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The Hundred Years' War The War |
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The Wars of the Roses, 1453-1485 |
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| Peasant's Revolts : Wat Tyler's Revolt 1381 and the Lollard Rebellion of 1414 |
Late in the 14th century, both France and England were plagued by peasants' revolts, the French by the Jacquerie, the English by WAT TYLER'S REVOLT (1381) and by the LOLLARDS (1414). The peasants felt overburdened, their rights been infringed upon. They demanded that the king, as the guardian of the law, would restore justice; in addition they demanded the abolishment of serfdom and feudal service, the easing of market privileges etc. However, some of their burden, the raised poll tax, originated from the state's increased expenses. During Wat Tyler's revolt, the rebels took control of London. Young KING RICHARD II., age 14, promised that their grievances would be addressed. Wat Tyler, in a fight with the mayor of London, was mortally wounded. Other ringlieaders were arrested and executed, the crowd dispersed. The promises made to the peasants were cancelled.
Officials were on guard to stop a repetition at the source, in the villages. However, royal policy regarding the taxation of the peasants became more cautious.
The LOLLARDRY was a movement aiming at church reform, originating at Oxford, emerged from the teaching of JOHN WYCLIF. Declared a heretic movement and persecuted, a group of Lollards lead by SIR JOHN OLDCASTLE in 1414 rebelled, the rebellion easily subdued.
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EXTERNAL FILES |
Articles from Infoplease on Wat Tyler, Lollardry |
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The Chronicles of Froissart, from the
Univ. of Virginia Illustration : Death of Wat Tyler, from Froissart's Chronicles, at Bibliotheque Nationale (Paris) Chronicle excerpt on Wat Tyler's Revolt, from britannia.com (Froissart), short |
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