Literature on the History of South East Asia |
Sailendra | Mataram |
NARRATIVE . References : Online Secondary Sources . Online Primary Sources . Bibliographic and Print Sources Regional history : Malaya until 1895, History of Sumatra |
Srivijaya was a Malay thalassocracy centered on Palembang (Sumatra), existing
from the 7th to the 13th century. Historical evidence is scanty, consisting of a number of inscriptions, a few reports by mostly Chinese
visitors, archaeological evidence. It is believed that Madagascar was settled by
Sumatrans before the arrival of Indian religions on Sumatra. Srivijaya expanded, annexing Melayu (Jambi) c.680, taking control of the
Malacca Straits. A Chinese visitor around that time describes Palembang as a center of Buddhist learning. Srivijaya at its climax controlled Sumatra, Western Java, the western and northern coast of Borneo and the Malay Peninsula. In the Malay Archipelago it had a rival in Sailendra, another thalassocracy centered on Central Java, and after the latter's fall in 852, in the Kingdom of Mataram, also centered on Central Java. When the Sailendra Dynasty was ousted from Java in 852, they moved to Palembang and took over the rule of Srivijaya. By 1200 Srivijaya was still a major regional power, but the center had moved from Palembang to Jambi. In the course of the 13th century Srivijaya disintegrated. The Kingdom of Palembang continued to be identified with the name of Srivijaya; its territory was limited to southeastern Sumatra without Lampung (to Pajajaran). In the north it bordered on Jambi. In 1290 it was conquered by Singhasari. Jambi, Palembang, Pajajaran and Malacca may be regarded successor states of Srivijaya, indirectly also Brunei and the Sultanates of North Sumatra such as Aceh. Alternative spellings : Crivijaya, Sriwijaya, Shrivijaya Students' Papers : Lee, Hye Jin, Maritime History : The South China Sea until the later 19th Century (2012) |
Country Profiles |
Article : Srivijaya, from Wikipedia |
Links | on History |
startpagina - Sumatra, Dutch language site Category : Srivijaya, from Wikipedia Shawn Selby, Srivijaya Resources on the Internet, Antara Kita 2008 |
Organizations |
Nalanda Sriwijaya Centre, Singapore |
Portals |
Southeast Asian Archaeology Newsblog Antara Kita. Indonesia and East Timor Studies Committee |
Timelines |
Search Google News Archive for Srivijaya, click Timeline Timeline of Indonesian History, from Sejarah Indonesia , 11 sub-timelines, illustrated, very detailed |
Accounts of History | on Sumatra |
J.P. Parraud, Histoire de Sumatra, 1788, in French, from
Internet Archive William Marsden, The history of Sumatra, 1784, posted on Internet Archive Salomon Müller, Bijdragen tot de kennis van Sumatra : bijzonder in geschiedkundig en ethnographisch opzigt 1846, in Dutch, posted on Internet Archive |
on Srivijaya |
Article : Srivijaya, from Wikipedia Article : Srivijaya, from WikiPilipinas F. Bosch, Crivijaya, de Cailendra en de Sanjaya-vamca, BTLV 108 1952 pp.113-123 K.A. Nilakanta Sastri, Sri Vijaya, Bulletin de l'Ecole française d'Extreme-Orient 40 1940 pp.239-313, in English Crivijaya Kingdom, from Melayu Online Gabriel Ferrand, L'empire sumatranais de Çrivijaya, 1922, in French, posted on Internet Archive George Coedes, Le Royaume de Çrivijaya, Bulletin de l'Ecole française d'Extreme-Orient 18 1918 pp.1-36 R.W. Bottenberg, Sriwijaya: Myth or Reality ?, thesis Leiden 2010 P.Y. Manguin, Srivijaya, an Introduction, 2009 K.A. Nilakanta Sastri, Sri Vijaya, Bulletin de l'Ecole française d'Extreme-Orient 1940 vol.40 no.40-2 pp.239-313 T. Suzuki, The History of Srivijaya under the tributary trade system of China, 2012 |
