font face = "Times Roman" size = "5"><B> Timeline Central Asia </B></font> <BR> <font face = "Times Roman" size = "2"><i> http://www.zum.de/whkmla/timelines/wh/tlcasia.html </i></font> </B></font></TD></TR></TABLE> <BR> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD align = "left" valign = "center" width = "110"> <font face = "Times Roman" size = "2"> 651 <BR> 751 <BR> 842 <BR><BR> c.1010 <BR> 1206 <BR> 1215 <BR> 1218-1227 <BR> 1260 (1279) <BR> 1261 <BR> 1295 <BR> 1327 <BR> 1368 <BR> 1370-1405 <BR> 1378 <BR> 1405-1417 <BR> 1449 <BR> 1480 <BR> 1504 <BR> 1507 <BR> 1526 <BR> 1582-1584 <BR> 1586 <BR> early 17th c. <BR> 1638 <BR> 1642 <BR> 1648 <BR> 1686 <BR> 1689 <BR> 1691 <BR> 1717-1720 <BR> 1720-1724 <BR> 1722 <BR> 1727 <BR> 1731 <BR> 1739 <BR> 1740 <BR> 1742 <BR> 1757-1768 <BR> 1820s-1840s <BR> 1838-1842 <BR> 1854 <BR> 1858 <BR> 1860 <BR> 1865 <BR> 1868 <BR> 1873 <BR> 1878-1880 <BR> 1904-1905 <BR> 1905-1906 <BR> 1907 <BR> 1908 <BR> 1911 <BR> 1911 <BR> 1911 <BR> 1918-1923 <BR> 1919-1921 <BR> 1919 <BR> 1920 <BR> 1924 <BR> 1924 <BR> 1926 <BR> 1928-1930 <BR><BR> 1931 <BR> 1939 <BR> 1939-1940 <BR> 1941 <BR><BR><BR><BR> 1944 <BR> 1950-1951 <BR> 1953 <BR> 1959 <BR> 1960es <BR> 1973 <BR> 1979 <BR> 1979 <BR> 1980-1988 <BR> 1989 <BR> 1990-1992 <BR> 1991 <BR><BR> 2001 <BR> </font></TD> <BR><TD align = "left" valign = "center" width = "600"> <font face = "Times Roman" size = "2"> Islamic conquest of <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#sassanids">Sassanid Empire</A> <BR> Battle of Talas; Arab victory over Tang Chinese <BR> Tibet : King <A HREF = "../../biographies/wh/biocasia.html#langdarma">Langdarma</A> (who had prosecuted Buddhists) was murdered by a monk; <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#tibet">Tibet</A> split <BR> into several states <BR> <A HREF = "../../biographies/wh/biocasia.html#firdausi">Firdausi</A> completed the Shahnama <BR> Temujin (<A HREF = "../../biographies/wh/biocasia.html#genghiskhan">Genghis Khan</A>) Great Khan of all the Mongols <BR> <A HREF = "../../biographies/wh/biocasia.html#genghiskhan">Genghis Khan</A> took Khanbalik (Beijing) <BR> Mongols conquered lands of Khwarizmshah <BR> Begin of (Mongol) <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#yuandyn">Yuan Dynasty</A> rule in China <BR> <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#tibet">Tibet</A> reunited <BR> Ghazan, the <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#ilkhanate">Ilkhan</A>, converted to Islam <BR> <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#chagatay">Chagatay</A> khan Tarmashirin converted to Islam <BR> Ming ousted Mongols from Beijing; end of <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#yuandyn">Yuan Dynasty</A> <BR> Rule of Tamerlane (<A HREF = "../../biographies/wh/biocasia.html#timurlenk">Timur Lenk</A>), capital <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#samarkand">Samarkand</A> <BR> Union of White, Blue Hordes forming <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#goldenhorde">Golden Horde</A> ( <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#kipchaktatars">Kipchak Khanate</A>) <BR> Rule of Shah Rukh (son of Tamerlane), capital moved to Herat <BR> Esen Taiji, Khan of the <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#oyrats">Oyrat Mongols</A>, defeated and briefly captured Ming Emperor Zhengtong <BR> Muscovites defeated Mongols <BR> Babur conquered <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#kabul">Kabul</A> <BR> <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#shaibanids">Shaibanids</A> terminated <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#timurids">Timurid</A> rule in <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#choresm">Chorasan</A> <BR> <A HREF = "../../biographies/wh/biosasia.html#babur">Babur</A> conquered Delhi, established Mughal Empire <BR> Russian conquest of <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#sibir">Sibir Khanate</A> <BR> Lamaist Buddhism introduced to <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#mongolia">Outer Mongolia</A> (Khalkha Mongols) <BR> (Buddhist) <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#kalmyks">Kalmyks</A> moved into Lower Volga region <BR> <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#mongolia">Outer Mongolia</A> became a Lamaist theocracy <BR> <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#tibet">Tibet</A> became