ÿþ<html> <head> <title> WHKMLA : Timelines : History of Tunisia</title> <META name="keywords" keyword="Tunis"> <!-- copyright Alexander Ganse, 2005-2007 --> </head> <body bgcolor="grey" text="black" link="blue" vlink="red" alink="brown"> <style> <!-- A{ font-weight: bold; font-size: 10pt; font-face: arial; } --> </style> <DIV align ="center"> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD align = "center" valign = "center"> <A HREF = "../../index.html"> <img src = "../../whkmla2.jpg" border = "0"></a></TD></TR></TABLE> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD width = "200" height = "36" align = "center" valign = "center"> <font size = "2" face = "arial"><B> Tunisia <BR> Index Page </b></font></TD> <TD width = "36" height = "36" align = "center" valign = "center"> <A HREF = "xtunisia.html"> <img src = "../../region/arrowleft.gif" width = "36" height = "36" border = "0"> </a></TD> <TD align = "center" valign = "center"> <A HREF = "xtunisia.html"> <img src = "../banners/bantunisia.jpg" border = "0"> </TD> <TD width = "36" height = "36" align = "center" valign = "center"> <img src = "../../region/arrowright.gif" width = "36" height = "36" border = "0"> </a></TD> <TD width = "200" height = "36" align = "center" valign = "center"> <font size = "2" face = "arial"><B> </b></font></TD></TR></TABLE> <font size = "3" face = "arial"><B><i>First posted on March 11th 2005, last revised on October 25th 2006</i></b></font><BR><BR><BR><BR> <script language="JavaScript"> <!-- function SymError() { return true; } window.onerror = SymError; //--> </script> <script type="text/javascript"><!-- google_ad_client = "pub-5834279270464755"; google_alternate_color = "FFFFE1"; google_ad_width = 728; google_ad_height = 90; google_ad_format = "728x90_as"; google_ad_channel ="4814426207"; google_ad_type = "text"; //2007-02-17: MIT_ Ganse google_ad_channel = "0420158018"; google_color_border = "FF3300"; google_color_bg = "FFFFE1"; google_color_link = "0000CC"; google_color_url = "008000"; google_color_text = "6F6F6F"; //--></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js"> </script> <BR><BR><BR> </div> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD align = "center" valign = "center" width = "900"> <font face = "Times Roman" size = "5"><B> Timeline : Tunisia </B></font> </TD></TR></TABLE> <BR><BR> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD width="100" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> 1705 <BR> </font></TD> <TD width="580" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> Begin of the Husseinic Dynasty (until 1957) <BR> </font></TD> </TR></TABLE> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD width="100" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> 1837-1855 <BR> </font></TD> <TD width="580" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> Rule of Ahmad Bey, reform policy <BR> </font></TD> </TR></TABLE> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD width="100" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> 1860 <BR> </font></TD> <TD width="580" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> constitution adopted <BR> </font></TD> </TR></TABLE> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD width="100" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> 1864 <BR> </font></TD> <TD width="580" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> Tribal rebellion against excessive taxation <BR> </font></TD> </TR></TABLE> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD width="100" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> 1864 <BR> </font></TD> <TD width="580" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> Anti-Semitic pogrom on Djerba <BR> </font></TD> </TR></TABLE> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD width="100" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> 1869 <BR> </font></TD> <TD width="580" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> Int'l Financial Commission to supervise Tunisian budget established <BR> </font></TD> </TR></TABLE> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD width="100" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> 1875 <BR> </font></TD> <TD width="580" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> Sadiqiyya College (first school with Western curriculum) established <BR> </font></TD> </TR></TABLE> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD width="100" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> 1876 <BR> </font></TD> <TD width="580" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> Begin of railway construction in Tunisia <BR> </font></TD> </TR></TABLE><BR> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD width="100" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> 1881 <BR> </font></TD> <TD width="580" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> Tunisia declared a French protectorate <BR> </font></TD> </TR></TABLE> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD width="100" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> 1888 <BR> </font></TD> <TD width="580" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> Tunisia issued her first postage stamps <BR> </font></TD> </TR></TABLE> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD width="100" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> 1891 <BR> </font></TD> <TD width="580" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> French ranc made official currency <BR> </font></TD> </TR></TABLE> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD width="100" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> 1899 <BR> </font></TD> <TD width="580" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> First census; population 1,906,000 <BR> </font></TD> </TR></TABLE> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD width="100" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> 1920 <BR> </font></TD> <TD width="580" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> Destour Party founded <BR> </font></TD> </TR></TABLE> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD width="100" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> 1921 <BR> </font></TD> <TD width="580" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> Population 2,093,900 <BR> </font></TD> </TR></TABLE> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD width="100" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> 1925 <BR> </font></TD> <TD width="580" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> Destour Party dissolved <BR> </font></TD> </TR></TABLE> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD width="100" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> 1934 <BR> </font></TD> <TD width="580" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> Neo Destour Party founded <BR> </font></TD> </TR></TABLE> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD width="100" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> 1938 <BR> </font></TD> <TD width="580" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> Neo Destour forced to disband <BR> </font></TD> </TR></TABLE> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD width="100" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> 1940-1943 <BR> </font></TD> <TD width="580" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> World War II; Tunis of great logistical importance for German Afrika Korps <BR> </font></TD> </TR></TABLE> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD width="100" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> 