Specific Periods |
Malay Kingdom of Srivijaya Palembang,
Buddhism in Palembang,
The Maritime Influence, from Network Indonesia A.O. Zakharov, Constructing the polity of Sriwijaya in the 7th-8th centuries: The view according to the inscriptions, Indonesian Studies Working Papers 9 2009 F. Sumio, The Rise of Tambralinga and the Southeast Asian Commercial Boom in the Thirteenth Century, 2006 |
Historiography |
N.H. Shuhaimi et al., Verifiable Memories of Historical Events in the Malay Classical Literary Sources, Asian Social Science vol.9 no.6 2013 |
Politics |
Military |
The Cholas, from Sejarah Melayu |
Economy & Finances |
Hans-Dieter Evers,
Traditional Trading Networks of Southeast Asia, Archipel 1988 vol.35 pp.89-100 Claudine Salmon, Srivijaya, la Chine et les marchands chinois (Xe-XIIe s.). Quelques reflexions sur la societe de l'empire sumatranais, Archipel 63 2000 pp.57-78 D. Qin et al., Sri Vijaya as the Entrepot for Circum-Indian Ocean Trade. Evidence from Documentary Records and Materials from Shipwrecks of the 9th-10th Centuries, Etudes Ocean Indien 46-47, 2011 J. Guy, Rare and Strange Goods. International Trade in Ninth-Century Asia (on Belitung shipwreck, sank after 826) G. Wade, An Early Age of Commerce in Southeast Asia, 900-1300 CE, Journal of Southeast Asian Studies, 40(2), pp.221-265 June 2009 B.D. Averbuch, From Siraf to Sumatra: Seafaring and Spices in the Islamicate Indo-Pacific, Ninth-Eleventh Centuries C.E., thesis Harvard 2013 |
Ethnography |
Religion |
E. Edwards,
The Archaeology of Buddhist Sumatra, announcement of a lecture |
History of Regions | Sumatra |
Articles Sumatra : History, from Wikipedia |
Borneo (Kalimantan) |
Articles History of Brunei, from Wikipedia |
Malay Peninsula |
Buddhist Empires, from Sejarah Melayu, A History of the Malay Peninsula Pamela Sodhy, The "International Relations" of the Malay Peninsula from the Seventh to the Fourteenth Century, Akademica 23 1983 pp.21-36 Articles Malaysia : Early History, from Wikipedia |
West Java |
Articles West Java : History, from Wikipedia |
others |
Stuart Robson,
Srivijaya and Southern Thailand : Some Questions, Songklanakarin Journal of Social Sciences & Humanities 4/2 1998 pp.226-237 The Kingdoms of Thailand : The Kingdom of Srivijaya N.O. Sippanan, Srivijaya Influence and Hidden Heritage around Ban Don Bay: Cultural Landscape Associated with Cultural Tourism, thesis Silpakorn 2010 Article : Hinduism in the Philippines, from Wikipedia |
Local History |
B. Bronson et al., Palembang as Srivijaya.
The Lateness of Early Cities in Southern Southeast Asia, Asian Perspectives, XIX(2), 1976 P.I. Manguin, 'Welcome to Bumi Sriwijaya' or the Building of a Provincial Identity in Contemporary Indonesia, Asia Research Institute Working Paper no.102, 2008 |
Institutions |
Culture |
The Passage of Malay Scripts : The Sacred Knowledge of Writing,
Scripts of the Malay Archipelago Azibaza, Srivijaya Art of Buddha Images |
Biographies |
Environmental History |
SPAFA, Final Report. Consultative Workshop on Archaeological and Environmental Studies on Srivijaya, 1983 |
Others |
J. Wisseman Christie, State formation in early
maritime Southeast Asia. A consideration of the theories and the data., BTLV 151 1995 pp.235-288 H. Claessen, How unique was Srivijaya ?, BTLV 151 1995 pp.443-445 Pierre-Yves Manguin, Sriwijaya, entre texte historique et terrain archeologique : un siecle a la recherche d'un Etat evanescent, Bulletin de l'Ecole française d'Extreme-Orient 88 2001 pp.331-339 |
Historical Data | Lists of Statesmen |
Documents | Image Databanks |