a Lamaist theocracy <BR> Russian explorer <A HREF = "../../biographies/wh/biocasia.html#dezhnev">Dezhnev</A> first to sail through Bering Straits <BR> City of <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#irkutsk">Irkutsk</A> founded <BR> Russia, China signed Treaty of Nertchinsk <BR> Qing (Manchu) China gained control of most of <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#mongolia">Mongolia</A> <BR> <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#tibet">Tibet</A> held by the <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#dzungars">Dzungars</A> <BR> <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#tibet">Tibet</A> a vassall of Qing (Manchu) China <BR> Afghans invaded Persia, end of <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#safaviddyn">Safavid Dynasty</A> <BR> Russia, Qing China signed Treaty of Kyakhta <BR> Kazakh <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#lesserhorde">Lesser Horde</A> accepted Russian protection <BR> <A HREF = "../../biographies/wh/biocasia.html#nadirshah">Nadir Shah</A> (Persia) raided Delhi <BR> Kazakh <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#middlehorde">Middle Horde</A> accepted Russian protection <BR> Kazakh <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#greathorde">Great Horde</A> accepted Russian protection <BR> Chinese established control over <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#eastturkestan">East Turkestan</A> (Xinjiang) <BR> Kazakh revolt against Russian rule <BR> First <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#angloafghanwars">Anglo-Afghan War</A> <BR> Russians founded Fort Vernoe (modern <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#almaty">Almaty</A>) <BR> Treaty of Aigun; China ceded <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#amurprovince">Amur Province</A> to Russia <BR> Treaty of Peking; China ceded <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#fareasternprovince">Far Eastern Province</A> to Russia <BR> Russians took <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#tashkent">Tashkent</A>, created province of <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#turkestan">Turkestan</A> <BR> Russians took <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#samarkand">Samarkand</A>; <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#bukhara">Bukhara</A> Russian protectorate <BR> <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#khiva">Khiva</A> Russian protectorate <BR> Second <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#angloafghanwars">Anglo-Afghan War</A> <BR> Russo-Japanese War, fought over <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#manchuria">Manchuria</A> and Korea <BR> <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#persianrevolution">Persian Revolution</A>; introduction of constitution <BR> Anglo-Russian Entente; <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#iran">Persia</A> divided in spheres of interest <BR> Oil discovered in SW <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#iran">Iran</A> <BR> China : revolution terminated <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#manchudynasty">Qing (Manchu) Dynasty</A> <BR> <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#mongolia">Outer Mongolia</A> declared independence, following the Chinese Revolution <BR> <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#tibet">Tibet</A> declared independence, following the Chinese Revolution <BR> <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#basmachirevolt">Basmachi Revolt</A> <BR> Chinese occupation of <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#mongolia">Outer Mongolia</A> <BR> Third <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#angloafghanwars">Anglo-Afghan War</A> <BR> <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#kazakhassr">Kirghiz ASSR</A> proclaimed <BR> <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#mongolia">Mongolia</A> proclaimed a People's Republic <BR> <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#turkmenistan">Turkmen</A>, <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#uzbekistan">Uzbek</A>, <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#tajikistan">Tajik ASSRs</A> created <BR> Kirghiz ASSR dissolved in <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#kazakhassr">Kazakh</A>, <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#kirghizassr">Kirghiz ASSR</A> <BR> Russification of Central Asia (indigenous replaced by Russians in administration); introduction of <BR> Latin script in Soviet Central Asia <BR> Jewish autonomous region within USSR established at <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#birobijan">Birobijan</A> <BR> Soviet-Japanese War over <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#mongolia">Mongolia</A>; Soviet victory <BR> Latin script in Soviet Central Asia replaced by Cyrillic <BR> German invasion of Russia; numerous factories moved from European Russia to Central Asia; <BR> cause migration of Russian, Ukrainian workers into cities of Central Asia. Forced resettlement <BR> of ethnic groups (Koreans from the Vladivostok region, Crimean Tatars, Volga Germans into <BR> Central Asia <BR> Soviet annexation of <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#tannutouva">Tannu-Touva</A> <BR> Chinese troops occupied <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#tibet">Tibet</A>, annexed it into PR China <BR> <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#iran">Iran</A> : PM <A HREF = "../../biographies/wh/biocasia.html#mossadegh">Mossadegh</A> toppled (with CIA involvement) <BR> Tibetan rebellion against Chinese rule crushed; Dalai Lama fled to India <BR> Soviets developed <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#baikonur">Baikonur</A> in Kazakhstan as launch site for their space program <BR> Coup d'etat ended monarchy in <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#afghanistan">Afghanistan</A> <BR> Soviet invasion of <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#afghanistan">Afghanistan</A> <BR> <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#islamicrevolution">Islamic Revolution</A> in <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#iran">Iran</A> <BR> First Gulf War, between <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#iran">Iran</A> and Iraq <BR> Soviet troops withdrew from <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#afghanistan">Afghanistan</A> <BR> <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#mongolia">Mongolia</A> : democratization <BR> Disintegration of USSR; <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</A>, <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</A>, <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#tajikistan">Tajikistan</A>, <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</A>, <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</A> <BR> independent <BR> <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#taliban">Taliban</A> rule in <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#afghanistan">Afghanistan</A> overthrown by int'l coalition (War against Terror) <BR> </font></TD> </TR></TABLE><BR> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD align = "left" valign = "center" width = "200"> <font face = "Times Roman" size = "2"> 559-330 B.C. <BR> 330-326 B.C. <BR><BR> 250-1 B.C. <BR><BR> 250 B.C.-226 A.D. <BR><BR> 54-20 B.C. <BR> 78-280 A.D. <BR> 226 A.D.-651 A.D. <BR> 3rd-8th c. <BR> 3rd-8th c. <BR> 552-745 <BR> 602-842 <BR> 762-900 <BR> 819-1000 <BR> 850-1218 <BR> 907-1125 <BR> 977-1186 <BR> 1115-1234 <BR> 1125-1220 <BR> 1227-1363 <BR> 1240-1440 <BR> 1251-1387 <BR> 1445-1552 <BR> 1464-1582 <BR> 1466-1556 <BR> 1517-1920 <BR> 1598-1920 <BR> 1644-1911 <BR> 1710-1876 <BR> 1931-1945 <BR> 1979-1989 <BR> 1992-2001 <BR> </font></TD> <BR><TD align = "left" valign = "center" width = "510"> <font face = "Times Roman" size = "2"> Iran : Achaemenid Dynasty, Persian Empire (Zoroastrian) <BR> Alexander conquered eastern provinces of Persian Empire, married Bactrian <BR> noblewoman Roxana <BR> Graeco-Bactrian Kingdom, Hellenistic; converted to Buddhism in the 2nd century <BR> B.C.; Buddhism introduced to Central Asia <BR> Parthian Empire established in Iran; they conquered Mesopotamia in 190 B.C.; <BR> Hellenistic <BR> Han-Dynasty China established direct rule over Xinjiang city states <BR> Gandhara : Kushan Empire <BR> Iran : <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#sassanids">Sassanid Empire</A> (Zoroastrian) <BR> Kingdom of <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#choresm">Choresm</A> <BR> Kingdom of <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#sogdiana">Sogdiana</A> <BR> <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#gokturks">Gokturk Khaganate</A> in Mongolia, Kazakhstan; <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#gokturkscript">Gokturk Runic script</A> <BR> <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#tibet">Tibet</A> great power, pursued expansive policy <BR> Abbasid Caliphate, capital Baghdad <BR> <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#samaniddyn">Samanid</A> rule in <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#bukhara">Bukhara</A>, Eastern Iran, Muslim <BR> <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#uighurs">Uighur Kingdom</A> in Tarim Basin ( <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#eastturkestan">East Turkestan</A>) <BR> Liao (<A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#khitan">Khitan</A>) State in Manchuria, Inner Mongolia, N. China <BR> Ghaznavid Empire, Muslim, expanded into India <BR> <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#jurchen">Jurchen state</A> (Jin Dynasty) in <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#manchuria">Manchuria</A>, parts of Inner Mongolia, NW China <BR> <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#karakhitan">Kara-Khitan</A> (Kara-Khitai) state in West Turkestan <BR> Mongol Khanate of <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#chagatay">Chagatay</A> <BR> Russian steppe : Khanate of the <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#kipchaktatars">Kipchak Tatars</A> (Blue, later <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#goldenhorde">Golden Horde</A>) <BR> Iran : <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#ilkhanate">Ilkhanate</A> <BR> Khanate of Kazan <BR> Khanate of <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#sibir">Sibir</A> <BR> Khanate of Astrakhan <BR> Khanate of <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#khiva">Khiva</A> <BR> Khanate of <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#bukhara">Bukhara</A> <BR> China : <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#manchudynasty">Qing (Manchu) Dynasty</A> <BR> Khanate of <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#kokand">Kokand</A> <BR> <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#manchuria">Manchuria</A> : Empire of Manchukuo (Japanese vassall state) <BR> Soviet occupation of <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#afghanistan">Afghanistan</A>, Afghan <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#mujahedeen">Mujahedeen</A> resistance <BR> <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#afghanistan">Afghanistan</A> : <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdcasia.html#taliban">Taliban</A> Rule <BR> </font></TD> </TR></TABLE><BR> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD align = "left" valign = "center" width = "700"> <font face = "Times Roman" size = "2"> ONLINE REFERENCE : <BR> Timeline Central and North Asia, posted by <A HREF = "http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/ht/04/nc/ht04nc.htm">Metropolitan Museum of Art</A> <BR> Timeline Mongolian history, from <A HREF = "http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/asia-pacific/country_profiles/1235612.stm">BBC</A> (focus on recent events) <BR> A timeline of the Mongols, from <A HREF = "http://www.scaruffi.com/politics/mongols.html">Piero Scaruffi</A> <BR> Tibetan Timeline, posted by <A HREF = "http://www.churchward.com/tl/t1.html">Peter Kauffner</A> e.a. <BR> Major Events Relevant to Central Asian History, <A HREF = "http://www.oxuscom.com/cahist1.htm">Part 1</A>, <A HREF = "http://www.oxuscom.com/cahist2.htm">Part 2</A>, posted by Mark Dickens <BR> </font></TD> </TR></TABLE><BR><BR><BR><BR> </DIV> </DIV> <DIV align="center"> <A href="mailto:aganse@hotmail.com"> <IMG src="../../email.gif" border="0"></a><BR> </DIV><BR><BR><BR><BR><BR> <!-- Start of CH Counter --> <script type="text/javascript"> //<!-- // chCounter v2.0.0 // settings: cstatus = "active"; visible = "0"; path_to_counterfile = "http://www.zum.de/whkmla/counter/counter.php"; urlhp = "http://www.zum.de"; //////////////// url = unescape(location.href); file = url.substring(url.lastIndexOf(urlhp) + urlhp.length, url.length); file = (file.charAt(0) != "/") ? 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