1738-1815







Baden, 1815-1871



A number of reforms from the Napoleonic period, among them the LANDRECHT of 1810, lasted on. In 1818 Baden adopted a written CONSTITUTION which was the envy of liberal patriots elsewhere in Germany and a model to liberal constitutions drafted for other German states. The second chamber of the Baden parliament was an exercising ground for German liberalism.
Despite the constitution, there was frequent disagreement between parliament and the Duke.
In 1821, the ARCHDIOCESIS OF FREIBURG, with suffragans at Fulda, Limburg, Mainz and Rottenburg, was created.
In the Revolution of 1848, Baden played a prominent role; the radicals had strong support in the Grand Duchy. When the Frankfurt parliament disintegrated, the radicals established a new parliament in RASTATT; they retreated in front of advancing Prussian troops to WEIL AM RHEIN, where the revolution collapsed in 1849. Leaders such as HECKER and STRUVE emigrated.
In 1859 Baden signed a CONCORDATE with Rome, designed to end the long standing conflict with the Catholic church.
A period of reaction (-1860) was succeeded by new liberal reforms (1860-1866, ministers Lamey, Roggenbach). In 1870 Baden declared chose the side of Prussia in the FRANCO-GERMAN WAR; in 1871 the Grand Duke of Baden was among the German princes who elected King Wilhelm of Prussia German Emperor. As a federal state, Baden would retain political autonomy. The dynasty continued until 1918.



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EXTERNAL
FILES 		Schloss Rastatt, from Schlösser Magazin, in German
Geschichte von Baden, from genealogienetz.de, in German
Article Baden, from Catholic Encyclopedia
Article Freiburg, from Catholic Encyclopedia
1848/1849, from Lexikon Baden-Wuerttemberg
Biography of Gustav Struve, from Encyclopedia of the 1848 Revolutions
Biography of Friedrich Franz Karl Hecker, from Encyclopedia of the 1848 Revolutions
Article Baden from the Encyclopedia of 1848 Revolutions
DOCUMENTS House law of Baden, 1817 , from Heraldica
Baden Constitution of 1818, from Univ. Wuerzburg
Baden, Coat of Arms, from DHM, with map and German language comment
Baden, flag of, from FOTW
List of Grand Dukes etc., from World Statesmen (also ministers etc.)
Quo Graviora, Encyclical of Pope Gregory XVI, Oct. 4th 1833, criticized Baden priests for liberal positions, posted by EWTN
Commissum Divinitus, Encyclical Of Pope Gregory promulgated on 17 May 1835. addressed to community in Switzerland, referring to legislation concerning the separation of church and state in Baden, posted by EWTN
Article Baden, in W. Gracie, General Gazetteer, 1823 (gives population of 1810)
Map of the Grand Duchy of Baden, 1882, from W. Blackie & Sons, posted by FEEFHS
Grossherzogtum Baden : Verfassung von 1818 (Constitution of 1818), from verfassungen.de, in German, also from Archivio delle Costituzione, in German
REFERENCE



This page is part of World History at KMLA
First posted on April 23rd 2002, last revised on January 15th 2007

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