ÿþ<html> <head> <title>WHKMLA : Timelines - Sub-Saharan Africa </title> <!-- copyright Alexander Ganse, 2004-2006 --> </head> <body bgcolor="lightblue" text="black" link="blue" vlink="red" alink="brown"> <style> <!-- A{ font-weight: bold; font-size: 10pt; font-face: arial; } --> </style> <DIV align ="center"> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD align = "center" valign = "center"> <A HREF = "../../index.html"> <img src = "../../whkmla2.jpg" border = "0"> </a></TD></TR></TABLE> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD width = "200" height = "36" align = "center" valign = "center"> <font size = "2" face = "arial"><B> Historical Dictionary </b></font></TD> <TD width = "36" height = "36" align = "center" valign = "center"> <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html"> <img src = "../../region/arrowleft.gif" width = "36" height = "36" border = "0"> </a></TD> <TD align = "center" valign = "center"> <A HREF = "../whchapters.html"> <img src = "../timelines.jpg" border = "0"> </TD> <TD width = "36" height = "36" align = "center" valign = "center"> <A HREF = "../../biographies/wh/biossafrica.html"> <img src = "../../region/arrowright.gif" width = "36" height = "36" border = "0"> </a></TD> <TD width = "200" height = "36" align = "center" valign = "center"> <font size = "2" face = "arial"><B> Biographies </b></font></TD></TR></TABLE> <font size = "3" face = "arial"><B><i>First posted on July 25th 2004 </i></b></font><BR><BR><BR> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD align = "center" valign = "center" width = "900"> <font face = "Times Roman" size = "5"><B> Timeline Sub-Saharan Africa </B></font> <BR> <font face = "Times Roman" size = "2"><i> http://www.zum.de/whkmla/timelines/wh/tlssafrica.html </i></font> </B></font></TD></TR></TABLE> <BR> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD align = "left" valign = "center" width = "110"> <font face = "Times Roman" size = "2"> 5th c. B.C. <BR> 4th century <BR> 1240 <BR> 1312-1337 <BR> 1331 <BR> 1414 <BR><BR> 1445 <BR> 1473 <BR> 1488 <BR> 1505 <BR> 1575 <BR> 1652 <BR> 1698 <BR> 1787 <BR><BR> 1804-1810 <BR> 1806 <BR> 1807 <BR> 1810-1828 <BR><BR> 1812 <BR><BR> 1835-1843 <BR> 1839 <BR> 1841 <BR> 1841-1873 <BR> 1846 <BR> 1847 <BR> 1849 <BR> 1850 <BR> 1854 <BR> 1854 <BR><BR> 1862 <BR> 1866 <BR> 1879 <BR> 1884-1885 <BR> 1886 <BR> 1891-1898 <BR> 1896 <BR> 1898 <BR> 1899-1902 <BR> 1903 <BR><BR> 1904 <BR><BR> 1904-1907 <BR> 1905-1907 <BR> 1908 <BR> 1910 <BR> 1910 <BR><BR> 1912 <BR> 1914-1918 <BR><BR><BR><BR> 1935-1936 <BR> 1940-1944 <BR><BR><BR> 1940-1941 <BR><BR> 1946 <BR> 1948 <BR> 1952-1956 <BR> 1961 <BR> 1963 <BR> 1972-1974 <BR> 1979-1980 <BR> 1990-1993 <BR> 1994 <BR> </font></TD> <BR><TD align = "left" valign = "center" width = "600"> <font face = "Times Roman" size = "2"> <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#nokcivilization">Nok Civilization</A> (Nigeria); knew how to forge iron tools <BR> <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#axum">Axumite Kgd.</A> (Ethiopia) converted to christianity; <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#geez">Ge'ez</A> script developed <BR> Upper Niger Valley : <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#mali">Mali</A> conquered <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#ghana">Ghana</A> <BR> rule of <A HREF = "../../bographies/wh/biossafrica.html#mansamusa">Mansa Musa</A> in <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#mali">Mali</A> <BR> Ibn Battuta visited <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#swahilicoast">Swahili Coast</A> <BR> Zheng He returned to China from an expedition to Africa, bringing a <BR> giraffe <BR> Portuguese reached <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#senegal">Senegal</A>, <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#capeverde">Cape Verde Islands</A> <BR> Portuguese Diogo Cao established contact with <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#kongo">Kingdom of Kongo</A> <BR> Portuguese Bartolomeo Diaz reached Cape of Good Hope <BR> Portuguese sacked Swahili city of <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#kilwa">Kilwa</A> <BR> Portuguese constructed fort at Luanda, present-day <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#angola">Angola</A> <BR> Dutch V.O.C. (<A HREF = "../../bographies/wh/biossafrica.html#janvanriebeeck">Jan van Riebeeck</A>) established Cape Town, <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#capecolony">Cape Colony</A> <BR> Omanis ousted Portuguese from northern <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#swahilicoast">Swahili Coast</A> <BR> first settlement for freed African slaves from the Americas and Britain <BR> established by abolitionists at Freetown, <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#sierraleone">Sierra Leone</A> <BR> Northern Nigeria : Fulani Jihad, by <A HREF = "../../bographies/wh/biossafrica.html#usmandanfodio">Usman dan Fodio</A> <BR> British seized <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#capecolony">Cape Colony</A> from the Dutch; formally ceded in 1815 <BR> Britain formally abolished Slave Trade <BR> <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#zulu">Zulu</A> wars and raids caused Mfecane - migration of peoples evading <BR> the terror spread by the Zulus <BR> Sokoto founded; soon became center of Fulani Jihad (<A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#sokoto">Sultanate of <BR> Sokoto</A> ) <BR> Great Trek; discontent <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#boers">Boers</A> left <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#capecolony">Cape Colony</A> for interior of South Africa <BR> <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#zar">Z.A.R.