Inscriptions |
Claudine Salmon,
A Tentative Interpretation of the Chinese Inscription (1231) Engraved on a Bronze Gong Recovered in Muara Jambi {Central Sumatra) ,
Archipel 66 2003 pp.91-112 Articles : Kedukan Bukit Inscription, Kota Kapur Inscription, Laguna Copperplate Inscription (Philippines), Sojomerto Inscription, Talang Tuwo Inscription, Telaga Batu Inscription, Wikipedia P.E.E. Fernando, Sri Vijaya and Malaysia in Simhala Inscriptions Heritage Society, The medieval Tamil-language inscriptions in Southeast Asia and China B.J. Chatterjee et al., India and Java II : Iscriptions, 2nd ed. 1933, Gretil H. Krishna Sastri, Danavulapadu Pillar Inscription of Srivijaya, in Epigrahia Indica vol.X 1909, pp.147-153 |
Document Collections |
Historical Maps |
Map : Srivijaya Empire, from Wikimedia Commons Map : Sri Vijaya, from Picasa R. Cribb, Digital Atlas of Indonesian History, Likely extent of Srivijaya's maritime empire, Hinduism and Buddhism in the archipelago, 4th-13th centuries |
Institutions | Archives |
Musea |
Buyang Valley Museum (Malaysia), from
Photodhgarma Sri Vijaya Art in Thailand, from Thailand's World |
Monuments |
National Symbols | Flags, Coats of Arms |
Coins |
Sri Vijaya Money, from Bank of Thailand Museum |
BIBLIOGRAPHY AND PRINT SOURCES Bibliographies . Online Libraries . Thesis Servers . Online Journals . General Accounts . Specific Topics . Historical Dictionaries . Statistical Data . Yearbooks |
Bibliographies |
Malayan Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society (MBRAS) Search ISBN Database for Srivijaya, Crivijaya etc. Search RHS Bibliography Srivijaya, Crivijaya etc. Search DBNG Srivijaya, Crivijaya etc. Nalanda Sriwijaya Centre, Singapore, Publications |
Online Libraries |
Gutenberg Library Online,
Internet Archive Persee (French search engine) Search Narcis (server for theses from the Netherlands) for Srivijaya, spelling varieties GRETIL - Göttingen Register of Electronic Texts in Indian Languages and related Indological materials from Central and Southeast Asia |
Thesis Server |
Open Access Theses and Dissertations Registry of Open Access Repositories, Malaysia, Indonesia, Singapore Malaysian Theses Online |
General Accounts | On Southeast Asia |
Nicholas Tarling, The Cambridge History of Southeast Asia, 4 vol.s, Cambridge : UP (1992) 1999, KMLA Lib.Sign. 959 T188c John Villiers, Südostasien vor der Kolonialzeit (South East Asia prior to the Colonial Era), Frankfurt : Fischer 1965, especially pp.93-109; in German [G] |
on Indonesia, Malaysia, Sumatra |
Barbara Watson Andaya, Leonard V. Andaya, A History of Malaysia, Honolulu : Univ. of Hawai'i Press 2001,
KMLA Lib.Sign. 959.5 A 543h, pp.21-36 Encyclopaedia Britannica, 15th edition, Macropaedia, Vol.21, pp.213-245 Article Indonesia KMLA Lib.Sign. R 032 B862h v.21 Steven Drakeley, The History of Indonesia, Westport CT : Greenwood 2005, KMLA Lib.Sign. 959.8 0763h |
on Srivijaya |
Sumatra and the Srivijaya Kingdom, in : The History Atlas of Asia,
from MacMillan, edited by Ian Barnes, NY 1998, pp.78-79, KMLA Lib.Sign. 911.5 B261t Keith W. Taylor, The Early Kingdoms : Srivijaya, pp.173-176 in : Nicholas Tarling, The Cambridge History of Southeast Asia, Vol.I.1, Cambridge : UP (1992) 1999, KMLA Lib.Sign. 959 T188c Kenneth R. Hall, Economic History of Southeast Asia : The Age of the Srivijayan Maritime Empire (670-1025), pp.196-202 in : Nicholas Tarling, The Cambridge History of Southeast Asia, Vol.I.1, Cambridge : UP (1992) 1999, KMLA Lib.Sign. 959 T188c |
Specific Topics |
Historical Atlasses |
Jan M. Pluvier, Historical Atlas of Southeast Asia, Leiden : Brill 1995 [G] |