Abbreviations : NSW = New South Wales, NT = Northern Territories, QLD = Queensland, SA = South Australia, TAS = Tasmania, VIC = Victoria, WA = Western Australia
European Exploration : First recorded sighting by V.O.C. employee Willem Janszoon 1606. Colonization - Claim : Botany Bay (NSW) 1788, Albany (WA) 1791 Colonization - Date of First Settlement : NSW 1788, TAS 1803, WA 1827, SA 1836. Colonization - Establishment of Colonies as Administrative Units : NSW 1788, Van Diemens Land 1825 (renamed Tasmania 1856), WA 1827, SA 1836, Victoria 1851 (separated from NSW), QLD 1859 (separated from NSW), NT (1824-1863 part of NSW; 1863-1912 part of SA; since 1912 separate), In 1901 the colonies of NSW, QLD, SA, TAS, VIC and WA established the Commonwealth of Australia. Name : During much of the 19th century, the Australian colonies were listed as part of Australasia, together with New Zealand and islands of the western Pacific. "Australia" was a commonly used geographical term long before it was officially adopted in 1899. Development of Democracy : NSW parliament established in 1823, WA parliament established 1832, SA parliament established 1840, VIC parliament established 1851, TAS parliament established 1856, QLD parliament established 1859. Universal adult male suffrage (over 21) introduced 1855 (SA) - 1858 (NSW) except for TAS (1896). SA granted universal adult women's suffrage in 1895, WA in 1900, the Commonwealth of Australia in 1901. Demography and Ethnography : Until 1787, Australia sparsely inhabited by native Australians called aborigines. 1788 begin of European immigration. Early Colonization; NSW Penal Colony 1788-1823 (the first free immigrants arrived in NSW in 1793). Victorian Gold Rush (from 1851 onward) resulted in sharply increased immigration figures. The Suez Canal and improving technology made possible ocean liners to regularly service the connection between England and Australia. The first Chinese immigrant arrived in 1818; during the 19th century, large numbers of Chinese "coolies" were brought into the country, as cheap labour. The Australian workers of European descent (who felt threatened by cheap Chinese competition, and who, in contrast to their Chinese competitors, had the right to vote) successfully campaigned for the termination of Chinese and other Asian immigration (White Australia Policy 1901-1973). Now, Pacific islanders were brought to Australia to provide cheap labour. In 1983 the last voting restrictions based on race were lifted. Timeline : Australia |
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Article from Wikipedia : History of Australia australia.gov.au, History |
Specific Periods |
W. Howitt, The History of Discovery in Australia, Tasmania, and New Zealand 1865, IA J.E.T. Woods, A History of the Discovery and Exploration of Australia 1865, IA J. Bonwick, First Twenty Years of Australia: A History Founded on Official Documents 1882, IA Article : Victorian Gold Rush, from Wikipedia Article : European exploration of Australia, Wikipedia |
Historiography |
Skwirk : SOSE : History (online present-day history textbook, year 9, Tasmania) |
Politics |
Political Resources on the Web : Australia Articles from Wikipedia : Australian Labour Party, White Australia Policy, Liberal Party of Australia J.T. Sutcliffe, A history of trade unionism in Australia, 1921, IA K.R. Cramp, The state and federal constitutions of Australia, 1913, IA A.L. Haydon, The trooper police of Australia; a record of mounted police work in the commonwealth from the earliest days of settlement to the present time 1912, IA |
Military |
Wars of Australia 1800-1999, from ACED F.S. Burnell, Australia versus Germany, the story of the taking of German New Guinea n.d., IA Australian Government, Department of Veteran Affairs, Gallipoli and the Anzacs Wikipedia : Military History of Australia |
Economy & Finances |
H. Herbert, Modern economic history with special reference to Australia 1922, IA G.B. Earp, The Gold Colonies of Australia, 1852, IA T.A. Coghlan, Labour and industry in Australia from the first settlement in 1788 to the establishment of the Commonwealth in 1901, vol.1 1918, vol.2 1918, IA C.D. Allin, A history of the tariff relations of the Australian colonies 1918, IA Australian Academy of Technological Sciences and Engineering, Technology in Australia 1788-1988 |
Social History |