</A> (Transvaal) proclaimed, a Boer Republic <BR> <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#zanzibar">Sultanate of Zanzibar</A> split from Oman <BR> Scottish missonary and explorer <A HREF = "../../bographies/wh/biossafrica.html#livingstone">David Livingstone</A> in Africa <BR> <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#bornu">Bornu</A> annexed by <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#wadai">Wadai</A> <BR> <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#liberia">Liberia</A> proclaimed independence <BR> French founded Libreville (<A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#gabon">Gabon</A>) as settlement for freed slaves <BR> Danes sold their possessions on the <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#goldcoast">Gold Coast</A> to the British <BR> <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#oranjevrijstaat">Oranje Vrijstaat</A> proclaimed, a Boer Republic <BR> Expedition up Niger and Benue led by W.B. Baikie proved effectiveness of <BR> <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#quinine">quinine</A> in preventing infectious diseases (malaria etc.) <BR> <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#segou">Segou</A> conquered by <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#kaarta">Kaarta</A> <BR> diamond found at Kimberley, Griqualandwest <BR> Battle of Isandlhwana; British force annihilated by <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#zulu">Zulus</A> <BR> <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#berlinconference">Berlin Conference</A> <BR> gold was found in <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#witwatersrand">Witwatersrand</A> region of the <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#zar">Z.A.R.</A> (Transvaal) <BR> German East Africa : <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#heherebellion">Hehe Rebellion</A> <BR> Battle of Adowa; Ethiopian force defeated Italians <BR> <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#fashodacrisis">Fashoda Crisis</A> <BR> <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#boerwar">Boer War</A>, British conquest of Boer Republics <BR> Publication of Roger Casement's report on atrocities committed in the <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#congofreestate">Congo <BR> Free State</A> <BR> <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#frenchwestafrica">French West Africa</A> established by combining <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#senegal">Senegal</A>, Upper Senegal & Niger, <BR> <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#guinea">Guinea</A>, <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#ivorycoast">Ivory Coast</A>, <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#dahomey">Dahomey</A> <BR> <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#swa">German Southwest Africa</A> : <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#hererorebellion">Herero Rebellion</A> <BR> German East Africa : <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#majimaji">Maji-Maji Rebellion</A> <BR> <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#congofreestate">Congo Free State</A> became <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#belgiancongo">Belgian Congo</A> <BR> <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#capecolony">Cape Colony</A>, <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#natal">Natal</A>, <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#transvaal">Transvaal</A>, <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#orangerivercolony">Orange River Colony</A> formed <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#southafrica">Union of South Africa</A> <BR> <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#fea">French Equatorial Africa</A> established by combining French Congo, <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#gabon">Gabon</A>, <BR> Oubangi-Chari-Chad <BR> <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#southafrica">South Africa</A> : <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#anc">ANC</A> founded <BR> World War I, the German colonies facing invasions by allied forces. <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#togo">Togo</A> fell in <BR> 