1945 <BR> </font></TD> <TD width="580" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> Allies transferred administration of Tunisia back to the French <BR> </font></TD> </TR></TABLE> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD width="100" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> 1946 <BR> </font></TD> <TD width="580" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> Tunisia associated state within French Union <BR> </font></TD> </TR></TABLE> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD width="100" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> 1954 <BR> </font></TD> <TD width="580" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> Begin of violent resistance against French rule <BR> </font></TD> </TR></TABLE> <BR> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD width="100" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> 1956 <BR> </font></TD> <TD width="580" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> Tunisia granted independence, joined UN <BR> </font></TD> </TR></TABLE> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD width="100" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> 1957 <BR> </font></TD> <TD width="580" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> Monarchy abolished, Republic proclaimed <BR> </font></TD> </TR></TABLE> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD width="100" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> 1957 <BR> </font></TD> <TD width="580" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> Population 3,999,000 <BR> </font></TD> </TR></TABLE> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD width="100" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> 1957 <BR> </font></TD> <TD width="580" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> Clashes with French forces on Algerian border <BR> </font></TD> </TR></TABLE> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD width="100" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> 1958 <BR> </font></TD> <TD width="580" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> Tunisia joined the Arab League <BR> </font></TD> </TR></TABLE> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD width="100" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> 1958 <BR> </font></TD> <TD width="580" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> Currency reform; Tunisian Dinar introduced <BR> </font></TD> </TR></TABLE> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD width="100" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> 1959 <BR> </font></TD> <TD width="580" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> new constitution adopted, women's suffrage introduced <BR> </font></TD> </TR></TABLE> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD width="100" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> 1961 <BR> </font></TD> <TD width="580" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> Conflict over French base at Bizerta <BR> </font></TD> </TR></TABLE> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD width="100" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> 1963 <BR> </font></TD> <TD width="580" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> France returned the base at Bizerta to Tunisia <BR> </font></TD> </TR></TABLE> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD width="100" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> 1964 <BR> </font></TD> <TD width="580" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> French-owned land was confiscated <BR> </font></TD> </TR></TABLE> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD width="100" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> 1966 <BR> </font></TD> <TD width="580" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> Television broadcasting began <BR> </font></TD> </TR></TABLE> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD width="100" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> 1969 <BR> </font></TD> <TD width="580" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> Tunis Stock Exchange (Bourse de Tunis) established </font></TD> </TR></TABLE> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD width="100" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> 1973 <BR> </font></TD> <TD width="580" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> Universite Libre de Tunis established </font></TD> </TR></TABLE> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD width="100" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> 1981 <BR> </font></TD> <TD width="580" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> Free multiparty elections held <BR> </font></TD> </TR></TABLE> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD width="100" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> 1982 <BR> </font></TD> <TD width="580" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> Palestinian refugees from Lebanon were permitted to take up residence in Tunisia <BR> </font></TD> </TR></TABLE> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD width="100" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> 1985 <BR> </font></TD> <TD width="580" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> Israeli Air Raid targetted PLO headquarters in Tunis <BR> </font></TD> </TR></TABLE> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD width="100" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> 1987 <BR> </font></TD> <TD width="580" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> Coup d'etat; President Bourguiba replaced by Ben Ali </font></TD> </TR></TABLE> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD width="100" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> 1987 <BR> </font></TD> <TD width="580" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> Privatization Program launched </font></TD> </TR></TABLE> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD width="100" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> 1991 <BR> </font></TD> <TD width="580" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> Last execution performed (abolition of death penalty in practise) <BR> </font></TD> </TR></TABLE> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD width="100" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> 1996 <BR> </font></TD> <TD width="580" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> Tunisia, EU signed Association Agreement <BR> </font></TD> </TR></TABLE> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD width="100" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> 1999 <BR> </font></TD> <TD width="580" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> Population 9,457,000 <BR> </font></TD> </TR></TABLE> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD width="100" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> 1999 <BR> </font></TD> <TD width="580" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> First multiparty presidential election held <BR> </font></TD> </TR></TABLE> <TABLE border = "0" cellspace="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <TR> <TD width="100" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> 2005 <BR> </font></TD> <TD width="580" valign="top" align="left"> <font size = "2"> Upper Chamber of Parliament introduced <BR> </font></TD> </TR></TABLE> <BR><BR><BR><BR> </div><div align = "center"> <script language="JavaScript"> <!-- function SymError() { return true; 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