J.A. Thompson, A contribution to the history of leprosy in Australia 1897, IA G. Boxall, History of the Australian bushrangers 1908, IA Australian Women's History Forum Skwirk : Australia after 1945 : Changing rights and freedoms : Women Aussie Educator, History of Australian Education Illawarra Shoalhaven Public Health District, History of Public Health in Australia Article : Australia, from Education Encyclopedia |
Religion |
Chronology of Catholic Dioceses : Australia, from Kirken i Norge J. Kenny, A History of the Commencement and Progress of Catholicity in Australia, up to the Year 1840 1886, IA W.H. Daniels, The Illustrated History of Methodism in Great Britain, America, and Australia 1890, IA J. Colwell, The illustrated history of Methodism. Australia: 1812-1855. New South Wales and Polynesia: 1856 to 1902, 1904, IA R.A. Giles, The constitutional history of the Australian church 1929, IA R.W. Hamilton, A jubilee history of the Presbyterian Church of Victoria; or, the rise and progress of Presbyterianism from the foundation of the colony to 1888 1888, IA Overview of World Religions : Australian Aboriginal Religion |
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Australian Dictionary of Biography |
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Australasia Ecoregion, from WWF Australia & New Zealand Environmental History Network |
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Population Statistics at Univ. Utrecht |
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Australian Newspapers Online 1803-1982 scroll down for Korea |
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World History Archives : Australia |
Staatskalender |
Australian Bureau of Statistics, Year Book Australia
1908-2012 |
Online Yearbooks - Australia Entries |
Statesman's Year-Book, Entry : Australasia
vol.1 1864 pp.647-680, GB,
vol.2 1865 pp.647-679, GB,
vol.3 1866 pp.670-705, GB,
vol.4 1867 pp.698-749, GB,
vol.5 1868 pp.698-749, GB,
vol.6 1869 pp.705-753, GB;
1871, pp.701-749, IA,
1872, pp.700-749, IA,
1873, pp.699-745, IA,
1874, pp.701-745, IA,
1875, pp.701-745, IA,
1876, pp.713-755, IA,
1877, pp.730-772, IA,
1878, pp.730-774, IA,
1879, pp.731-774, IA,
1880, pp.731-774, IA,
1881, pp.731-774, IA,
1883, pp.731-774, IA,
1884, pp.808-853, IA,
1885, pp.828-876, IA,
1886, pp.857-913, IA,
1887, pp.887-946, IA,
1888, pp.895-958, IA,
1889, pp.909-971, IA,
1890, pp.222-300, IA,
1891, pp.228-306, IA,
1892, pp.235-312, IA,
1894, pp.235-312, IA,
1895, pp.235-312, IA,
1896, pp.235-312, IA,
1898, pp.235-312, IA,
1899, pp.253-331, IA,
Australia
1903, pp.289-367, IA,
1913, pp.293-351, IA,
1919, pp.337-426, IA,
1921, pp.350-417, IA |
Image Databanks |
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Western Australia Historical Photographs firstworldwar.com, Propaganda Posters Australia Vintage Venus : This is Australia (posters; commercial site) |
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License Plates, from Francoplaque; from
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Constitutions, Laws |
ComLaw Online (Commonwealth of Australia Law) |
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Australian Treaties Library, Foreign Policy Documents Australia, pp.140-201 in vol.5 of Treaties and Other International Agreements of the United States of America 1776-1949, 1976, GB |
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K. Bagnall, Digging deep: sources for Chinese-Australian history in NSW |
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Australian History :
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Individual Documents |
Bradshaw's Railway Manual, Shareholder's Guide, and Official Directory
1905 NSW State p.400, QLD State p.409, SA State p.409, TAS State p.415, VIC State p.417, IA |
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Historical Diagrams showing the Subdivision of Australia, 10-map scan of 1904 posted by
Australian Empire Probert Encyclopaedia, Australia 1875, 1877, 1898, 1900, 1904, 1905, 1906, 1911, 1922, 1926, 1932, 1932 (2), 1936, 1938, Industries 1906, Industries and Communication 1922, Railways and Minerals 1937, Agriculture and Industries 1956, Population Density 1956 Wikimedia Commons : Australia (Colton 1855) |
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Atlas of South Australia Queensland Historical Atlas |
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data.gov.au, Lands & Surveys Historic Map Series Western Australia
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Historical Encyclopedia Entries |
Secular |
Article Australia, from from Encyclopaedia Britannica 1911 edition |
Religious |
Article Australia, from Catholic Encyclopedia 1907 edition |