1914, Southwest Africa in 1915, <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#cameroon">Cameroon</A> in 1916, German East Africa was occu- <BR> pied in 1916, but commander Paul von Lettow Vorbeck continued guerilla war- <BR> fare, until after the war in Europe had ended. <BR> Italian conquest of <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#ethiopia">Ethiopia</A> <BR> WW II : while France was occupied / administrated by the collaborating Vichy <BR> Regime, the Free French administration resided in Brazzaville (<A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#fea">French Equatorial <BR> africa</A>); promised thorough change in treatment of native population <BR> WW II : Italians occupied <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#somaliland">British Somaliland</A> in 1940 (undefended); in 1941 British <BR> occupied Italian East Africa <BR> French colonies in Africa declared Overseas Departments <BR> <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#southafrica">South Africa</A> : National Party won the election, begin of <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#apartheid">Apartheid</A> legislation <BR> <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#kenya">Kenya</A> : <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#maumau">Mau Mau Rebellion</A> against British rule <BR> <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#southafrica">South Africa</A> declared republic <BR> Organization of African Unity (<A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#oau">OAU</A>) founded <BR> <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#sahelfamine">Sahel Famine</A> <BR> <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#rhodesia">Rhodesia</A> : transition from white to majority rule; country renamed <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</A> <BR> <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#southafrica">South Africa</A> : transition from <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#apartheid">Apartheid</A> rule to majority rule <BR> Western African Economic Monetary Union (<A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#westafricancurrencyunion">WAEMU</A>) signed <BR> </font></TD> </TR></TABLE><BR> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD align = "left" valign = "center" width = "200"> <font face = "Times Roman" size = "2"> Conquest of African States by <BR> Colonial Powers / Companies <BR><BR><BR> armed struggle for independence <BR><BR> Independence <BR><BR><BR><BR><BR><BR><BR><BR> Civil Wars <BR><BR><BR><BR> </font></TD> <BR><TD align = "left" valign = "center" width = "510"> <font face = "Times Roman" size = "2"> Msiri's Kingdom in Katanga 1891 (Congo Free State), <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#dahomey">Dahomey</A> 1892 (Fr.), <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#matabele">Matabele</A> 1893 (B.S.A.C.), <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#kaarta">Kaarta</A> 1893 (Fr.), <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#merina">Merina</A> Kgd. on Madagascar 1895-1896 (Fr.), <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#asante">Asante</A> 1896/1900 (Br.), <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#benin">Benin</A> 1897 (Br.), <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#futadjalon">Futa Djalon</A> 1899 (Fr.), Rabeh's Kingdom on Lake Chad 1900 (Br.), <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#sokoto">Sokoto</A> 1903 (Br.), <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#wadai">Wadai</A> 1903 (Fr.) <BR> <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#angola">Angola</A> 1956-1975, <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#guineabissau">Guinea Bissau</A> 1961-1975, <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#mocambique">Mo&ccedil;ambique</A> 1964-1975, <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</A> 1965-1979, <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#namibia">Namibia</A> 1966-1988 <BR> <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#ghana">Ghana</A> 1957, <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#guinea">Guinea</A> 1958, <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#senegal">Senegal</A>, <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#mali">Mali</A>, <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#ivorycoast">Ivory Coast</A>, <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#uppervolta">Upper Volta</A>, <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#dahomey">Dahomey</A>, <BR> <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#togo">Togo</A>, <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#niger">Niger</A>, <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#nigeria">Nigeria</A>, <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#cameroon">Cameroon</A>, <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#chad">Chad</A>, <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#car">Central African