Economic |
Of the Agriculture of Australasia, p.166 in J.Cl. Loudon,
An Encyclopedia of Agriculture, vol.1, 1825, GB E.G. Balfour, The Cyclopaedia of India and of Eastern and Southern Asia, commercial, industrial, and scientific; products of the mineral, vegetable, and animal kingdoms, useful arts and manufactures (1885), vol.1, vol.2, vol.3, posted on Internet Archive J.H. Curle, The Gold Mines of the World, 1905, IA; Australia pp.149-204 |
Geographical |
New Holland and its Dependencies, pp.528-571 in vol.III of C. Malte-Brun, Universal
Geography 1822, GB Australien, pp.177-182 in vol.1 1858, Ny Sydwales pp.475-476, Queensland p.576, Syd-Australien p.763, Van Diemens Land pp.837-838, Victoria pp.855-856, in vol.2 1863 of S. Anskjaer, Geografisk-Statistisk Haandbog, in Danish, Project Runeberg Australia pp.485-498 in H.G. Bohn, A pictorial hand-book of modern geography 1861, IA British Colonies in Australasia : Australia, pp.151-189 in J.P. Faunthorpe, Geography of the British colonies and foreign possessions 1874, IA Australia, pp.673-693 in G.G. Chisholm, Handbook of commercial geography 1922, IA |
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D. MacKenzie, The emigrant's guide, or, Ten years' practical experience in Australia, 1845, IA H.S. Evans, A Guide to the Emigration Colonies: Including Australia, Tasmania, New Zealand, Cape of Good Hope ... 1851, IA J.J. Shillinglaw, The Australian shipmaster's guide; a handbook of mercantile and maritime information, relating to merchant ships and seamen in Victoria 1858, IA T.A. Coghlan, Picturesque New South Wales: An Illustrated Guide for Settler and Tourist 1901, IA W. Lorck, Isles of the East : an illustrated guide : Australia, New Guinea, Java, Sumatra 1912, IA U.S. Army, Pocket Guide to Australia, 1943, IA |
Travelogues |
T.L. Mitchell, Three expeditions into the interior of eastern Australia; with descriptions of the recently explored region of Australia Felix, and of the present colony of New South Wales,
vol.1 1839, IA R.H. Major, Early voyages to Terra Australis, now called Australia: a collection of documents, and extracts from early manuscript maps. illustrative of the history of discovery on the coasts of that vast island, from the beginning of the sixteenth century to the time of Captain Cook 1859, IA J.H. Tuckey, An account of a voyage to establish a colony at Port Philip in Bass's Strait on the south coast of New South Wales, in His Majesty's Ship Calcutta, in the years 1802-3-4 1805, IA |
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BIBLIOGRAPHY |
Bibliographies | general |
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Australian National Bibliographic Database |
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pp.214-283 in J.C. Docherty, Historical Dictionary of Australia, Metuchen NJ : Scarecrow 1992 [G] Article : Bibliography of Australian History, from Wikipedia |
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The Parliament of Australia : a Bibliography Bibliography for Australian Aboriginal Studies National Library of Wales, The Welsh in Australia : Bibliography T. Gill, Bibliography of South Australia 1886, IA Convicts to Australia Bibliography Australia's Muslim Cameleers, Bibliography 1018 : Australians in France, Bibliography, from Australian War Memorial Australian Mining History Association, Bibliography of the Mining History of Australia, New Zealand and Papua New Guinea Autralian Literature Resource, Banned in Australia, The Banned in Australia AustLit Research community and this bibliography collects literary publications that were prohibited as imports into twentieth-century Australia, tracing the main arch of federal publications censorship from 1901 to 1973. |
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on Australia |
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Australian Heritage Online 2005-, most articles online Bulletin of the Indo-Pacific Prehistory Association 1979- Journal de la Societe des Oceanistes, 1945-2009 online |
Contents Online |
Routledge, Australian Historical Studies |
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Article : Australian Historiography, by Raymond Evans, pp.56-58 in vol.1 of A Global Encyclopedia of Historical Writing, NY 1998 |
Historical Dictionaries |
James C. Docherty, Historical Dictionary of Australia, Metuchen NJ : Scarecrow 1992, 284 pp. [G] Robert D. Craig and Franklin P. King, Historical Dictionary of Oceania, Westport CT : Greenwood 1981 [G] |