Republic</A>, <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#gabon">Gabon</A>, <BR> <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#rcongo">Republic of Congo</A> (Brazzaville), <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#drcongo">Republic of Congo</A> (Leopoldville), <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#madagascar">Madagascar</A>, <BR> <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#somalia">Somalia</A> 1960, <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#southafrica">South Africa</A>, <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#sierraleone">Sierra Leone</A> 1961, <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#uganda">Uganda</A>, <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#rwanda">Rwanda</A>, <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#burundi">Burundi</A> <BR> 1962, <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#kenya">Kenya</A> 1963, <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#zambia">Zambia</A>, <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#malawi">Malawi</A> 1964, <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#gambia">Gambia</A>, <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#rhodesia">Rhodesia</A> 1965, <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#lesotho">Lesotho</A>, <BR> <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#botswana">Botswana</A> 1966, <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#equatorialguinea">Equatorial Guinea</A>, <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#mauritius">Mauritius</A>, <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#swaziland">Swaziland</A> 1968, <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#mocambique">Mo&ccedil;ambique</A>, <BR> <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#angola">Angola</A>, <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#guineabissau">Guinea Bissau</A>, <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#capeverde">Cape Verde</A>, <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#saotome">Sao Tome and Principe</A> in 1975, <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#djibouti">Djibouti</A> <BR> in 1977, <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#namibia">Namibia</A> in 1990. <BR> Sudan (south) since 1962, <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#ethiopia">Ethiopia</A> (Eritrean secession) 1962-1991, <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#nigeria">Nigeria</A> (<A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#biafra">Biafra</A> secession) 1967-1970, <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#angola">Angola</A> 1975-1994, <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#chad">Chad</A> 1975-1982, <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#mocambique">Mo&ccedil;ambique</A> 1975-1994, <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#uganda">Uganda</A> 1979-1986, <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#liberia">Liberia</A> 1989-1996, <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#somalia">Somalia</A> 1991-1995, <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#drcongo">D.R. Congo</A> since 1997, <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#sierraleone">Sierra Leone</A> 1999-2000, <A HREF = "../../histdic/wh/hdssafrica.html#liberia">Liberia</A> 1999-2003 <BR> </font></TD> </TR></TABLE><BR> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD align = "left" valign = "center" width = "700"> <font face = "Times Roman" size = "2"> REFERENCE : <BR> African Timelines, from <A HREF = "http://web.cocc.edu/cagatucci/classes/hum211/timelines/htimelinetoc.htm">Central Oregon Community College</A> <BR> BBC Timelines : <A HREF = "http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/country_profiles/2988226.stm">Senegal</A>, <A HREF = "http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/country_profiles/1032207.stm">Gambia</A>, <A HREF = "http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/country_profiles/1021451.stm">Cape Verde</A>, <A HREF = "http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/1043376.stm">Guinea Bissau</A>, <A HREF = "http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/country_profiles/1032515.stm">Guinea</A>, <A HREF = "http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/country_profiles/1022844.stm">Mali</A>, <A HREF = "http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/country_profiles/1065898.stm">Sierra Leone</A>, <A HREF = "http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/country_profiles/1043567.stm">Liberia</A>, <A HREF = "http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/country_profiles/1043106.stm">Ivory Coast</A>, <A HREF = "http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/country_profiles/1032662.stm">Burkina Faso</A>, <A HREF = "http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/country_profiles/1023444.stm">Ghana</A>, <A HREF = "http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/country_profiles/1054274.stm">Niger</A>, <A HREF = "http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/country_profiles/1067813.stm">Togo</A>, <A HREF = "http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/country_profiles/3638535.stm">Benin</A>, <A HREF = "http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/country_profiles/1465408.stm">Sao Tome and Principe</A>, <A HREF = "http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/country_profiles/1067695.stm">Nigeria</A>, <A HREF = "http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/country_profiles/1021488.stm">Cameroon</A>, <A HREF = "http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/country_profiles/1068745.stm">Chad</A>, <A HREF = "http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/country_profiles/1067615.stm">Central African Republic</A>, <A HREF = "http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/country_profiles/1023232.stm">Gabon</A>, <A HREF = "http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/country_profiles/1023158.stm">Equatorial Guinea</A>, <A HREF = "http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/country_profiles/1072684.stm">D.R. Congo</A>, <A HREF = "http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/country_profiles/1076836.stm">R. Congo</A>, <A HREF = "http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/country_profiles/1839740.stm">Angola</A>, <A HREF = "http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/country_profiles/1469048.stm">Namibia</A>, <A HREF = "http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/country_profiles/1069402.stm">South Africa</A>, <A HREF = "http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/country_profiles/2005964.stm">Lesotho</A>, <A HREF = "http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/country_profiles/3608903.stm">Swaziland</A>, <A HREF = "http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/country_profiles/3638691.stm">Botswana</A>, <A HREF = "http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/country_profiles/1831470.stm">Zimbabwe</A>, <A HREF = "http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/country_profiles/1719293.stm">Zambia</A>, <A HREF = "http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/country_profiles/2982250.stm">Malawi</A>, <A HREF = "http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/country_profiles/2120437.stm">Mozambique</A>, <A HREF = "http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/country_profiles/2988827.stm">Mauritius</A>, <A HREF = "http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/country_profiles/1070508.stm">Seychelles</A>, <A HREF = "http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/country_profiles/1070770.stm">Comoros</A>, <A HREF = "http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/country_profiles/1072386.stm">Tanzania</A>, <A HREF = "http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/country_profiles/1068991.stm">Burundi</A>, <A HREF = "http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/country_profiles/1070329.stm">Rwanda</A>, <A HREF = "http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/country_profiles/1069166.stm">Uganda</A>, <A HREF = "http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/country_profiles/1026884.stm">Kenya</A>, <A HREF = "http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/1072219.stm">Ethiopia</A>, <A HREF = "http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/country_profiles/1070861.stm">Eritrea</A>, <A HREF = "http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/country_profiles/1070593.stm">Djibouti</A>, <A HREF = "http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/country_profiles/1072611.stm">Somalia</A>, mainly on recent history <BR> Timelines of Art History, posted by the Metropolitan Museum of Art : <A HREF = "http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hi/hi_afca.htm">Central Africa</A>, <A HREF = "http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hi/hi_afes.htm">Eastern Africa</A>, <A HREF = "http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hi/hi_afgc.htm">Guinea Coast</A>, <A HREF = "http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hi/hi_afsa.htm">Southern Africa</A>, <A HREF = "http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hi/hi_afwc.htm">Western and Central Sudan</A> <BR> </font></TD> </TR></TABLE><BR><BR><BR><BR> </DIV> </DIV> <DIV align="center"> <A href="mailto:aganse@hotmail.com"> <IMG src="../../email.gif" border="0"></a><BR> </DIV><BR><BR><BR><BR><BR> <!-- Start of CH Counter --> <script type="text/javascript"> //<!-- // chCounter v2.0.0 // settings: cstatus = "active"; visible = "0"; path_to_counterfile = "http://www.zum.de/whkmla/counter/counter.php"; urlhp = "http://www.zum.de"; //////////////// url = unescape(location.href); file = url.substring(url.lastIndexOf(urlhp) + urlhp.length, url.length); file = (file.charAt(0) != "/") ? 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